Experimental and numerical studies on the tsunami wave characteristics
01 Jan 2007-ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (Taylor & Francis Group)-Vol. 13, Iss: 1, pp 123-134
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of experimental and numerical simulation of tsunami represented by the solitary wave was studied and their comparison is discussed and their details of the numerical approach, methodology, instrumentation and measurement adopted for the present study are reported.
Abstract: The devastating effects of the great Indian ocean tsunami has forced researchers in focusing their attention more vigorously on understanding the behaviour during its propagation and its effects on structures. This can obviously be accomplished through numerical and physical model studies or combination of both. The characteristics of a tsunami wave can approximately be same as that of a solitary wave which is basically a shallow water wave. Hence, the studies on the characteristics of shallow water waves have become an emerging topic of interest. An important aspect of a mitigation effort is to predict the tsunami wave kinematics. A combination of experimental and numerical simulation of tsunami represented by the solitary wave was studied and their comparison is discussed in this paper. The details of the numerical approach, methodology, instrumentation and measurement adopted for the present study are reported. The disagreement of the experimental simulation of solitary wave elevations with th...
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive experimental study has been conducted to understand the dynamic behavior of a wave rider buoy, which is of prime importance if a tsunami warning system is to be successful.
Abstract: To plan for proper mitigation measures, one should have an advanced knowledge of the phenomenon of tsunami propagation from the deep ocean to coastal waters. There are a few methods to predict tsunamis in the ocean waters; one method is the effective use of data buoy measurements. Although data buoys have been used along the Indian waters there has been a tremendous growth in the number of buoy deployment recently. Under the National Data Buoy Programme (NDBP) of India, the 2.2 m diameter discus data buoys were deployed along the east and west coasts of India for measuring meteorological and ocean parameters. It would be advantageous if these buoys could be efficiently used to measure rare events such as tsunamis. Understanding the dynamic behavior of the buoy is of prime importance if a tsunami warning system is to be successful. This may be accomplished through experimental or numerical studies. A comprehensive experimental study has been conducted to understand the dynamic behavior of a wave rider buoy...
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Cites result from "Experimental and numerical studies ..."
...A combination of experimental and numerical simulation of tsunami represented approximately by solitary wave or cnoidal waves was studied by the authors in an earlier investigation (Sriram et al. 2006), in which the comparison of the numerically generated wave profile and the wave speed were stated to be in good agreement with that of the measurements....
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...…numerical simulation of tsunami represented approximately by solitary wave or cnoidal waves was studied by the authors in an earlier investigation (Sriram et al. 2006), in which the comparison of the numerically generated wave profile and the wave speed were stated to be in good agreement with…...
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References
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TL;DR: In this article, an asymptotic solution of these equations is obtained which describes a slowly varying solitary wave; also differential equations for the slow variations of the parameters describing the solitary wave are derived, and solved in the case when the solitary waves evolves from a region of uniform depth.
Abstract: Equations are derived for two-dimensional long waves of small, but finite, amplitude in water of variable depth, analogous to those derived by Boussinesq for water of constant depth. When the depth is slowly varying compared to the length of the wave, an asymptotic solution of these equations is obtained which describes a slowly varying solitary wave; also differential equations for the slow variations of the parameters describing the solitary wave are derived, and solved in the case when the solitary wave evolves from a region of uniform depth. For small amplitudes it is found that the wave amplitude varies inversely as the depth.
241 citations
01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: In this article, the numerical and experimental results given in Madsen and Mei(16) are predicted using asymptotic methods and some knowledge of the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) equation.
Abstract: The numerical and experimental results given in Madsen and Mei(16) are predicted using asymptotic methods and some knowledge of the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) equation. This is accomplished by first deriving, using formal asymptotic expansions, the K-dV equation valid over a variable depth. The depth is chosen, in the first instance, to slowly vary on the same scale as the initial (small) amplitude of the motion. The appropriate form of the Kd-V equation is thenwhere H(X,ξ) describes the surface profile and d(σX) is the changing depth. The rest of the paper is devoted to a study of this equation.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was estimated that the range (crest plus trough) of the first wave could have been 8.2 m, and the uncertainties both in the observed data as well as in the calculated wave height were considered.
Abstract: A major submarine slide occurred on April 27, 1975, in Kitimat Inlet in the Douglas Channel system on the west coast of Canada. Following this slide at least two water waves were observed, and it was estimated that the range (crest plus trough) of the first wave could have been 8.2 m. Two simple theories have been used here to estimate the wave height. By considering the uncertainties both in the observed data as well as in the calculated wave height, there is reasonable agreement.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new experimental procedure to generate solitary waves in a flume using a piston type wave maker is derived from Rayleigh's (1876, [18]) solitary wave solution, which results in very little loss of amplitude in the initial stage of the propagation of the solitary waves.
Abstract: A new experimental procedure to generate solitary waves in a flume using a piston type wave maker is derived from Rayleigh's (1876, [18]) solitary wave solution. Resulting solitary waves fordimensionless amplitudes £ ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 are as pure as the ones generated using Goring's (1978, [7]) procedure which is based on Boussinesq (1871a, [1]) solitary wave, with trailing waves of amplitude lower than 3 % of the main pulse amplitude. In contrast with Goring's procedure, the new procedure results in very little loss of amplitude in the initial stage of the propagation of the solitary waves. We show that solitary waves generated using this new procedure are more rapidly established. This is attributed to the better description of the outskirts decay coefficient in a solitary wave given by Rayleigh's solution rather than by a Boussinesq expression. Two other generation procedures based on first-order (KdV) and second order shallow water theories are also tested. Solitary waves generated by the latte...
93 citations
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, a new experimental procedure to generate solitary waves in a flume using a piston type wave maker is derived from Rayleigh's (1876, [18]) solitary wave solution, which results in very little loss of amplitude in the initial stage of the propagation of the solitary waves.
Abstract: A new experimental procedure to generate solitary waves in a flume using a piston type wave maker is derived from Rayleigh’s (1876, [18]) solitary wave solution. Resulting solitary waves for dimensionless amplitudes e ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 are as pure as the ones generated using Goring’s (1978, [7]) procedure which is based on Boussinesq (1871a, [1]) solitary wave, with trailing waves of amplitude lower tha n3%o f themain pulse amplitude. In contrast with Goring’s procedure, the new procedure results in very little loss of amplitude in the initial stage of the propagation of the solitary waves. We show that solitary waves generated using this new procedure are more rapidly established. This is attributed to the better description of the outskirts decay coefficient in a solitary wave given by Rayleigh’s solution rather than by a Boussinesq expression. Two other generation procedures based on first-order (KdV) and second order shallow water theories are also tested. Solitary waves generated by the latter are of much lower quality than those generated with Rayleigh or Boussinesq-based procedures.
86 citations