Experimental Investigation of Radiative Transfer Between Metallic Surfaces at Cryogenic Temperatures
01 Aug 1970-Journal of Heat Transfer-transactions of The Asme (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)-Vol. 92, Iss: 3, pp 412-416
TL;DR: Radiative heat flux between two parallel copper disks at cryogenic temperature, showing dependence on emitter temperature and spacing as discussed by the authors, showing that the radii flux depends on the number of parallel disks.
Abstract: Radiative heat flux between two parallel copper disks at cryogenic temperature, showing dependence on emitter temperature and spacing
Citations
More filters
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign1, Massachusetts Institute of Technology2, Harvard University3, Stanford University4, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute5, Pennsylvania State University6, University of California, Berkeley7, Brown University8, University of Florida9, University of Texas at Austin10
TL;DR: In this article, a review of thermal transport at the nanoscale is presented, emphasizing developments in experiment, theory, and computation in the past ten years and summarizes the present status of the field.
Abstract: A diverse spectrum of technology drivers such as improved thermal barriers, higher efficiency thermoelectric energy conversion, phase-change memory, heat-assisted magnetic recording, thermal management of nanoscale electronics, and nanoparticles for thermal medical therapies are motivating studies of the applied physics of thermal transport at the nanoscale. This review emphasizes developments in experiment, theory, and computation in the past ten years and summarizes the present status of the field. Interfaces become increasingly important on small length scales. Research during the past decade has extended studies of interfaces between simple metals and inorganic crystals to interfaces with molecular materials and liquids with systematic control of interface chemistry and physics. At separations on the order of ∼1 nm, the science of radiative transport through nanoscale gaps overlaps with thermal conduction by the coupling of electronic and vibrational excitations across weakly bonded or rough interface...
1,307 citations
TL;DR: It is experimentally demonstrated that surface phonon polaritons dramatically enhance energy transfer between two surfaces at small gaps by measuring radiation heat transfer between a microsphere and a flat surface down to 30 nm separation.
Abstract: Surface phonon polaritons are electromagnetic waves that propagate along the interfaces of polar dielectrics and exhibit a large local-field enhancement near the interfaces at infrared frequencies. Theoretical calculations show that such surface waves can lead to breakdown of the Planck’s blackbody radiation law in the near field. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that surface phonon polaritons dramatically enhance energy transfer between two surfaces at small gaps by measuring radiation heat transfer between a microsphere and a flat surface down to 30 nm separation. The corresponding heat transfer coefficients at nanoscale gaps are 3 orders of magnitude larger than that of the blackbody radiation limit. The high energy flux can be exploited to develop new radiative cooling and thermophotovoltaic technologies.
729 citations
TL;DR: The study of thermal radiation is one of the most universal physical phenomena, and its study has played a key role in the history of modern physics as mentioned in this paper. But our understanding of this subject has been traditionally bas...
Abstract: Thermal radiation is one of the most universal physical phenomena, and its study has played a key role in the history of modern physics. Our understanding of this subject has been traditionally bas...
585 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a concise introduction into the radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale and discuss the contribution of propagating, frustrated and coupled surface modes, which results in a heat flux, which can exceed the heat flux between two black bodies by several orders of magnitude for distances.
Abstract: We give a concise introduction into the radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale
discussing the contribution of propagating, frustrated and coupled surface modes [1].
Especially, the latter contribution results in a heat flux, which can exceed the
heat flux between two black bodies by several orders of magnitude for distances
in the nanometer regime [1]. The prediction of such an enormous heat flux enhancement
is usually based on Rytov's fluctuational electrodynamics [2] and has been verified in
some very recent experiments [3,4,5]. Our aim is to show how the theoretical expression
describing the nanoscale heat flux can be interpreted in terms of transmission coefficients
and the universal quantum of thermal conductance by means of concepts
of mesoscopic physics [6]. Such a formulation allows for studying the fundamental
limits of radiative heat transfer [7,8] emphasizing the trade-off between the number
of contributing modes and their transmission coefficient.
[1] K. Joulain, J.-P. Mulet, F. Marquier, R. Carminati, and J.-J. Greffet, Surface Science Reports 57, 59 (2005).
[2] S. M. Rytov, Y. A. Kravtsov, and V. I. Tatarskii, Principles of Statistical Radiophyics (Springer, New York), Vol. 3. (1989).
[3] S. Shen, A. Narayanaswamy, and G. Chen, Nano Lett. 9, 2909 (2009).
[4] E. Rousseau, A. Siria, G. Jourdan, S. Volz, F. Comin, J. Chevrier, and J.-J. Greffet, Nature Photonics 3, 514 (2009).
[5] R. Ottens, V. Quetschke, S. Wise, A. Alemi, R. Lundock, G. Mueller, D. H. Reitze, D. B. Tanner, B. F. Whiting, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 014301 (2011).
[6] S.-A. Biehs, E. Rousseau, and J.-J. Greffet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 234301 (2010).
[7] P. Ben-Abdallah and K. Joulain, Phys. Rev. B 82, 121419 (R) (2010).
[8] S. Basu and Z. M. Zhang, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 093535 (2009).
547 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the fundamentals of near-field thermal radiation and outline the recent advances in this field and discuss the application of near field thermal radiation in near field thermophotovoltaic devices.
Abstract: Understanding energy transfer via near-field thermal radiation is critical for the future advances of nanotechnology. Evanescent waves and photon tunneling are responsible for the near-field energy transfer being several orders of magnitude greater than that between two blackbodies. The enhanced energy transfer may be used for improving the performance of energy conversion devices, developing novel nanofabrication techniques, and imaging nanostructures with higher spatial resolution. Near-field heat transfer can be analyzed using fluctuational electrodynamics. This article reviews the fundamentals of near-field radiation and outlines the recent advances in this field. Important results are presented for near-field energy transfer between parallel plates and between multilayered structures. Application of near-field thermal radiation in near-field thermophotovoltaic devices is also discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
436 citations