Proceedings ArticleDOI
Fabrication of lightweight silicon x-ray mirrors for high-resolution x-ray optics
Raul E. Riveros,Raul E. Riveros,Michael P. Biskach,Kim D. Allgood,John D. Kearney,Michal Hlinka,Ai Numata,William W. Zhang +7 more
- Vol. 10699, pp 140-145
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TLDR
In this article, the authors report an overview of the X-ray mirror manufacturing process and the most recent results, including traditional grinding, lapping, and polishing methods adapted to Xray mirror geometry.Abstract:
At NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, we consistently produce affordable lightweight sub-arcsecond X-ray mirrors made of directly polished single crystal silicon. Silicon is favored for its high stiffness, low density, high thermal conductivity, zero internal stress, and commercial availability. Our manufacturing process includes traditional grinding, lapping, and polishing methods adapted to X-ray mirror geometry. These mirrors promise to meet the stringent requirements of various planned X-ray telescope missions. Presently, we are refining the many steps involved in our manufacturing process. This paper reports an overview of our mirror manufacturing process and the most recent results.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
High-Resolution, Lightweight, and Low-cost X-Ray Optics for the Lynx Observatory
William W. Zhang,Kim D. Allgood,Michael P. Biskach,Kai-Wing Chan,Michal Hlinka,John D. Kearney,James R. Mazzarella,Ryan S. McClelland,Ai Numata,Raul E. Riveros,Timo T. Saha,Peter M. Solly +11 more
TL;DR: An approach to build an x-ray mirror assembly that can meet Lynx’s requirements of high-angular resolution, large effective area, light weight, short production schedule, and low-production cost is described.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Astronomical x-ray optics using mono-crystalline silicon: high resolution, light weight, and low cost
William W. Zhang,Kim D. Allgood,Michael P. Biskach,Kai-Wing Chan,Kai-Wing Chan,Michal Hlinka,John D. Kearney,James R. Mazzarella,Ryan S. McClelland,Ai Numata,Raul E. Riveros,Raul E. Riveros,Timo T. Saha,Peter M. Solly +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, an approach based on the precision polishing of mono-crystalline silicon to fabricate thin and lightweight X-ray mirrors of the highest figure quality and micro-roughness was proposed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Reflective Coatings for the Future X-Ray Mirror Substrates
Hideyuki Mori,Takashi Okajima,William W. Zhang,Kai-Wing Chan,Kai-Wing Chan,Richard Koenecke,James R. Mazzarella,Ai Numata,L. Olsen,Raul E. Riveros,M. Yukita +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a reflective coating by magnetron sputtering deposition onto precisely-fabricated thin X-ray mirrors was developed to remove distortion induced by the coating and then keep their surface pro les.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compensating film stress in thin silicon substrates using ion implantation.
TL;DR: Ion implantation is demonstrated for stress compensation of 30 nm thick chromium films applied to the front of five silicon wafers, which can be restored to the pre-coating shape to within 60 nm RMS, in most cases within 1/20th of the coating deformation.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Alignment and bonding of silicon mirrors for high-resolution astronomical x-ray optics
Kai-Wing Chan,Kai-Wing Chan,James R. Mazzarella,Timo T. Saha,William W. Zhang,Ryan S. McClelland,Michael P. Biskach,Peter M. Solly,Raul E. Riveros,Raul E. Riveros,Ai Numata +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the recent results of the integration of high-resolution x-ray telescopes at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) with a resolution of 2¼-3¼ HPD (half-ower diameter).
References
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Leon P. Van Speybroeck,Diab Jerius,Richard J. Edgar,Terrance J. Gaetz,Ping Zhao,Paul B. Reid +5 more
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Fabrication of the NuSTAR flight optics
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TL;DR: The NuSTAR flight optics modules are glass-graphite-epoxy-composite structures to be employed for the first time in space-based X-ray optics by NuSTAR, a NASA Small Penetrator Space Explorer schedule for launch in February 2012.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Monocrystalline silicon and the meta-shell approach to building x-ray astronomical optics
William W. Zhang,Kim D. Allgood,Michael P. Biskach,Kai-Wing Chan,Kai-Wing Chan,Michal Hlinka,John D. Kearney,James R. Mazzarella,Ryan S. McClelland,Ai Numata,L. Olsen,Raul E. Riveros,Raul E. Riveros,Timo T. Saha,Peter M. Solly +14 more
TL;DR: A technology development program whose objective is to meet this three-fold requirement of making astronomical X-ray optics: angular resolution, photon-collecting area, and production cost, based on precision polishing of monocrystalline silicon for making a large number of mirror segments and on the metashell approach to integrate them into a mirror assembly.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Fabrication of single crystal silicon mirror substrates for X-ray astronomical missions
Raul E. Riveros,Vincent T. Bly,Linette D. Kolos,Kevin P. McKeon,James R. Mazzarella,Timothy M. Miller,William W. Zhang +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the early pursuit of suitable fabrication technologies for the mass production of sub-arcsecond angular resolution single-crystal silicon mirror substrates for X-ray telescopes.