Experimental, numerical and analytical investigation of free vibrational behavior of GFRP-stiffened composite cylindrical shells
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the vibration characteristics of stiffened composite cylindrical shells using experimental, numerical and analytical techniques, and established a theoretical formulation based on Sanders' thin shell theory.
About: This article is published in Composite Structures.The article was published on 2015-02-01. It has received 60 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Ritz method & Finite element method.
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TL;DR: A detailed classification of the existing types of GFs and CFs, highlighting their basic properties, is presented in this article, where the main properties (mechanical, vibrational, environmental, tribological and thermal) of GFRP and CFRP composites are summarized and documented with results from the literature.
Abstract: Over the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the study of lightweight composite materials. Due to their tailorable properties and unique characteristics (high strength, flexibility and stiffness), glass (GFs) and carbon (CFs) fibers are widely used in the production of advanced polymer matrix composites. Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) and Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites have been developed by different fabrication methods and are extensively used for diverse engineering applications. A considerable amount of research papers have been published on GFRP and CFRP composites, but most of them focused on particular aspects. Therefore, in this review paper, a detailed classification of the existing types of GFs and CFs, highlighting their basic properties, is presented. Further, the oldest to the newest manufacturing techniques of GFRP and CFRP composites have been collected and described in detail. Furthermore, advantages, limitations and future trends of manufacturing methodologies are emphasized. The main properties (mechanical, vibrational, environmental, tribological and thermal) of GFRP and CFRP composites were summarized and documented with results from the literature. Finally, applications and future research directions of FRP composites are addressed. The database presented herein enables a comprehensive understanding of the GFRP and CFRP composites’ behavior and it can serve as a basis for developing models for predicting their behavior.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the rotational and ply level uncertainty of random natural frequency for laminated composite conical shells was quantified by using surrogate modeling approach and the stochastic eigenvalue problem was solved by using QR iteration algorithm.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental and numerical validation of VCT approach was presented and discussed for the prediction of the buckling load of the grid-stiffened composite cylindrical shells loaded in compression.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new analytical approach is developed for global buckling of composite sandwich cylindrical shells with lattice cores under uniaxial compression by using the smeared stiffener method.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the crushing characteristics and failure modes of multiple filament winding hybrid tubes and explore the typical load-displacement curves, failure modes, effects of winding plies, winding angle and interaction on crashworthiness.
Abstract: This study aims to explore the crushing characteristics and failure modes of multiple filament winding hybrid tubes. Two types of hybrid tubes, namely Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP)/carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP)/aluminum (Al) hybrid tubes and CFRP/Al, were fabricated by the filament winding process. The typical load-displacement curves, failure modes, effects of winding plies, winding angle and interaction on crashworthiness were explored. It showed that the failure modes of hybrid specimens were predominated by progressive brittle crack, delamination mode in CFRP layers and diamond failure mode in aluminum tube. Increasing hybrid plies increased the specific energy absorption ( S E A ), energy absorption ( E A ) and peak crushing force ( P C F ). The P C F of the hybrid tubes decreased with increasing CFRP winding angle from 30° to 60° (winding angle of 0° was along the axial direction of the tube) while the hybrid tubes with the winding angle of 45° showed the highest S E A and E A . A theoretical analysis was conducted on the effect of interaction on load bearing capacity and it is showed that the interactions between different materials can effectively enhance energy absorption. A comparison among the filament winding, vacuum bag forming and nested manufacturing processes was performed and the filament winding technique exhibited the highest improvement in crashworthiness of CFRP/Al hybrid tubes.
38 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of the properties of a continuous fiber-reinforced Lamina and its effect on the strength of the composite components, including the elasticity and robustness of the components.
Abstract: Introduction Basic Concepts Constituent Materials for Composites Structural Applications of Composites Multifunctional Applications of Composites Fabrication Processes Elements of Mechanical Behavior of Composites Review of Basic Mechanics of Materials Equations Lamina Stress-Strain Relationships Introduction Effective Moduli in Stress-Strain Relationships Symmetry in Stress-Strain Relationships Orthotropic and Isotropic Engineering Constants The Specially Orthotropic Lamina The Generally Orthotropic Lamina Effective Moduli of a Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Lamina Introduction Elementary Mechanics of Materials Models Improved Mechanics of Materials Models Elasticity Models Semiempirical Models Strength of a Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Lamina Introduction Multiaxial Strength Criteria Micromechanics Models for Lamina Strength Analysis of Lamina Hygrothermal Behavior Introduction Hygrothermal Degradation of Properties Lamina Stress-Strain Relationships Including Hygrothermal Effects Micromechanics Models for Hygrothermal Properties Analysis of a Discontinuously Reinforced Lamina Introduction Aligned Discontinuous Fibers Off-Axis-Aligned Discontinuous Fibers Randomly Oriented Discontinuous Fibers Nanofibers and Nanotubes Particulates Hybrid Multiscale Reinforcements Analysis of Laminates Introduction Theory of Laminated Beams Theory of Laminated Plates with Coupling Stiffness Characteristics of Selected Laminate Configurations Derivation and Use of Laminate Compliances Hygrothermal Effects in Laminates Interlaminar Stresses Laminate Strength Analysis Deflection and Buckling of Laminates Selection of Laminate Designs Application of Laminate Analysis to Composite Structures Analysis of Viscoelastic and Dynamic Behavior Introduction Linear Viscoelastic Behavior of Composites Dynamic Behavior of Composites Nanoenhancement of Viscoelastic and Dynamic Properties Analysis of Fracture Introduction Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Through-Thickness Cracks Stress Fracture Criteria for Through-Thickness Notches Interlaminar Fracture Nanoenhancement of Fracture Toughness Mechanical Testing of Composites and Their Constituents Introduction Measurement of Constituent Material Properties Measurement of Basic Composite Properties Measurement of Viscoelastic and Dynamic Properties Measurement of Hygrothermal Properties Appendix A: Matrix Concepts and Operations Appendix B: Stress Equilibrium Equations Appendix C: Strain-Displacement Equations Index Problems and References appear at the end of each chapter.
1,636 citations
TL;DR: Theories and finite elements for multilayered structures have been reviewed in this article, where the authors present an extensive numerical evaluation of available results, along with assessment and benchmarking.
Abstract: This work is a sequel of a previous author’s article: “Theories and Finite Elements for Multilayered. Anisotropic, Composite Plates and Shell”, Archive of Computational Methods in Engineering Vol 9, no 2, 2002; in which a literature overview of available modelings for layered flat and curved structures was given. The two following topics, which were not addressed in the previous work, are detailed in this review: 1. derivation of governing equations and finite element matrices for some of the most relevant plate/shell theories; 2. to present an extensive numerical evaluations of available results, along with assessment and benchmarking. The article content has been divided into four parts. An introduction to this review content is given in Part I. A unified description of several modelings based on displacements and transverse stress assumptions ins given in Part II. The order of the expansion in the thickness directions has been taken as a free parameter. Two-dimensional modelings which include Zig-Zag effects, Interlaminar Continuity as well as Layer-Wise (LW), and Equivalent Single Layer (ESL) description have been addressed. Part III quotes governing equations and FE matrices which have been written in a unified manner by making an extensive use of arrays notations. Governing differential equations of double curved shells and finite element matrices of multilayered plates are considered. Principle of Virtual Displacement (PVD) and Reissner’s Mixed Variational Theorem (RMVT), have been employed as statements to drive variationally consistent conditions, e.g.C
0
-Requirements, on the assumed displacements and stransverse stress fields. The number of the nodes in the element has been taken as a free parameter. As a results both differential governing equations and finite element matrices have been written in terms of a few 3×3 fundamental nuclei which have 9 only terms each. A vast and detailed numerical investigation has been given in Part IV. Performances of available theories and finite elements have been compared by building about 40 tables and 16 figures. More than fifty available theories and finite elements have been compared to those developed in the framework of the unified notation discussed in Parts II and III. Closed form solutions and and finite element results related to bending and vibration of plates and shells have been addressed. Zig-zag effects and interlaminar continuity have been evaluated for a number of problems. Different possibilities to get transverse normal stresses have been compared. LW results have been systematically compared to ESL ones. Detailed evaluations of transverse normal stress effects are given. Exhaustive assessment has been conducted in the Tables 28–39 which compare more than 40 models to evaluate local and global response of layered structures. A final Meyer-Piening problem is used to asses two-dimensional modelings vs local effects description.
951 citations
Book•
01 Aug 2014
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of different shell theories for nonlinear vibrations and stability of circular cylindrical shells is presented. But the authors do not consider the effect of boundary conditions on the large-amplitude vibrations of circular cylinders.
Abstract: Introduction. 1. Nonlinear theories of elasticity of plates and shells 2. Nonlinear theories of doubly curved shells for conventional and advanced materials 3. Introduction to nonlinear dynamics 4. Vibrations of rectangular plates 5. Vibrations of empty and fluid-filled circular cylindrical 6. Reduced order models: proper orthogonal decomposition and nonlinear normal modes 7. Comparison of different shell theories for nonlinear vibrations and stability of circular cylindrical shells 8. Effect of boundary conditions on a large-amplitude vibrations of circular cylindrical shells 9. Vibrations of circular cylindrical panels with different boundary conditions 10. Nonlinear vibrations and stability of doubly-curved shallow-shells: isotropic and laminated materials 11. Meshless discretization of plates and shells of complex shapes by using the R-functions 12. Vibrations of circular plates and rotating disks 13. Nonlinear stability of circular cylindrical shells under static and dynamic axial loads 14. Nonlinear stability and vibrations of circular shells conveying flow 15. Nonlinear supersonic flutter of circular cylindrical shells with imperfections.
862 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of available theories and finite elements that have been developed for multilayered, anisotropic, composite plate and shell structures is presented. But, although a comprehensive description of several techniques and approaches is given, most of this paper has been devoted to the so called axiomatic theories and related finite element implementations.
Abstract: This work is an overview of available theories and finite elements that have been developed for multilayered, anisotropic, composite plate and shell structures. Although a comprehensive description of several techniques and approaches is given, most of this paper has been devoted to the so called axiomatic theories and related finite element implementations. Most of the theories and finite elements that have been proposed over the last thirty years are in fact based on these types of approaches. The paper has been divided into three parts. Part I, has been devoted to the description of possible approaches to plate and shell structures: 3D approaches, continuum based methods, axiomatic and asymptotic two-dimensional theories, classical and mixed formulations, equivalent single layer and layer wise variable descriptions are considered (the number of the unknown variables is considered to be independent of the number of the constitutive layers in the equivalent single layer case). Complicating effects that have been introduced by anisotropic behavior and layered constructions, such as high transverse deformability, zig-zag effects and interlaminar continuity, have been discussed and summarized by the acronimC
-Requirements. Two-dimensional theories have been dealt with in Part II. Contributions based on axiomatic, asymtotic and continuum based approaches have been overviewed. Classical theories and their refinements are first considered. Both case of equivalent single-layer and layer-wise variables descriptions are discussed. The so-called zig-zag theories are then discussed. A complete and detailed overview has been conducted for this type of theory which relies on an approach that is entirely originated and devoted to layered constructions. Formulas and contributions related to the three possible zig-zag approaches, i.e. Lekhnitskii-Ren, Ambartsumian-Whitney-Rath-Das, Reissner-Murakami-Carrera ones have been presented and overviewed, taking into account the findings of a recent historical note provided by the author. Finite Element FE implementations are examined in Part III. The possible developments of finite elements for layered plates and shells are first outlined. FEs based on the theories considered in Part II are discussed along with those approaches which consist of a specific application of finite element techniques, such as hybrid methods and so-called global/local techniques. The extension of finite elements that were originally developed for isotropic one layered structures to multilayerd plates and shells are first discussed. Works based on classical and refined theories as well as on equivalent single layer and layer-wise descriptions have been overviewed. Development of available zig-zag finite elements has been considered for the three cases of zig-zag theories. Finite elements based on other approches are also discussed. Among these, FEs based on asymtotic theories, degenerate continuum approaches, stress resultant methods, asymtotic methods, hierarchy-p,_-s global/local techniques as well as mixed and hybrid formulations have been overviewed.
839 citations