Journal ArticleDOI
Feeding Problems and Nutrient Intake in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-analysis and Comprehensive Review of the Literature
William G. Sharp,Rashelle C. Berry,Courtney McCracken,Nadrat N. Nuhu,Elizabeth Marvel,Celine Saulnier,Ami Klin,Warren Jones,David L. Jaquess +8 more
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TLDR
Results indicated children with ASD experienced significantly more feeding problems versus peers, and future research must address critical questions regarding the cause, long-term impact, and remediation of atypical feeding in this population.Abstract:
We conducted a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of research regarding feeding problems and nutrient status among children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) The systematic search yielded 17 prospective studies involving a comparison group Using rigorous meta-analysis techniques, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) with standard error and corresponding odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) Results indicated children with ASD experienced significantly more feeding problems versus peers, with an overall SMD of 089 (008) and a corresponding OR of 511, 95 % CI 374–697 Nutrient analyses indicated significantly lower intake of calcium (SMD: −065 [029]; OR: 031, 95 % CI 011–085) and protein (SMD: −058 [025]; OR: 035, 95 % CI: 014–056) in ASD Future research must address critical questions regarding the cause, long-term impact, and remediation of atypical feeding in this populationread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced Incidence of Prevotella and Other Fermenters in Intestinal Microflora of Autistic Children
Dae Wook Kang,Jin Park,Zehra Esra Ilhan,Garrick Wallstrom,Joshua LaBaer,James B. Adams,Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown +6 more
TL;DR: Autism and accompanying GI symptoms were characterized by distinct and less diverse gut microbial compositions with lower levels of Prevotella, Coprococcus, and unclassified Veillonellaceae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification, Evaluation, and Management of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
TL;DR: This single clinical report updates the 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics clinical reports on the evaluation and treatment of ASD in one publication with an online table of contents and section view available to help the reader identify topic areas within the report.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis
TL;DR: Results indicate greater prevalence ofGI symptoms among children with ASD compared with control children, and future research must address critical questions about the causes and long-term impact of GI symptoms in ASD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental risk factors for autism: an evidence-based review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
TL;DR: Future studies of ASD risk factors would benefit from a developmental psychopathology approach, prospective design, precise exposure measurement, reliable timing of exposure in relation to critical developmental periods and should take into account the dynamic interplay between gene and environment by using genetically informed designs.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiome: Stress, Health and Disease
TL;DR: The concept of a microbiome–brain–gut axis is emerging which suggests that modulation of the gut microflora may be a tractable strategy for developing novel therapeutics for complex stress-related CNS disorders where there is a huge unmet medical need.
References
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Book
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
TL;DR: Funnel plots, plots of the trials' effect estimates against sample size, are skewed and asymmetrical in the presence of publication bias and other biases Funnel plot asymmetry, measured by regression analysis, predicts discordance of results when meta-analyses are compared with single large trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis.
Sue Duval,Richard L. Tweedie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a rank-based data augmentation technique is proposed for estimating the number of missing studies that might exist in a meta-analysis and the effect that these studies might have had on its outcome.
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Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders
TL;DR: The revised interview has been reorganized, shortened, modified to be appropriate for children with mental ages from about 18 months into adulthood and linked to ICD-10 and DSM-IV criteria.