Fibroblast growth factors, their receptors and signaling.
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TLDR
FGF signaling also appears to play a role in tumor growth and angiogenesis, and autocrine FGF signaling may be particularly important in the progression of steroid hormone-dependent cancers to a hormone-independent state.Abstract:
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are small polypeptide growth factors, all of whom share in common certain structural characteristics, and most of whom bind heparin avidly. Many FGFs contain signal peptides for secretion and are secreted into the extracellular environment, where theycan bind to the heparan-like glycosaminoglycans (HLGAGs) of the extracellular matrix (ECM). From this reservoir, FGFs mayact directlyon target cells, or theycan be released through digestion of the ECM or the activityof a carrier protein, a secreted FGF binding protein. FGFs bind specific receptor tyrosine kinases in the context of HLGAGs and this binding induces receptor dimerization and activation, ultimatelyresulting in the activation of various signal transduction cascades. Some FGFs are potent angiogenic factors and most playimportant roles in embry onic development and wound healing. FGF signaling also appears to playa role in tumor growth and angiogenesis, and autocrine FGF signaling maybe particularlyimportant in the progression of steroid hormone-dependent cancers to a hormone-independent state.read more
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Experimental study of MAP kinase phosphatase-3 (Mkp3) expression in the chick neural tube in relation to Fgf8 activity.
Claudia Vieira,Salvador Martinez +1 more
TL;DR: The cloning of the chick Mkp3 gene that is highly homologous to the mammalian gene and are both expressed in several embryo regions with demonstrated morphogenetic activity is described and a distinct tissue competence to express Mkp 3 rostrally and caudally to the zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI).
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Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 regulates proliferation of cardiac myocytes in normal and hypoplastic left ventricles in the developing chick
Angela deAlmeida,David Sedmera +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that expression of exogenous fibroblast growth factor-2 in the late embryonic heart can exert direct effects on cardiac myocytes, inducing both their proliferation and differentiation, and suggest potential for a novel therapeutic option in selected cases of congenital cardiac disease, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
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The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Substrate 2 (FRS2) in the Regulation of Two Activity Levels of the Components of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) Pathway in the Mouse Epididymis
TL;DR: Data from two models showed that FRS2 played different roles in the regulation of two activity levels of the ERK pathway components in the epididymis, which resulted in an abnormally shaped proximal region or development of granulomas.
Journal ArticleDOI
FGF-10 and its receptor exhibit bidirectional paracrine targeting to urothelial and smooth muscle cells in the lower urinary tract
TL;DR: Observations that describe the mechanism that transduces the mitogenic signal in these tissues are clinically significant because intravesical administration of FGF-10 may provide the clinician a means to control the turnover of transitional epithelium in bladder disorders such as interstitial cystitis.
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Peptides derived from specific interaction sites of the fibroblast growth factor 2-FGF receptor complexes induce receptor activation and signaling.
TL;DR: In this paper, three synthetic peptides, termed canofins, designed based on structural analysis of the interactions between FGF2 and FGFR1, were shown to mimic the cognate ligand interaction with the receptor and preserve the neuritogenic and neuroprotective properties of FGF 2.
References
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Cell surface, heparin-like molecules are required for binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to its high affinity receptor.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that free heparin and heparan sulfate can reconstitute a low affinity receptor that is, in turn, required for the high affinity binding of bFGF.
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Protein modules and signalling networks
TL;DR: This work highlights conserved protein domains that act as key regulatory participants in many of these different signalling pathways in multicellular organisms.
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Thalidomide is an inhibitor of angiogenesis.
TL;DR: Electron microscopic examination of the corneal neovascularization of thalidomide-treated rabbits revealed specific ultrastructural changes similar to those seen in the deformed limb bud vasculature of Thalidomid-treated embryos.
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Receptor specificity of the fibroblast growth factor family.
David M. Ornitz,Jingsong Xu,Jennifer S. Colvin,Donald G. McEwen,Craig A. MacArthur,François Coulier,Guangxia Gao,Mitchell Goldfarb +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that FGF 1 is the only FGF that can activate all FGF receptor splice variants and the relative activity of all the other members of the FGF family is determined.