Fatigue and impact strengths of kenaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: effects of fibre treatments
TL;DR: The effects of two fibre treatments (alkali alone treatment and combined alkali-silane treatment) on the fatigue and impact strengths of kenaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites are investigated in this paper.
Abstract: The effects of two fibre treatments (alkali-alone treatment and combined alkali-silane treatment) on the fatigue and impact strengths of kenaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites are investig...
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Nanobiocomposites are exhibiting a higher market volume with the expansion of new technology and green approaches for utilizing biofibers, and manufacturing methods are discussed in the context of potential application in this review.
Abstract: Composite materials reinforced with biofibers and nanomaterials are becoming considerably popular, especially for their light weight, strength, exceptional stiffness, flexural rigidity, damping property, longevity, corrosion, biodegradability, antibacterial, and fire-resistant properties. Beside the traditional thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, nanoparticles are also receiving attention in terms of their potential to improve the functionality and mechanical performances of biocomposites. These remarkable characteristics have made nanobiocomposite materials convenient to apply in aerospace, mechanical, construction, automotive, marine, medical, packaging, and furniture industries, through providing environmental sustainability. Nanoparticles (TiO2, carbon nanotube, rGO, ZnO, and SiO2) are easily compatible with other ingredients (matrix polymer and biofibers) and can thus form nanobiocomposites. Nanobiocomposites are exhibiting a higher market volume with the expansion of new technology and green approaches for utilizing biofibers. The performances of nanobiocomposites depend on the manufacturing processes, types of biofibers used, and the matrix polymer (resin). An overview of different natural fibers (vegetable/plants), nanomaterials, biocomposites, nanobiocomposites, and manufacturing methods are discussed in the context of potential application in this review.
131 citations
Cites methods from "Fatigue and impact strengths of ken..."
...Kenaf Epoxy resin, PLA, and PP Pultrusion and compression molding Bearings, automotive parts, and tooling [86,87]...
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper , the fatigue performance of polypropylene (PP) at various amplitudes and frequencies on fatigue cycles under tensile test conditions is investigated, and the results show that increasing the frequency leads to a decrease in fatigue cycles due to increased cycle time.
Abstract: The fatigue performance of polypropylene (PP) at various amplitudes and frequencies on fatigue cycles under tensile test conditions is investigated in this study. The results show that increasing the frequency leads to a decrease in fatigue cycles due to increased cycle time. The decline rate can be divided into two stages, between 1 and 5 Hz. The first stage rapidly decreases fatigue performance as the frequency increases from 1 Hz to 2 Hz or 3 Hz. The second stage has a lower reduction rate, which occurs between 2 Hz or 3 Hz and 5 Hz due to the strengthening effect of increasing frequency. Furthermore, increasing the amplitude from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm reduces the fatigue cycle due to the higher deformation rate. In summary, expanding both amplitude and frequency reduces the fatigue performance of the PP material. Moreover, according to the scanning electron microscope microstructure, increasing the frequency results in more microcracks in the polymer matrix.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review article about natural fiber-reinforced composites, the commonly used fabrication methods, including fiber pre-treatments, and numerous intermediate steps added to achieve improved bonding, processability, and application prospects are discussed.
Abstract: Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) have gained limelight in many applications during the recent years, owing to their availability, as well as superior mechanical characteristics, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and lightweight. A comprehensive understanding of the manufacturing methods, proeprties and characteristics of natural fibers pave way for begetting a wide spectrum of applications for the NFPCs in automobile, aerospace, electronics, and other engineering fields. The current review article is about natural fiber-reinforced composites, the commonly used fabrication methods, including fiber pre-treatments, and numerous intermediate steps added to achieve improved bonding, processability of these composites, their properties and application prospects. Various state-of-the-art methods like additive manufacturing, vaccum bag molding, and autoclave has also been discussed. The mechanical properties obtained through various fiber reinforcements in accordance with process parameters has a substantial impact in the industrial applications of NFPCs. The tribological applications of NFPCs are becoming increasingly important in order to deal with the mechanical and chemical wear and tear during their service life in contact applications. Flammability behavior and biodegradability assessment of NFPCs are important for high-temperature and outdoor environmental applications of these materials. The review also includes a comprehensive discussion about the trending applications and future prospects for NFPCs.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) reinforced polypropylene composites are fabricated by compression molding machine and examined as per ASTM.
8 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression molding using a film stacking method.
2,161 citations
"Fatigue and impact strengths of ken..." refers result in this paper
...It is worth noting that the impact strength reported in this study is significantly better than the 14 kJ/m2 reported in a previous work [3] for kenaf/PP composites which also used compression moulding for fabrication....
[...]
01 Sep 2001
TL;DR: In this article, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression molding using a film stacking method.
Abstract: In this work, natural fibres (sisal, kenaf, hemp, jute and coir) reinforced polypropylene composites were processed by compression moulding using a film stacking method. The mechanical properties of the different natural fibre composites were tested and compared. A further comparison was made with the corresponding properties of glass mat reinforced polypropylene composites from the open literature. Kenaf, hemp and sisal composites showed comparable tensile strength and modulus results but in impact properties hemp appears to out-perform kenaf. The tensile modulus, impact strength and the ultimate tensile stress of kenaf reinforced polypropylene composites were found to increase with increasing fibre weight fraction. Coir fibre composites displayed the lowest mechanical properties, but their impact strength was higher than that of jute and kenaf composites. In most cases the specific properties of the natural fibre composites were found to compare favourably with those of glass.
1,963 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive overview of surface treatments applied to natural fibres for advanced composites applications is presented, where the effects of different chemical treatments on cellulosic fibres that are used as reinforcements for thermoset and thermoplastics are studied.
Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive overview on different surface treatments applied to natural fibres for advanced composites applications. In practice, the major drawbacks of using natural fibres are their high degree of moisture absorption and poor dimensional stability. The primary objective of surface treatments on natural fibres is to maximize the bonding strength so as the stress transferability in the composites. The overall mechanical properties of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites are highly dependent on the morphology, aspect ratio, hydrophilic tendency and dimensional stability of the fibres used. The effects of different chemical treatments on cellulosic fibres that are used as reinforcements for thermoset and thermoplastics are studied. The chemical sources for the treatments include alkali, silane, acetylation, benzoylation, acrylation and acrylonitrile grafting, maleated coupling agents, permanganate, peroxide, isocyanate, stearic acid, sodium chlorite, triazine, fatty acid derivate (oleoyl chloride) and fungal. The significance of chemically-treated natural fibres is seen through the improvement of mechanical strength and dimensional stability of resultant composites as compared with a pristine sample.
1,158 citations
"Fatigue and impact strengths of ken..." refers background in this paper
...The mechanism of the reaction involved in the silane treatment can be explained as follows [7,9]: The dilution of silane in water produces silanol molecules through the hydrolization of the ethoxy groups....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface treatment of natural fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface is discussed, with particular attention paid to the surface treatments of fibers and improvements of the fiber interface.
Abstract: Compared to most synthetic fibers, natural fibers are low-cost, are easier to handle, have good specific mechanical properties, and require only around 20–40% of the production energy. Using natural materials and modern construction techniques reduces construction waste and increases energy efficiency while promoting the concept of sustainability. Several drawbacks of natural composites which would be even more pronounced in their use in infrastructure include their higher moisture absorption, inferior fire resistance, lower mechanical properties and durability, variation in quality and price, and difficulty using established manufacturing practices when compared to synthetic composites. Many researchers have been working to address these issues, with particular attention paid to the surface treatment of fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface. Because of their positive economic and environmental outlook, as well as their ability to uniquely meet human needs worldwide, natural composites are showing a good potential for use in infrastructure applications.
972 citations
TL;DR: A review of biocomposites highlighting recent studies and developments in natural fibers, bio-polymers, and various surface modifications of natural fibers to improve fiber-matrix adhesion is presented in this paper.
Abstract: A review of biocomposites highlighting recent studies and developments in natural fibers, bio-polymers, and various surface modifications of natural fibers to improve fiber-matrix adhesion is presented. One of the most important factors which determine the final performance of the composite materials is the quality of the fiber-matrix interface. A sufficient degree of adhesion between the surface of hydrophilic ligno-cellulosic natural fibers and the polymer matrix resin is usually desired to achieve optimum performance of the biocomposite. Dewaxing, alkali treatment, isocyanate treatment, peroxide treatment, vinyl grafting, bleaching, acetylation, and treatment with coupling agents are useful ways to improve fiber-matrix adhesion in natural fiber composites. Two major areas of biocomposites will be discussed in this article. One is the most predominant biocomposite currently being commercialized for semi-structural use in the durable goods industries, e.g. auto-industries, i.e. natural fiber-polypropylen...
911 citations
"Fatigue and impact strengths of ken..." refers background in this paper
...Various options including chemical treatments of the fibres and the use of compatibilizers have been suggested as means to improve the fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion [8,9]....
[...]