Fatores de risco para incontinência urinária na mulher
01 Mar 2008-Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da Usp (Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem)-Vol. 42, Iss: 1, pp 187-192
TL;DR: A enfermeira pode, por meio of anamnese, identificar estes fatores e realizar intervencoes para a prevencao e tratamento da IU, contribuindo para melhorar a qualidade de vida da mulher incontinente.
Abstract: Trata-se de um estudo de revisao bibliografica com o objetivo de identificar os principais fatores de risco ou associados a incontinencia urinaria (IU) na mulher. Utilizou-se a base de dados MEDLINE e LILACS e pesquisa em bibliotecas dos artigos publicados entre 1983 e 2003. Foram analisadas trinta e oito publicacoes em ingles e portugues, as quais relataram como os principais fatores de risco: idade, trauma do assoalho pelvico, fatores hereditarios, raca, menopausa, obesidade, doencas cronicas, uso de alguns simpaticomimeticos e parasimpaticoliticos, constipacao, tabagismo, consumo de cafeina e exercicios intensos na regiao abdominal. A enfermeira pode, por meio de anamnese, identificar estes fatores e realizar intervencoes para a prevencao e tratamento da IU, contribuindo para melhorar a qualidade de vida da mulher incontinente.
Citations
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TL;DR: A systematic review of the prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports showed a 36% prevalence, and compared with sedentary women, the athletes had a 177% higher risk of presenting with UI.
Abstract: Urinary incontinence (UI) is any involuntary loss of urine. In female athletes, physical exercise may be a risk factor for UI because of increased intra-abdominal pressure generated during high-impact exercises, which overloads the pelvic organs, predisposing them to UI. This is a systematic review of the prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports. A search for articles was carried out in the PEDro, Scopus, Cinahl, PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases as well as a manual search of the references of studies already published on the subject with the keywords “athlete,” “urinary incontinence,” and “women” in Portuguese and English. Only articles published from 2000 to 2016 were included. Observational studies assessing the prevalence of UI in female athletes were selected. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs and Black scale, and the data collected from the studies were analyzed through meta-analysis. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed a 36% prevalence of UI in female athletes in different sports, and compared with sedentary women, the athletes had a 177% higher risk of presenting with UI. There is a higher prevalence of UI in female athletes compared with sedentary women. There have been reports of UI in different sports.
74 citations
Cites background from "Fatores de risco para incontinência..."
...Associated with these factors, other causes are loss of bladder capacity, pelvic floor injuries, hypoestrogenism, and increased intra-abdominal pressure, among others [8]....
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TL;DR: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated factors in the institutionalized elderly, a large number of patients were referred to the hospital for treatment withstanding the risk of adverse events.
Abstract: Aims
To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and associated factors in the institutionalized elderly.
Methods
A cross-sectional study is presented herein, conducted between October and December 2013, in 10 nursing homes in the city of Natal (Northeast Brazil). Individuals over the age of 60, who reside in institutions, were included. Hospitalized individuals and those at end of life were excluded. Data collection included sociodemographic information, UI characterization, as well as variables related to the institution itself and to health conditions (comorbidities, medication, pelvic floor surgery, Barthel Index for functional capacity, and Pfeiffer test for cognitive status). UI was verified through the Minimum Data Set (MDS) version 3.0, which was also used to assess urinary devices and UI toileting programs. The Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test), the linear Chi-square test, and logistic regression were utilized to model associations.
Results
The final sample consisted of 321 elderly, mostly females, with a mean age of 81.5 years. The prevalence of UI was 58.88% (CI 95%: 53.42–64.13) and the final model revealed a statistically significant association between UI and white race, physical inactivity, stroke, mobility impairment, and cognitive decline. The most frequent UI type was functional UI and toileting programs (prompted voiding) were only applied to approximately 8% of residents.
Conclusions
It is concluded that UI is a health issue that affects more than half of the institutionalized elderly, and is associated with white race, physical inactivity, stroke, and other geriatric syndromes such as immobility and cognitive disability. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianopolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil were determined.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianopolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions). RESULTS: Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.
39 citations
TL;DR: AG had better pelvic floor muscle function and the prevalence of UI was higher in this group, which suggested the influence of age on the urinary continence mechanism.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the presence of urinary incontinence and compare perineal muscle function among physically active and sedentary older women. METHODS: The sample consisted of 39 elderly women, 28 of whom got regular physical activity (AG) and 11 did not (SG). We collected data on risk factors for pelvic floor weakness and the presence of urinary incontinence (UI). The evaluation of perineal function was performed using PERFECT and perineometry. The data were processed with descriptive (simple frequencies, percentages, measures of position and dispersion) and inferential statistics (Chi-square or Fisher Exact Test, when necessary, and Mann-Whitney) with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: There was a higher mean age (p=0.04) in AG. The occurrence of UI in the sample was 56.4%. Urge UI was associated with SG (p=0.022). All PERFECT variables were higher in AG than SG, with significant differences for the variables "repetitions" (p=0.008) and "fast" (p=0.022). Perineometry revealed that fast twitch fibers (p=0.008) and slow twitch fibers (p=0.05) were higher in the AG. CONCLUSION: AG had better pelvic floor muscle function. However, the prevalence of UI was higher in this group, which suggested the influence of age on the urinary continence mechanism.
35 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence of urinary incontinence found is within the registered parameters for this age group, and the number of pregnancies increased UI, and elderly women with three or more pregnancies were proportionally more affected.
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria (IU) e fatores associados em idosas da comunidade. METODOS: Estudo transversal no qual foram entrevistadas idosas com 60 anos de idade ou mais que frequentavam um centro voltado exclusivamente a idosos em Pelotas-RS, Brasil. Foram utilizados como instrumentos desta pesquisa o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) e um questionario com informacoes complementares, que verificou fatores associados para a incontinencia urinaria. Alem de estatistica descritiva, foi utilizado o teste t de Student para comparacao das medias das variaveis quantitativas. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 132 idosas na faixa etaria de 60 a 91 anos, com media de idade igual a 68,56 anos (dp±6,24). Em relacao a perda de urina, a prevalencia encontrada foi de 40,91% (95% IC = 32,6-49,2). Do total de mulheres analisadas, encontrou-se um indice de massa corporal (IMC) medio de 25,7Kg/m2 (dp±4,06), sendo que das idosas consideradas incontinentes foi demonstrado que 59,2% apresentavam IMC≥27Kg/m2 (p<0.01), ou seja, com sobrepeso. CONCLUSOES: A prevalencia de IU encontrada (40,91%) esta dentro dos parâmetros registrados para esta faixa etaria. Outro dado relevante e que o numero de gestacoes aumentou a presenca de IU, sendo que aquelas idosas que apresentaram tres ou mais gestacoes foram proporcionalmente mais atingidas. O impacto da IU na qualidade de vida foi considerado ausente ou leve pela maioria das idosas, demonstrando que, provavelmente, a IU esteja em estagio inicial e nao interfira de forma significativa no cotidiano dessas mulheres. Torna-se ainda relevante destacar que o diagnostico precoce permite o tratamento adequado em tempo habil, evitando maiores comprometimentos e melhorando a qualidade de vida.
24 citations
References
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TL;DR: The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardistation sub-committee of the International Continence Society.
Abstract: The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardistation sub-committee of the International Continence Society.
7,467 citations
TL;DR: The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International ContinenceSociety.
4,293 citations
TL;DR: Urinary leakage is highly prevalent in an unselected female population in Norway and seven percent of the participating women have significant incontinence and should be regarded as potential patients.
1,171 citations
TL;DR: The risk of urinary incontinence is higher among women who have had cesarean sections than among nulliparous women and is even higher amongWomen who has had vaginal deliveries, however, these findings should not be used to justify an increase in the use of cesAREan sections.
Abstract: background It is uncertain whether women who deliver by cesarean section have an increased risk of urinary incontinence as compared with nulliparous women and whether women who deliver vaginally have an even higher risk. methods We studied 15,307 women enrolled in the Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trondelag (EPINCONT) study, which involved a community-based cohort. The data base for this study was linked to data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We included women who answered questions related to urinary incontinence, were younger than 65 years of age, and had had no deliveries, cesarean sections only, or vaginal deliveries only. results The prevalence of any incontinence was 10.1 percent in the nulliparous group; agestandardized prevalences were 15.9 percent in the cesarean-section group and 21.0 percent in the vaginal-delivery group. Corresponding figures for moderate or severe incontinence were 3.7 percent, 6.2 percent, and 8.7 percent, respectively; figures for stress incontinence were 4.7 percent, 6.9 percent, and 12.2 percent, respectively; figures for urge incontinence were 1.6 percent, 2.2 percent, and 1.8 percent, respectively; and figures for mixed-type incontinence were 3.1 percent, 5.3 percent, and 6.1 percent, respectively. As compared with nulliparous women, women who had cesarean sections had an adjusted odds ratio for any incontinence of 1.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 1.9) and an adjusted odds ratio for moderate or severe incontinence of 1.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.1). Only stress and mixed-type incontinence were significantly associated with cesarean sections. The adjusted odds ratio for any incontinence associated with vaginal deliveries as compared with cesarean sections was 1.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.1), and the adjusted odds ratio for moderate or severe incontinence was 2.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 3.1). Only stress incontinence (adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 3.2) was associated with the mode of delivery. conclusions The risk of urinary incontinence is higher among women who have had cesarean sections than among nulliparous women and is even higher among women who have had vaginal deliveries. However, these findings should not be used to justify an increase in the use of cesarean sections.
680 citations
TL;DR: Epidemiologic results indicate that women who smoke cigarettes are relatively estrogen-deficient, and smoking appears to alter the metabolism of estradiol, leading to enhanced formation of the inactive catechol estrogens in postmenopausal women.
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