Extinction risk from climate change
Chris D. Thomas,Alison Cameron,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Michel Bakkenes,Linda J. Beaumont,Yvonne C. Collingham,Barend F.N. Erasmus,Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira,Alan Grainger,Lee Hannah,Lesley Hughes,Brian Huntley,Albert S. van Jaarsveld,Guy F. Midgley,Lera Miles,Lera Miles,Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta,A. Townsend Peterson,Oliver L. Phillips,Stephen E. Williams +20 more
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Estimates of extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.Abstract:
Climate change over the past approximately 30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions and abundances of species and has been implicated in one species-level extinction. Using projections of species' distributions for future climate scenarios, we assess extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface. Exploring three approaches in which the estimated probability of extinction shows a power-law relationship with geographical range size, we predict, on the basis of mid-range climate-warming scenarios for 2050, that 15-37% of species in our sample of regions and taxa will be 'committed to extinction'. When the average of the three methods and two dispersal scenarios is taken, minimal climate-warming scenarios produce lower projections of species committed to extinction ( approximately 18%) than mid-range ( approximately 24%) and maximum-change ( approximately 35%) scenarios. These estimates show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.read more
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Applications of species distribution modeling to paleobiology
Jens-Christian Svenning,Camilla Fløjgaard,Katharine A. Marske,David Nogués-Bravo,Signe Normand +4 more
TL;DR: The SDM approach offers important opportunities for advances in paleobiology by providing a quantitative ecological perspective, and also offers the potential for an enhanced contribution of paleo- and neobiology to ecology and conservation biology, e.g., for estimating climate change impacts and for informing ecological restoration.
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Mitigating CO2 emissions from energy use in the world's buildings
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Adaptation of forests and people to climate change - a global assessment report.
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent studies of climate-forest relationships with emphasis on indications and mechanisms of change during recent decades is presented, where the authors identify and mitigate some conditions that increase vulnerability to climate change in the forest sector.
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MigClim: Predicting plant distribution and dispersal in a changing climate
Robin Engler,Antoine Guisan +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a model called MigClim was developed to simulate plant dispersal under climate change and landscape fragmentation scenarios, and several simulations were run for two virtual species by varying dispersal distance and other parameters.
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Emerging threats to tropical forests
TL;DR: The drivers of tropical forest destruction and key perils to biodiversity have changed over the past one to two decades and will continue to evolve in the future Industrial drivers of forest conversion have escalated in importance, buoyed by rapid globalization, economic growth, and rising standards of living in developing nations Bio fuels are likely to grow rapidly as a driver of future forest destruction Climate change is increasingly emerging as a potentially serious driver of change in the tropics, and some fauna, such as amphibians, are being decimated by emerging pathogens as discussed by the authors.
References
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