Extracting bias using the cross-bispectrum: An EoR and 21 cm-[CII]-[CII] case study

TLDR: In this article, the authors exploit the dependence of the 21 cm-CII]-[CII] cross-bispectrum on the shape of triangle configurations in Fourier space.

Abstract: The amplitude of redshifted 21 cm fluctuations during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is expected to show a distinctive "rise and fall" behavior with decreasing redshift as reionization proceeds. On large scales (k b_21(z) using a combination of future redshifted 21 cm and [CII] line-intensity mapping data sets. Our method exploits the dependence of the 21 cm-[CII]-[CII] cross-bispectrum on the shape of triangle configurations in Fourier space. This allows one to determine b_21(z) yet, importantly, is less sensitive to foreground contamination than the 21 cm auto-spectrum, and so can provide a valuable cross-check. We compare the results of simulated bispectra with second-order perturbation theory: on large scales the perturbative estimate of b_21(z) matches the true value to within 10% for <~ 0.8. We consider the 21 cm auto-bispectrum and show that this statistic may also be used to extract the 21 cm bias factor. Finally, we discuss the survey requirements for measuring the cross-bispectrum. Although we focus on the 21 cm-[CII]-[CII] bispectrum during reionization, our method may be of broader interest and can be applied to any two fields throughout cosmic history.