Feulgen microspectrophotometric estimation of nuclear DNA of species and varieties of three different genera of Marantaceae
01 Jul 1984-Vol. 93, Iss: 3, pp 337-347
TL;DR: The variation in 4C DNA amounts between the species of Calathea was not distinct but in two species of Maranta, a notable variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded and the amount of nuclear DNA did not show direct correlation with the total chromosome length and volume.
Abstract: Karyological analysis including determination of somatic chromosome number, total chromosome length, volume and karyotype formula andin situ estimation of 4C-nuclear DNA amount were carried out on 14 different species and varieties of the generaCalathea, Maranta andStromanthe. The 4C nuclear DNA amount was estimated through Feulgen microspectrophotometry following single wavelength method and expressed in arbitrary units of relative absorbances. The variation in 4C DNA amounts between the species ofCalathea was not distinct but in two species ofMaranta, a notable variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded. In addition, the amount of nuclear DNA did not show direct correlation with the total chromosome length and volume. The absence of wide difference in nuclear DNA content at an interspecific level might have some adaptive value.
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TL;DR: This paper lists DNA C-values for 807 angiosperm species from 70 original sources, including 520 from sources published after 1996, and 691 for species not included in any of the previous five lists.
391 citations
Cites result from "Feulgen microspectrophotometric est..."
...This factor was obtained as the mean ratio of the estimates for Maranta bicolor (0.1734 a.u.) and Stromanthe sanguinea (0.2254 a.u.) obtained by Sharma and Mukhopadhyay (1984) and by L. Hanson at RBG, Kew (4C 2.09 pg and 2.68 pg, respectively)....
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TL;DR: The structural alteration of chromosomes as well as loss or addition of highly repetitive sequences in the genome showed variation in the DNA amount at cultivar level, but a marginal variation in nuclear DNA content at the cultivarlevel indicated a close relationship between them.
Abstract: Extensive karyotype analysis including determination of somatic chromosome number, total chromosome length and volume and estimation of 4C DNA amount were carried out on 9 different cultivars of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) for the first time. A significant variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded at the cultivar level. The 4C DNA amount varied from 19.663-24.102 pg in the cultivars studied. The correlation coefficient studies showed that the 4C DNA content and genomic chromosome volume were interdependent. The structural alteration of chromosomes as well as loss or addition of highly repetitive sequences in the genome showed variation in the DNA amount at cultivar level, but a marginal variation in nuclear DNA content at the cultivar level indicated a close relationship between them.
28 citations
TL;DR: Investigation on karyotype, 4C nuclear DNA amount and interphase nuclear volume (INV) of different HimalayanBupleurum species belonging to Umbelliferae revealed genetic differentiation.
Abstract: Investigation on karyotype, 4C nuclear DNA amount and interphase nuclear volume (INV) of different HimalayanBupleurum species belonging toUmbelliferae revealed genetic differentiation. Numerical and structural alternation of chromosomes in interspecific level were manifested in their statistically significant altered species specific 4C nuclear DNA content. Somatic chromosome number ranged between 2n = 14 and 2n = 16.B. himalayense was reported for the first time having 2n = 16 chromosomes. Correlation coefficient among the various chromosomal and nuclear parameters showed no significant progressive or regressive interdependence except in between INV and nuclear DNA amount. Critical differences between 4C DNA content showed interspecific variation.
28 citations
TL;DR: The absence of wide differences in nuclear DNA content in the varietal level indicate a close relationship between Coriandrum sativum L. and 4C, which have played a vital role in intervarietal DNA variation.
Abstract: Extensive karyological analysis including determination of somatic chromosome number, total chromosome length and volume and estimation of 4C DNA amount were carried out on 8 different varieties of Coriandrum sativum L. A significant variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded in the varietal level. The structural alteration of chromosome as well as loss or addition of highly repetitive sequences in the genome have played a vital role in intervarietal DNA variation. The absence of wide differences in nuclear DNA content in the varietal level indicate a close relationship between them.
26 citations
TL;DR: Dysploid variation, polyploidy and, to a lesser extend, hybridization may be the main factors in chromosome number evolution of the family Marantaceae.
Abstract: Karyotype analyses in species of the family Marantaceae (550 species, 31 genera) were conducted to shed light on the reported strong variation of chromosome number and size and the occurrence of polyploidy. Special attention was paid to the alterations in basic chromosome numbers, karyotypes and ploidy levels. Taxon sampling covered the whole distribution area of Marantaceae in Africa, Asia and America. We applied mitotic chromosome counting using conventional rapid squash techniques in 43 accessions (39 species, 16 genera), evaluated literature records for 51 species and conducted karyotype analyses. Eleven different somatic chromosome numbers were found (2n = 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 33, 44, 36, 52, 65, 72). Based on the presumed basic chromosome numbers of x = 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, this may correspond to diploid, triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid and octoploid levels, respectively. Dysploid variation, polyploidy and, to a lesser extend, hybridization may be the main factors in chromosome number evolution of the family. Our results also point to a certain degree of association with species diversification and geographical patterns.
18 citations
Additional excerpts
...1968; Sharma and Mukhopadhyay 1984; Hanson et al....
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References
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TL;DR: Cell and nuclear volumes were determined for 17 species and plant types in the genus Gossypium and all species and types showed a significant positive association between nuclear and cell volume.
Abstract: Cell and nuclear volumes were determined for 17 species and plant types in the genus Gossypium. All species and types, except one, showed a significant positive association between nuclear and cell volume. The overall species r-value (0.694) for cell and nuclear volume is highly significant and positive. For the 17 plant forms, the r-values for association of DNA content and nuclear volume and for association of DNA content and cell volume are 0.625 and 0.655, respectively, and both are highly significant.
36 citations
TL;DR: Chromosome numbers have been determined and karyotypes studied in several species of the genus Briza L. minor, and an attempt made to relate nuclear DNA content to karyotype, breeding systems and habit in the different species.
Abstract: Chromosome numbers have been determined and karyotypes studied in several species of the genus Briza L. Nuclear DNA amounts have also been determined for some of the species and show a considerable variation between the species. The evolution of the karyotypes, particularly that of B. minor, is discussed and an attempt made to relate nuclear DNA content to karyotypes, breeding systems and habit in the different species.
36 citations
TL;DR: There are significant differences in nuclear DNA amount between Eu-Sorghum species and it is suggested that the lower DNA concentration may reflect a lower proportion of heterochromatin relative to euchromatin in the wild as compared with the cultivated forms.
Abstract: There are significant differences in nuclear DNA amount between Eu-Sorghum species. The DNA variation is considerable. For example Sorghum durra has 63 per cent more DNA than Sorghum roxburghii. Increase in nuclear DNA is accompanied by increase in the mass of the nucleolus and of non-nucleolar material including the chromosomes. The ratio of DNA to non-DNA material is constant between species. The DNA concentration per unit volume at interphase in somatic nuclei and per unit of chromosome length is significantly lower in the wild species S. sudanense and S. virgatum than in the cultivated species S. caudatum, S. conspicuum, S. durra and S. roxburghii. It is suggested that the lower DNA concentration may reflect a lower proportion of heterochromatin relative to euchromatin in the wild as compared with the cultivated forms.
33 citations
TL;DR: The amount of DNA per nucleus and the dry mass of isolated nuclei does not vary significantly between the six diploid species investigated and in polyploids the nuclear dry mass is less than expected from the values obtained for the diploids.
Abstract: The amount of DNA per nucleus and the dry mass of isolated nuclei does not vary significantly between the six diploid species investigated. No differences were found either between tetraploid species or between hexaploids. Between the diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids taken as groups there was respectively a 1, 2 and 3 ratio maintained for the amount of DNA. For chromosome volume significant differences were found between the tetraploids but not in 2x or 6x series. Correlations are shown between chromosome volume, nuclear DNA content and nuclear dry mass. In polyploids the nuclear dry mass is less than expected from the values obtained for the diploids.
30 citations
TL;DR: The results show that A. hydrophilus and M. brevilingulata, with a chromosome number of n = 9, have less nuclear DNA than other closely related species which are either n = 4 or n = 5.
Abstract: A B S T RA C T Relative amounts of nuclear DNA were determined in root tip cells of seven species of Astereae: Aster hydrophilus Greene, A. oblongifolius Nutt., A. riparius H.B.K., Machaeranthera boltoniae (Greene) Turner and Horne, M. brevilingulata (Sch-Bip.) Turner and Horne, M. parviflora Gray, and M. tenuis (S. Wats.) Turner and Horne. The results show that A. hydrophilus and M. brevilingulata, with a chromosome number of n = 9, have less nuclear DNA than other closely related species which are either n = 4 or n = 5. Cytological analyses of meiosis in the intergeneric hybrid M. parviflora X A. hydrophilus showed cells with two or more small chromosomes of the latter species pairing with single large chromosomes of the former. Pachytene cells of the hybrids M. parviflora X A. hydrophilus, M. parviflora X A. riparius, and M. boltoniae X M. tenuis showed some unpaired chromosome segments. The significance of these results to chromosome evolution in the tribe Astereae is discussed.
30 citations
"Feulgen microspectrophotometric est..." refers background in this paper
...Extensive studies have been carried out in later years on in situ quantitation ofDSA at interspecific and at intergeneric levels (Chooi 1971; Paroda and Rees 1971; EI-Lakany 1972; Martini and Brunori 1973; Smith and Bennett 1975; Stucky and Jackson 1975; Teoh and Rees 1976; Iyenger and Sen 1978; Nagato et al 1981; Ohri et al 1981; Resslar et al 1981)....
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