Extinction risk from climate change
Chris D. Thomas,Alison Cameron,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Michel Bakkenes,Linda J. Beaumont,Yvonne C. Collingham,Barend F.N. Erasmus,Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira,Alan Grainger,Lee Hannah,Lesley Hughes,Brian Huntley,Albert S. van Jaarsveld,Guy F. Midgley,Lera Miles,Lera Miles,Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta,A. Townsend Peterson,Oliver L. Phillips,Stephen E. Williams +20 more
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TLDR
Estimates of extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.Abstract:
Climate change over the past approximately 30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions and abundances of species and has been implicated in one species-level extinction. Using projections of species' distributions for future climate scenarios, we assess extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface. Exploring three approaches in which the estimated probability of extinction shows a power-law relationship with geographical range size, we predict, on the basis of mid-range climate-warming scenarios for 2050, that 15-37% of species in our sample of regions and taxa will be 'committed to extinction'. When the average of the three methods and two dispersal scenarios is taken, minimal climate-warming scenarios produce lower projections of species committed to extinction ( approximately 18%) than mid-range ( approximately 24%) and maximum-change ( approximately 35%) scenarios. These estimates show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.read more
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Mapping More of Terrestrial Biodiversity for Global Conservation Assessment
Simon Ferrier,George V. N. Powell,Karen Richardson,Glenn Manion,Jake J.M. Overton,Thomas F. Allnutt,Susan E. Cameron,Kellie Mantle,Neil D. Burgess,Daniel D.R. Faith,John F. Lamoreux,Gerold Kier,Robert J. Hijmans,Vicki A. Funk,Gerasimos Cassis,Brian L. Fisher,Paul Flemons,David C. Lees,Jon C. Lovett,Renaat Van Rompaey +19 more
TL;DR: A new approach to describing and mapping the global distribution of terrestrial biodiversity that focuses on estimating spatial pattern in emergent properties of biodiversity (richness and compositional turnover) rather than distributions of individual species, making it well suited to lesser-known, yet highly diverse, biological groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and bet-hedging: interactions between increased soil temperatures and seed bank persistence
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of increased temperatures on the longevity and dynamics of the persistent soil seed banks of eight ephemeral species from arid Australia and found that the predicted global temperature increases under climate change will be reflected in increased soil temperatures, and that seeds in the soil seed bank will be exposed to long durations of high temperatures over the summer months.
Biomass-Bioenergy Crops in the United States: A Changing Paradigm
Jane M. F. Johnson,Mark D. Coleman,Russ W. Gesch,Abdullah A. Jaradat,Rob Mitchell,Don C. Reicosky,Wally Wilhelm +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on avoiding potential negative environment consequences of new bioenergy technologies and presents strategies on how this may be achieved, and emphasize avoiding negative environmental consequences of these technologies and present strategies to protect soil, water, and climate resources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and its implications for Australia's freshwater fish
John R. Morrongiello,John R. Morrongiello,John R. Morrongiello,Stephen J. Beatty,James C. Bennett,James C. Bennett,David A. Crook,David A. Crook,David N. E. N. Ikedife,Mark J. Kennard,Adam Kerezsy,Adam Kerezsy,Mark Lintermans,Dale G. McNeil,Dale G. McNeil,Bradley James Pusey,Thomas S. Rayner +16 more
TL;DR: Climate change seriously threatens the persistence of many of Australia’s freshwater fish species, especially of those with limited ranges or specific habitat requirements, or of those that are already occurring close to physiological tolerance limits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced plant–soil feedback of plant species expanding their range as compared to natives
Roy H. A. van Grunsven,Wim H. van der Putten,T. Martijn Bezemer,Wil L. M. Tamis,Frank Berendse,Elmar Veenendaal +5 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that plant species that expand their range as a result of climate change may become released from soil pathogenic activity, and range expansion may result in enemy release patterns that are similar to artificially introduced invasive exotic plant species.
References
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