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Journal ArticleDOI

Experiences in promoting physical activity

01 Dec 2006-Vol. 8, pp 42-56
TL;DR: The programmes analysed here promoted self-management and autonomy by producing support networks and training leaders for guaranteeing their sustainability and were deficient in broadcasting in the mass-media.
Abstract: Objetivo Este articulo presenta las fortalezas y debilidades de algunas experiencias de Bogota, de promocion de la salud, con enfasis en actividad fisica. Metodos Como proceso inicial se realizo una revision documental de los modelos teoricos de intervencion y de los lineamientos propuestos en declaraciones Internacionales y Nacionales relacionadas con la actividad fisica. El analisis se desarrollo en tres fases: 1) Fase exploratoria. Se recolecto informacion general de los programas de actividad fisica existentes, encaminados a la prevencion de enfermedades cronicas no transmisibles (ECNT) y a la promocion de la salud y se realizo la revision bibliografica 2) Fase Descriptiva. Se caracterizaron los programas de promocion de la actividad fisica segun sus objetivos, alcances, estrategias utilizadas y las metodologias inmersas en los procesos y 3) Fase Analitica. Se realizo el analisis critico de los programas existentes a la luz de las categorias establecidas por la autora para hacer una aproximacion a las fortalezas y debilidades de los mismos. Resultados El analisis permitio destacar aspectos favorables (efectivos) y desfavorables de los programas de actividad fisica para ser tenidos en cuenta en futuras propuestas de intervencion basadas en actividad fisica. Los programas analizados promueven la autogestion y autonomia mediante la generacion de redes de apoyo y la capacitacion a lideres para garantizar su sostenibilidad. Conclusiones En general, estos programas intervienen a la persona y a la comunidad a traves de la realizacion de talleres tanto practicos como teoricos pero no cubren todo el proceso vital humano, sino que se concentran en grupos poblacionales especificos. Tienen deficiencia de divulgacion en medios masivos de comunicacion pues aun no han implementado estrategias comunicativas masivas y no responden a politicas claras dentro de cada institucion.

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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed policies and physical activity programs in Brazil and Colombia and compared them in the light of the Community Guide, guide recommendations on evidence-based interventions to promote physical activity of CDC.
Abstract: Summary Background. Although there is scientific literature on the effects that physical activity (PA) generates in the quality of life and its importance in reducing morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases, there are not enough studies to evaluate the development of activity interventions standardized physical form. Objective. To review policies and PA programs in Brazil and Colombia and to compare them in the light of the Community Guide, guide recommendations on evidence-based interventions to promote PA of CDC. Materials and methods. The research took the information regarding programs and policies in Brazil and Colombia AF reported in the databases LILACS, Medline, OVID, PubMed and Science Direct SciELO in English, Spanish and Portuguese, from 2006-2012. Then, it was systematized in a data matrix where the items found were related according to the proposed approaches in CDC’s Community Guide and the types of intervention are proposed in each approach. Results.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1995-JAMA
TL;DR: Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week.
Abstract: Objective. —To encourage increased participation in physical activity among Americans of all ages by issuing a public health recommendation on the types and amounts of physical activity needed for health promotion and disease prevention. Participants. —A planning committee of five scientists was established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine to organize a workshop. This committee selected 15 other workshop discussants on the basis of their research expertise in issues related to the health implications of physical activity. Several relevant professional or scientific organizations and federal agencies also were represented. Evidence. —The panel of experts reviewed the pertinent physiological, epidemiologic, and clinical evidence, including primary research articles and recent review articles. Consensus Process. —Major issues related to physical activity and health were outlined, and selected members of the expert panel drafted sections of the paper from this outline. A draft manuscript was prepared by the planning committee and circulated to the full panel in advance of the 2-day workshop. During the workshop, each section of the manuscript was reviewed by the expert panel. Primary attention was given to achieving group consensus concerning the recommended types and amounts of physical activity. A concise "public health message" was developed to express the recommendations of the panel. During the ensuing months, the consensus statement was further reviewed and revised and was formally endorsed by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. Conclusion. —Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week. ( JAMA . 1995;273:402-407)

7,519 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: An ecological model for health promotion is proposed which focuses on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health promotions and addresses the importance of interventions directed at changing interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy factors which support and maintain unhealthy behaviors.
Abstract: During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health promotion and disease prevention has not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the importance of social influences on health and disease. This article proposes an ecological model for health promotion which focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health promotion interventions. It addresses the importance of interventions directed at changing interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy, factors which support and maintain unhealthy behaviors. The model assumes that appropriate changes in the social environment will produce changes in individuals, and that the support of individuals in the population is essential for implementing environmental changes.

6,234 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
27 Jan 1999-JAMA
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined short and long-term changes in weight, body composition, and cardiovascular risk profiles produced by diet combined with either structured aerobic exercise or moderate-intensity lifestyle activity.
Abstract: ContextPhysical inactivity contributes to weight gain, but only 22% of Americans are regularly active.ObjectiveTo examine short- and long-term changes in weight, body composition, and cardiovascular risk profiles produced by diet combined with either structured aerobic exercise or moderate-intensity lifestyle activity.DesignSixteen-week randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up, conducted from August 1995 to December 1996.Participants and SettingForty obese women (mean body mass index [weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters], 32.9 kg/m2; mean weight, 89.2 kg) with a mean age of 42.9 years (range, 21-60 years) seen in a university-based weight management program.InterventionsStructured aerobic exercise or moderate lifestyle activity; low-fat diet of about 1200 kcal/d.Main Outcome MeasuresChanges in body weight, body composition, cardiovascular risk profiles, and physical fitness at 16 weeks and at 1 year.ResultsMean (SD) weight losses during the 16-week treatment program were 8.3 (3.8) kg for the aerobic group and 7.9 (4.2) kg for the lifestyle group (within groups, P<.001; between groups, P = .08). The aerobic group lost significantly less fat-free mass (0.5 [1.3] kg) than the lifestyle group (1.4 [1.3] kg; P = .03). During the 1-year follow-up, the aerobic group regained 1.6 [5.5] kg, while the lifestyle group regained 0.08 (4.6) kg. At week 16, serum triglyceride levels and total cholesterol levels were reduced significantly (P<.001) from baseline (16.3% and 10.1% reductions, respectively) but did not differ significantly between groups and were not different from baseline or between groups at week 68.ConclusionsA program of diet plus lifestyle activity may offer similar health benefits and be a suitable alternative to diet plus structured aerobic activity for obese women.

661 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears that a multi-level, community-wide intervention to promote physical activity in a developing country may obtain good results if the model contains the items listed above.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present key points of an intervention programme (Agita Sao Paulo Program) to promote physical activity in a developing country. Agita is a multi-level, community-wide intervention designed to increase knowledge about the benefits and the level of physical activity in a mega-population of 34 million inhabitants of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The main message was taken from the Centers for Disease Control/American College of Sports Medicine (CDC/ACSM) recommen- dation that: 'everyone should accumulate at least 30 minutes of physical activity, on most days of the weeks, of moderate intensity, in one single or in multiple sessions'. Activities were encouraged in three settings: home, transport and leisure time. Focus groups were students from elementary schools through to college, white and blue collar workers, and elderly people. Innovative aspects included: (1) a research centre leading the process, (2) scientific and institutional partnerships (over 160 groups), (3) a feasible approach - the 'one-step-ahead' model, (4) empowerment, (5) inclusion, (6) non-paid media, (7) social marketing, and (8) culture-linked. Data were obtained from 645 random, home-based questionnaires over four years - stratified by sex, age, education and socio-economic level. These data show that the Agita message reached 55.7% of the population, and among these, 23.1% knew the main message. Recall of Agita and knowledge of its purpose were well distributed among different socio- economic levels, being known by 67% of the most educated. The prevalence of people reaching the recommendation was 54.8% (men 48.7%, women 61%); and risk of being sedentary was quite smaller among those who knew the Agita message (7.1%) compared with those who did not know (13.1%). In conclusion, based upon the Agita Sao Paulo experience, it appears that a multi-level, community-wide intervention to promote physical activity may obtain good results if the model contains the items listed above.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concept of exercise as it appeared in the nursing literature during the early part of the 20th century is closer to the concept of physical activity of today—regular, moderate-intensity activities that become part of one's lifestyle.
Abstract: Recommendations for regular exercise have been evident in the nursing literature since the early 1900s. Health professionals and popular media have promoted vigorous exercise for positive health benefits since the 1960s. The concept of exercise as it appeared in the nursing literature during the early part of the 20th century is closer to the concept of physical activity of today--regular, moderate-intensity activities that become part of one's lifestyle. Nurses are in a unique position to counsel individuals, families, and communities on the importance of regular physical activity and to correct misconceptions that only vigorous exercise has health benefits.

61 citations