Fiber Raman gain amplifier performance study using simple coupled-mode analysis
TL;DR: In this paper, a premier report based on coupledmode analysis (CMA) is presented to analyze and predict the performance of fiber Raman gain amplifier (FRGA) for the first time, as per our knowledge, using coaxial structure consisting of step-index profiles in both inner and outer cores in terms of effective area.
Abstract: The propagation characteristics of doped fiber amplifier have, already, been analyzed using simple coupled-mode analysis (CMA), which steers the interests to apply this simple theory to study the amplification performance of fiber Raman gain amplifier (FRGA) But such study is yet to be done for FRGA In this paper, a premier report based on CMA is presented to analyze and predict the performance of FRGA for first time, as per our knowledge, using coaxial structure consisting of step-index profiles in both inner and outer cores in terms of effective area, Raman gain coefficient, and effective Raman gain coefficient In our investigation, we use single pump to compute and compare our results with the results obtained by involved matrix method and a fairly excellent match over a wide region of frequency shift is reported
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29 Apr 2015
TL;DR: This chapter is a starting point to look around and see where you’re going before you dig into details, and put fiber optics and communications into context and show how they go together.
Abstract: This chapter is a starting point to look around and see where you’re going before you dig into details. The goal is to put fiber optics and communications into context and show how they go together. I start with a personal commentary about the turbulent times of the past several years, then explain the plan for this book. A brief history of fiber optics follows, which introduces some important concepts. Then a brief history of communications explains the need for bandwidth and how fiber optics filled that need, perhaps too well. Finally, I explain some of the terminology of the field to help you in your looking about.
159 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and accurate theoretical investigation is presented, based on a novel, effective, and straight-forward ABCD matrix technique, in relation to estimation of optimum coupling efficiency between the laser diode and the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a hyperbolic microlens (HML) on its tip.
Abstract: A simple and accurate theoretical investigation is presented, based on a novel, effective, and straight- forward ABCD matrix technique, in relation to estimation of optimum coupling efficiency between the laser diode and the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a hyperbolic microlens (HML) on its tip. By tailoring different parameters, such as the air-filling factor and lattice constant of the PCF, the criteria for achieving maximum coupling are predicted and reported for two different light wavelengths of practical interest. It is observed that such fiber parameters play a crucial role in predicting the optimum focal length of HML for a particular wavelength. The formulation should find application in the design of HML, for achieving a long working distance between the laser source facet and the fiber tip. © 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) (DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.54.8 .086102)
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the fiber tip based hyperbolic microlens coupling efficiency of circular core trapezoidal index single mode fiber and a laser diode was theoretically studied and the corresponding analytical expressions were formulated considering ABCD matrix for hyper bolic micro-lens following paraxial approximation and also Gaussian field distributions are considered for both the source and the fiber.
3 citations
References
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Book•
01 Dec 2007TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed analysis of planar optical waveguide and a step-index fiber model for optical fiber communication and demonstrate the properties of a step index fiber.
Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. Basic optics 3. The optical fiber 4. Ray analysis of planar optical waveguide 5. Graded index optical fibers 6. Material dispersion 7. Planar waveguides 8. Characteristics of a step-index fiber 9. Graded Index fibers 10. Waveguide dispersion and design considerations 11. Sources for optical fiber communication 12. Detectors for optical fiber and communication 13. Fiber optic communication system design 14. Optical fiber Amplifiers 15. Dispersion compensation and chirping phenomenon 16. Optical solitons 17. Single-mode fiber optic components 18. Single mode optical fiber sensors 19. Measurement methods in optical fiber: I 20. Measurement methods in optical fibers: II 21. Periodic interactions in waveguides 22. Ray equation in Cartesian coordinates 23. Ray paths 24. Leaky modes.
843 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, Stimulated Raman Scattering in Optical Fibers Raman Pumping in Optical Fiber Communications Distributed Raman amplification along the transmission span Discrete Raman amplifiers Impairments and Limitations to Raman Amplification.
Abstract: Introduction Stimulated Raman Scattering in Optical Fibers Raman Pumping in Optical Fiber Communications Distributed Raman amplification along the transmission span Discrete Raman amplifiers Impairments and Limitations to Raman Amplification.
296 citations
"Fiber Raman gain amplifier performa..." refers background in this paper
...In Equation (6), β1 and β2 are the propagation constants of the inner and the outer cores, respectively....
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...Here, βs and βa are also calculated using the following relation: bs;a ¼ 1 2 b1 þ b2ð Þ 1 4 b1 b2ð Þ2þj2 1=2 (7) where j ¼ ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffij12j21p . κ12 and κ21 are written as j12 ¼ k 2 0 2b1 n21 n22 Za 0 w1w2rdr (8) j21 ¼ k 2 0 2b2 n23 n22 Zc b w1w2rdr (9) In writing the above Equations (8) and (9), the overlap integral of the modes is neglected assuming [15] Z Z1 1 w 1w2dxxy\\ Z Z1 1 w 1w1dxxy (10) which is valid for weak coupling between the waveguides....
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...In this connection, it may be relevant to recall that we have considered weak coupling of the two fiber waveguides following condition in Equation (10)....
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...Further, in terms of the effective area Aeff and the Raman gain coefficient gR, the effective Raman gain coefficient γR is defined as [8–10]: cR ¼ gR Aeff (12) We calculate the above γR from the following wellknown equation [8–10,16] given as: cR ¼ CSiSiðDmÞ 2p Z1 0 1 2xðrÞ½ IpðrÞISigðrÞrdr þ CGeSiðDmÞ 2p Z1 0 2xðrÞIpðrÞISigðrÞrdr (13) where in Equation (13), Δν represents the frequency shift from the pump frequency, whereas x(r) represents the Germania concentration....
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...bs 1⁄4 bs b1 j12 as 1⁄4 bs b2 j21 ba 1⁄4 ba b1 j12 aa 1⁄4 ba b2 j21 (9)>>>= >>; (6)...
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CNET1
TL;DR: In this paper, general propagation properties and universal curves are given for doubly clad single-mode fibers with inner cladding index higher or lower than outer CLadding index, using the two parameters: inner claddings/core radii ratio and inner clacking/core index differences ratio.
Abstract: General propagation properties and universal curves are given for doubly clad single-mode fibers with inner cladding index higher or lower than outer cladding index, using the two parameters: inner cladding/core radii ratio and inner cladding/core index differences ratio. LPO1, LP11, and LPO2 cutoff conditions are examined. It is shown that dispersion properties largely differ from the singly clad single-mode fiber case, leading to large new possibilities for low-loss dispersion-free fibers at any wavelength between 1.3 and 1.7 μm.
200 citations
29 Apr 2015
TL;DR: This chapter is a starting point to look around and see where you’re going before you dig into details, and put fiber optics and communications into context and show how they go together.
Abstract: This chapter is a starting point to look around and see where you’re going before you dig into details. The goal is to put fiber optics and communications into context and show how they go together. I start with a personal commentary about the turbulent times of the past several years, then explain the plan for this book. A brief history of fiber optics follows, which introduces some important concepts. Then a brief history of communications explains the need for bandwidth and how fiber optics filled that need, perhaps too well. Finally, I explain some of the terminology of the field to help you in your looking about.
159 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a technique for calculating the Raman gain spectra of germanosilicate fibers from their index profiles, which depend on radial profiles of the guided optical modes and the glass composition.
Abstract: In this letter, we present a technique for calculating the Raman gain spectra of germanosilicate fibers from their index profiles. The gain spectra depend on radial profiles of the guided optical modes and the glass composition, in particular the distribution of Si-O-Si and Ge-O-Si bridging bonds. We have obtained spectral coefficients, which represent the contributions from these bonds using Raman gain measurements made on a set of calibration fibers with well-characterized index profiles. We describe how these spectral coefficients can be used in the design of Raman gain fibers, and we demonstrate the accuracy of our technique over a broad range of fiber types.
103 citations