Explaining self-esteem differences between Chinese and North Americans: Dialectical self (vs. self-consistency) or lack of positive self-regard
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Cites background from "Explaining self-esteem differences ..."
...Lee (1979) provides an example of such a society from his fieldwork with the !Kung San of Southern Africa....
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References
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Additional excerpts
...The Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965) is one of the mostly widely used measures of global self-esteem in cross-cultural research....
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"Explaining self-esteem differences ..." refers background in this paper
...Additionally, among North Americans, self-esteem is related to promotionoriented self-perceptions and self-regulatory processes (see Taylor & Brown, 1988)....
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1,985 citations
"Explaining self-esteem differences ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Using the RSES, past research has revealed marked East –West differences in both self-esteem levels and the psychological importance of self-esteem (see Heine et al., 1999)....
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...Third, compared to North Americans, East Asians have lower scores on standard self-esteem measures (Heine et al., 1999)....
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1,425 citations
"Explaining self-esteem differences ..." refers background in this paper
...…the next game, a student from a poor family will become rich one day, two kindergarten children who have been fighting will become friends one day, and a trend in the growth rates of the world economy or the worldwide death rate for cancer will reverse in the future (see also Peng & Nisbett, 1999)....
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1,176 citations
"Explaining self-esteem differences ..." refers methods in this paper
...For example, Higgins et al. (2000) used the Regulatory Focus Scale to measure promotion focus (concern with achieving valued goals) and prevention focus (concern with avoiding negative consequences)....
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