Journal ArticleDOI
Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Recent progress in understanding extracellular vesicle biology and the role of extrace cellular vesicles in disease is reviewed, emerging therapeutic opportunities are discussed and the associated challenges are considered.Abstract:
Within the past decade, extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication, being involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells in both prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes to regulate a diverse range of biological processes. In addition, pathophysiological roles for extracellular vesicles are beginning to be recognized in diseases including cancer, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting potential novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Moreover, both unmodified and engineered extracellular vesicles are likely to have applications in macromolecular drug delivery. Here, we review recent progress in understanding extracellular vesicle biology and the role of extracellular vesicles in disease, discuss emerging therapeutic opportunities and consider the associated challenges.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Pancreatic cancer exosomes initiate pre-metastatic niche formation in the liver
Bruno Costa-Silva,Nicole M. Aiello,Allyson J. Ocean,Swarnima Singh,Haiying Zhang,Basant Kumar Thakur,Basant Kumar Thakur,Annette Becker,Ayuko Hoshino,Milica Tesic Mark,Henrik Molina,Jenny Xiang,Tuo Zhang,Till Martin Theilen,Guillermo García-Santos,Caitlin Williams,Yonathan Ararso,Yujie Huang,Gonçalo Rodrigues,Tang-Long Shen,Knut Jørgen Labori,Inger Marie Bowitz Lothe,Elin H. Kure,Jonathan M. Hernandez,Alexandre Doussot,Saya H. Ebbesen,Paul M. Grandgenett,Michael A. Hollingsworth,Maneesh Jain,Kavita Mallya,Surinder K. Batra,William R. Jarnagin,Robert E. Schwartz,Irina Matei,Héctor Peinado,Ben Z. Stanger,Jacqueline Bromberg,David Lyden,David Lyden +38 more
TL;DR: It is shown that PDAC-derived exosomes induce liver pre-metastatic niche formation in naive mice and consequently increase liver metastatic burden and suggests that exosomal MIF primes the liver for metastasis and may be a prognostic marker for the development of PDAC liver metastasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of immune responses by extracellular vesicles
TL;DR: Given the tremendous therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles, this Review focuses on their role in modulating immune responses, as well as their potential therapeutic applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Based Nanomedicine.
Bowen Yang,Yu Chen,Jianlin Shi +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the intrinsic biochemical properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) underlie the mechanisms that regulate various physiological functions of living organisms, and they play an essential role in regulating various physiological function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma
Richard J. Lobb,Melanie Becker,Shu Wen Wen,Christina S. F. Wong,Adrian P. Wiegmans,Antoine Leimgruber,Andreas Möller +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols, and it is demonstrated that size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depletion of microglia and inhibition of exosome synthesis halt tau propagation
Hirohide Asai,Seiko Ikezu,Satoshi Tsunoda,Maria Medalla,Jennifer I. Luebke,Tarik F. Haydar,Benjamin Wolozin,Oleg Butovsky,Sebastian Kügler,Tsuneya Ikezu +9 more
TL;DR: It is found that depleting microglia dramatically suppressed the propagation of tau and reduced excitability in the dentate gyrus in this mouse model, and this data suggest that microglian involvement in tau propagation and the exosome secretion pathway may be a therapeutic target.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TL;DR: It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes from Cell Culture Supernatants and Biological Fluids
TL;DR: This unit describes different approaches for exosome purification from various sources, and discusses methods to evaluate the purity and homogeneity of the purified exosomes preparations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers
Johan Skog,T. Wurdinger,van Rijn S,Dimphna H. Meijer,Gainche L,Miguel Sena-Esteves,William T. Curry,Bob S. Carter,Anna M. Krichevsky,Xandra O. Breakefield +9 more
TL;DR: Tumour-derived microvesicles may provide diagnostic information and aid in therapeutic decisions for cancer patients through a blood test by incorporating an mRNA for a reporter protein into them, and it is demonstrated that messages delivered by microvesicle are translated by recipient cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes
TL;DR: It is shown that exosomes—endogenous nano-vesicles that transport RNAs and proteins—can deliver short interfering (si)RNA to the brain in mice, and the therapeutic potential of exosome-mediated siRNA delivery was demonstrated by the strong mRNA and protein knockdown of BACE1, a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease, in wild-type mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses
TL;DR: The role of membrane vesicles, in particular exosomes, in the communication between immune cells, and between tumour and immune cells is focused on.