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Extracting Metallic Nanoparticles from Soils for Quantitative Analysis: Method Development Using Engineered Silver Nanoparticles and SP-ICP-MS

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TLDR
The nanoparticulate Ag extracted by this method represents the upper limit of the potentially dispersible nanopartsiculate fraction, thus providing a benchmark with which to make quantitative comparisons, while presenting a suspension suitable for a myriad of other characterization analyses.
Abstract
The lack of an efficient and standardized method to disperse soil particles and quantitatively subsample the nanoparticulate fraction for characterization analyses is hindering progress in assessing the fate and toxicity of metallic engineered nanomaterials in the soil environment. This study investigates various soil extraction and extract preparation techniques for their ability to remove nanoparticulate Ag from a field soil amended with biosolids contaminated with engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), while presenting a suitable suspension for quantitative single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (SP-ICP-MS) analysis. Extraction parameters investigated included reagent type (water, NaNO3, KNO3, tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)), soil-to-reagent ratio, homogenization techniques as well as procedures commonly used to separate nanoparticles from larger colloids prior to analysis (filtration, centrifugation, and sedimentation). We assessed the ef...

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Silver nanoparticles: Toxicity in model organisms as an overview of its hazard for human health and the environment

TL;DR: The current state of the art and perspectives for the impact of AgNPs on different organisms present in the environment are reported and recent progress in interpreting uptake, translocation and accumulation mechanisms in different organisms and/or living animals are discussed, as well as the toxicity ofAgNPs and possible tolerance mechanisms in live organisms to cope with their deleterious effects.
Journal ArticleDOI

A critical review of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry – A step towards an ideal method for nanomaterial characterization

TL;DR: In this article, a review of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) is presented, where the authors identify necessary improvements and suggest directions for further developments which have the potential to bring the method closer to the ideal method for atomic spectroscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI

Significant contribution of metastable particulate organic matter to natural formation of silver nanoparticles in soils

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that POM reduces silver ions to AgNPs under solar irradiation, by producing superoxide radicals from phenol-like groups, which is likely widespread within surface environments and is expected to significantly influence the biogeochemical cycling of Ag and other contaminants that are reactive towards phenol -like groups.
Journal ArticleDOI

Analytical approaches for characterizing and quantifying engineered nanoparticles in biological matrices from an (eco)toxicological perspective: old challenges, new methods and techniques.

TL;DR: Those modern techniques and methods that can be used to extract, characterize, and quantify ENPs in biological matrices for (eco)toxicological purposes are introduced and a decision scheme and analytical toolbox are presented to help orient scientists toward selecting appropriate ways for investigating the ( eco)toxicity of ENPs that are consistent with their properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles

TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
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Ion Release Kinetics and Particle Persistence in Aqueous Nano-Silver Colloids

TL;DR: An empirical kinetic law is proposed that reproduces the observed effects of dissolution time, pH, humic/fulvic acid content, and temperature observed here in the low range of nanosilver concentration most relevant for the environment.
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Nano-silver – a review of available data and knowledge gaps in human and environmental risk assessment

TL;DR: In this article, an inventory is made to identify knowledge gaps that have to be filled before risks for both man and the environment can be assessed as reliable as for ‘non-nanosized’ chemicals.
Journal ArticleDOI

Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: a critical review

TL;DR: The toxic range of all the three metal-containing NPs to target- and non-target organisms overlaps, indicating that the leaching of biocidal NPs from consumer products should be addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Silver nanoparticle impact on bacterial growth: effect of pH, concentration, and organic matter.

TL;DR: Solubility and interactions with SRHA indicate that there was a specific nanoparticle effect which could not be explained by the effect of dissolved Ag, and this impact on Pseudomonas fluorescens is investigated.
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