Expression of M-N#1, a histo-blood group B–like antigen, is strongly up-regulated in nonapoptosing mammary epithelial cells during rat mammary gland involution
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...Note that the lactating mammary gland sample is overloaded to permit a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) signal to be seen because we have previously shown that GAPDH expression is up-regulated during mammary gland involution (Mengwasser and Sleeman, 2001)....
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...The essentially blood group B antigen M-N1 is strongly up-regulated in involuting mammary glands (Mengwasser and Sleeman, 2001)....
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...Additionally, dexamethasone treatment inhibits tissue remodeling but not apoptosis in involuting mammary glands (Lund et al., 1996; Li et al., 1997; Mengwasser and Sleeman, 2001; data presented herein) and also suppresses galectin-3 expression (Figure 3, Figure 5, Table II)....
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...We have previously demonstrated that the M-N1 antigen is not expressed on apoptosing cells in this context (Mengwasser and Sleeman, 2001)....
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...Glucocorticoid hormones have been reported to be able to inhibit the second stage of involution in postlactating animals (Lund et al., 1996; Li et al., 1997; Mengwasser and Sleeman, 2001)....
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Cites background from "Expression of M-N#1, a histo-blood ..."
...It was shown that a histo-blood group B-like antigen is strongly upregulated during rat mammary gland involution, implying that this antigen might either provide a survival function and/ or be expressed in epithelial cells destined to remodel mammary ducts (Mengwasser and Sleeman 2001)....
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"Expression of M-N#1, a histo-blood ..." refers background in this paper
...On the other hand, subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone was observed to inhibit the second phase on involution without affecting apoptosis induction (Lund et al., 1996; Li et al., 1996)....
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...Changes in the expression of a number of different genes during mammary gland involution have been described, including decreased expression of milk protein genes and up-regulated expression of bcl-2 family members, interleukin-1β converting enzyme, sulfated glycoprotein-2, and TIMP-1 (Lund et al., 1996; Li et al., 1996)....
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...In the second phase, proteases degrade extracellular matrix and basement membrane components, and the lobular-alveolar structures collapse (Lund et al., 1996)....
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...Mammary involution occurs in two stages: a first, reversible stage controlled by local factors in which alveolar structure remains intact; and a second stage dependent on systemic hormone levels, which is characterized by alveolar collapse and tissue remodeling and which begins around 4 days postweaning (Lund et al., 1996; Li et al., 1997)....
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...During involution the mammary gland is restructured through the coordinated processes of apoptosis of luminal epithelial, myoeptithelial, and endothelial cells and lobular-alveolar remodeling (Pitelka, 1988; Lund et al., 1996; Strange et al., 1992)....
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