Fibroblast growth factors, their receptors and signaling.
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...Prostate cancer epithelial cells express all four types of FGF receptors (FGFR-1 to -4) at variable frequencies....
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...This review will therefore focus more narrowly on the role of FGFs and their receptors in normal prostate and prostate cancer since there is an extensive and growing literature in this area....
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...The absence of a consensus secretory signal sequence in HSP70 prompted us to examine whether nonclassical secretion mechanisms characterized in other leaderless proteins such as IL-1 and IL-18 were used by HSP70 (12, 13)....
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310 citations
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...…signaling that we have studied intensively in this report, belongs to a large class of genes, the FGFs, encoding secretory proteins with potent mitogenic and angiogenic roles in embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor development (re- viewed in Dickson et al, 2000; Powers et al, 2000)....
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References
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"Fibroblast growth factors, their re..." refers background in this paper
...One way these recruited target proteins may be localized to the activated receptor is through the interaction between their Src-homology 2 (SH2) domains and specific phosphotyrosine residues on the activated receptor (Pawson 1995)....
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...Phosphorylated tyrosine residues, in turn, recruit other signaling molecules to the activated receptors and propagate the signal through many possible transduction pathways (Pawson 1995)....
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"Fibroblast growth factors, their re..." refers background in this paper
...†From Ornitz et al. (1996), except where stated; ‡From Koga et al. (1995); §From Miralles et al. (1999); ¶From Xu et al. (1999). topologically identical to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (Zhu et al. 1991), with which some members also share the feature of secretion by an endoplasmic reticulum…...
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...Mutation of all four cysteines to serines results in a protein with the same secondary structure and equally mitogenic for 3T3 cells as the wild-type FGF-2 (Foxet al. 1988), suggesting that the formation of disulfide bridges is not important for the secondary structure and mitogenic activity of…...
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...Ornitz et al. (1996) determined the specificity of different FGFs for different receptor isoforms by overexpressing these isoforms in Baf3 cells, which do not normally express FGFRs, and assaying for [3H]thymidine incorporation in these cells following treatment with different FGFs (see Table 2)....
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...1, IIIb 100 60 34 16 4 5 6 4 4 1, IIIc 100 104 0 102 59 55 0 1 21 2, IIIb 100 9 45 15 5 5 81 4 7 2, IIIc 100 64 4 94 25 61 2.5 16 89 3, IIIb 100 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 42 3, IIIc 100 107 1 69 12 9 1 41 96 4 100 113 6 108 7 79 2 76 75 Modified from Ornitz et al. (1996)....
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1,994 citations
"Fibroblast growth factors, their re..." refers background in this paper
...Defining features of the FGF family are a strong affinity for heparin and HLGAGs (Burgess & Maciag 1989), as well as a central core of 140 amino acids that is highly homologous between different family members....
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