Journal ArticleDOI
Failure to escape traumatic electric shock: Incompatible skeletal-motor responses or learned helplessness?☆
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Ten dogs, the passive DRO (differential reinforcement of other behavior) group, were trained to escape electric shock in a Pavlov harness by inhibiting the head movements normally elicited by that electric shock by reducing the intensity of the shock.About:
This article is published in Learning and Motivation.The article was published on 1970-05-01. It has received 81 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Learned helplessness.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Learned helplessness: Theory and evidence.
TL;DR: The learned helplessness hypothesis is proposed, which argues that when events are uncontrollable the organism learns that its behavior and outcomes are independent, and that this learning produces the motivational, cognitive, and emotional effects of uncontrollabi lity.
Journal ArticleDOI
The development of anxiety: The role of control in the early environment.
TL;DR: Findings in the area of anxiety and depression, helplessness, locus of control, explanatory style, animal learning, biology, parenting, attachment theory, and childhood stress and resilience are reviewed to articulate a model of the environmental influences on the development of anxiety.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generality of learned helplessness in man.
TL;DR: Learned helplessness, the interference with instrumental responding following inescapable aversive events, has been found in animals and man as discussed by the authors, suggesting that learned helplessness may be an induced "trait."
Book ChapterDOI
Responses to Uncontrollable Outcomes: An Integration of Reactance Theory and the Learned Helplessness Model
Camille B. Wortman,Jack W. Brehm +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how individuals react when they are unable to exert control over their environment, when they were unable to have options or reach goals that are important to them, or when they would not voluntarily choose.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learned helplessness in the rat.
TL;DR: Rats, as well as dogs, fail to escape shock as a function of prior inescapability, exhibiting learned helplessness.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Failure to Escape Traumatic Shock
TL;DR: Dogs which had first learned to panel press in a harness in order to escape shock subsequently showed normal acquisition of escape/ avoidance behavior in a shuttle box, supporting a learned "helplessness" explanation of interference with escape responding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of inescapable shock upon subsequent escape and avoidance responding.
TL;DR: Exposure of dogs to inescapable shocks under a variety of conditions reliably interfered with subsequent instrumental escape-avoidance responding in a new situation, indicating that interference is not due to acquisition, during the period of exposure to in unavoidable shocks, of inappropriate, competing instrumental responses.
Book ChapterDOI
Unpredictable and Uncontrollable Aversive Events
TL;DR: A two-dimensional representation of the operations involved in instrumental training and Pavlovian conditioning is described, which discusses the current status of research and theory concerning these phenomena.