Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Aircraft Composite Structures: Recent Advances and Applications.
TL;DR: Recent research and applications in structural health monitoring of composite aircraft structures using FOS have been critically reviewed, considering both the multi-point and distributed sensing techniques.
Abstract: In-service structural health monitoring of composite aircraft structures plays a key role in the assessment of their performance and integrity. In recent years, Fibre Optic Sensors (FOS) have proved to be a potentially excellent technique for real-time in-situ monitoring of these structures due to their numerous advantages, such as immunity to electromagnetic interference, small size, light weight, durability, and high bandwidth, which allows a great number of sensors to operate in the same system, and the possibility to be integrated within the material. However, more effort is still needed to bring the technology to a fully mature readiness level. In this paper, recent research and applications in structural health monitoring of composite aircraft structures using FOS have been critically reviewed, considering both the multi-point and distributed sensing techniques.
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TL;DR: Some advanced applications and key sectors of the global fibre-optic strain sensors market are envisaged, as well as the main market players acting in this field.
Abstract: Fibre Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors are not only a very well-established research field, but they are also acquiring a bigger market share due to their sensitivity and low costs In this paper we review FBG strain sensors with high focus on the underlying physical principles, the interrogation, and the read-out techniques Particular emphasis is given to recent advances in highly-performing, single head FBG, a category FBG strain sensors belong to Different sensing schemes are described, including FBG strain sensors based on mode splitting Their operation principle and performance are reported and compared with the conventional architectures In conclusion, some advanced applications and key sectors the global fibre-optic strain sensors market are envisaged, as well as the main market players acting in this field
280 citations
Cites background from "Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural ..."
...Heart rate Respiratory rate [94] Respiratory movement [95] MRI [94,95] Fuselages [96,97] Rail monitoring [98,99]...
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TL;DR: The requirements for practical implementation and use of structural health monitoring systems in aircraft application, state-of-the-art techniques for solving some practical issues, such as sensor network integration, scalability to large structures, reliability and effect of environmental conditions, robust damage detection and quantification are discussed.
Abstract: Structural health monitoring (SHM) is being widely evaluated by the aerospace industry as a method to improve the safety and reliability of aircraft structures and also reduce operational cost. Built-in sensor networks on an aircraft structure can provide crucial information regarding the condition, damage state and/or service environment of the structure. Among the various types of transducers used for SHM, piezoelectric materials are widely used because they can be employed as either actuators or sensors due to their piezoelectric effect and vice versa. This paper provides a brief overview of piezoelectric transducer-based SHM system technology developed for aircraft applications in the past two decades. The requirements for practical implementation and use of structural health monitoring systems in aircraft application are then introduced. State-of-the-art techniques for solving some practical issues, such as sensor network integration, scalability to large structures, reliability and effect of environmental conditions, robust damage detection and quantification are discussed. Development trend of SHM technology is also discussed.
255 citations
Cites background from "Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural ..."
...From relatively simple monitoring of stress/strain, temperature to direct monitoring of damage is an obvious development trend of SHM [181]....
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TL;DR: An overview of the different types of FOS used for strain/temperature sensing in composite materials and their compatibility with and suitability for embedding inside a composite material is presented.
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the different types of fiber optic sensors (FOS) that can be used with composite materials and also their compatibility with and suitability for embedding inside a composite material. An overview of the different types of FOS used for strain/temperature sensing in composite materials is presented. Recent trends, and future challenges for FOS technology for condition monitoring in smart composite materials are also discussed. This comprehensive review provides essential information for the smart materials industry in selecting of appropriate types of FOS in accordance with end-user requirements.
252 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the optical fiber sensors employed in environmental monitoring are summarized for understanding of their sensing principles and fabrication processes, followed by discussion on the potentials of OFS in manufacturing.
Abstract: Environmental monitoring has become essential in order to deal with environmental resources efficiently and safely in the realm of green technology. Environmental monitoring sensors are required for detection of environmental changes in industrial facilities under harsh conditions, (e.g. underground or subsea pipelines) in both the temporal and spatial domains. The utilization of optical fiber sensors is a promising scheme for environmental monitoring of this kind, owing to advantages including resistance to electromagnetic interference, durability under extreme temperatures and pressures, high transmission rate, light weight, small size, and flexibility. In this paper, the optical fiber sensors employed in environmental monitoring are summarized for understanding of their sensing principles and fabrication processes. Numerous specific applications in petroleum engineering, civil engineering, and agricultural engineering are explored, followed by discussion on the potentials of OFS in manufacturing.
236 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the foundations of fiber-optic chemical sensing or biosensing, including the sensing mechanisms of various fiberoptic sensors, sensing materials and the novel techniques for sensing materials deposition.
171 citations
References
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TL;DR: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology has been extensively studied in the literature as mentioned in this paper, where the basic techniques for fiber grating fabrication, their characteristics, and the fundamental properties of fiber gratings are described.
Abstract: The historical beginnings of photosensitivity and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology are recounted. The basic techniques for fiber grating fabrication, their characteristics, and the fundamental properties of fiber gratings are described. The many applications of fiber grating technology are tabulated, and some selected applications are briefly described.
2,905 citations
"Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural ..." refers background in this paper
...Among possible solutions for SHM, fibre optical sensors (FOS) [6], particularly those based on fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) [7], have been emerging as an increasingly interesting technology due to their distinctive advantages which include higher sensitivity, immunity to electro-magnetic interference and durability....
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TL;DR: The Fibre Bragg grating sensors in optical fibres have been shown to be sensitive to photosensitivity in optical fiber properties as mentioned in this paper, and they have been applied in communications applications.
Abstract: Photosensitivity in optical fibres properties of Fibre Bragg gratings inscribing Bragg gratings in optical fibres Fibre Bragg grating theory applications of Bragg gratings in communications Fibre Bragg grating sensors impact of Fibre Bragg gratings.
1,446 citations
"Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural ..." refers background in this paper
...6 × 10−6 K−1 for a germanium-doped, silica-core fibre have been reported in the literature [28]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the problem of two-dimensional wave propagation in a solid bounded by parallel planes, and proposed a simple solution to the problem, which has no bearing on the questions referred to in this paper.
Abstract: The theory of waves in an infinitely long cylindrical rod was discussed by Pochhammer in 1876 in a well-known paper The somewhat simpler problem of two-dimensional waves in a solid bounded by parallel planes was considered by Lord Rayleigh and by the present writer‡ in 1889 The main object in these various investigations was to verify, or to ascertain small corrections to, the ordinary theory of the vibrations of thin rods or plates, and the wave-length was accordingly assumed in the end to be great in comparison with the thickness It occurred to me some time ago that a further examination of the two-dimensional problem was desirable for more than one reason In the first place, the number of cases in which the various types of vibration of a solid, none of whose dimensions is regarded as small, have been studied is so restricted that any addition to it would have some degree of interest, if merely as a contribution to elastic theory Again, modern seismology has suggested various questions relating to waves and vibrations in an elastic stratum imagined as resting on matter of a different elasticity and density These questions naturally present great mathematical difficulties, and it seemed unpromising to attempt any further discussion of them unless the comparatively simple problem which forms the subject of this paper should be found to admit of a practical solution In itself it has, of course, no bearing on the questions referred to
1,413 citations
"Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural ..." refers methods in this paper
...Since their discovery by Lamb in 1917 [146] and their first application to nondestructive testing in 1957 [147], Lamb waves have been increasingly used in several nondestructive testing (NDT) applications, included aerospace composite structures [4]....
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Book•
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01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The most common fabrication techniques (interferometric, phase mask, and point by point) are examined in detail with reference to the advantages and disadvantages in utilizing them for inscribing Bragg gratings as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Since the discovery of photosensitivity in optical fibers there has been great interest in the fabrication of Bragg gratings within the core of a fiber. The ability to inscribe intracore Bragg gratings in these photosensitive fibers has revolutionized the field of telecommunications and optical fiber based sensor technology. Over the last few years, the number of researchers investigating fundamental, as well as application aspects of these gratings has increased dramatically. This article reviews the technology of Bragg gratings in optical fibers. It introduces the phenomenon of photosensitivity in optical fibers, examines the properties of Bragg gratings, and presents some of the important developments in devices and applications. The most common fabrication techniques (interferometric, phase mask, and point by point) are examined in detail with reference to the advantages and the disadvantages in utilizing them for inscribing Bragg gratings. Reflectivity, bandwidth, temperature, and strain sensitivity of the Bragg reflectors are examined and novel and special Bragg grating structures such as chirped gratings, blazed gratings, phase-shifted gratings, and superimposed multiple gratings are discussed. A formalism for calculating the spectral response of Bragg grating structures is described. Finally, devices and applications for telecommunication and fiber-optic sensors are described, and the impact of this technology on the future of the above areas is discussed.
1,089 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1999
1,052 citations