Finite rotation FE-simulation and active vibration control of smart composite laminated structures
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the nonlinear finite element simulation and control of large amplitude vibrations of smart piezolaminated composite structures and derive the variational formulation.
Abstract: The present article focuses on the nonlinear finite element simulation and control of large amplitude vibrations of smart piezolaminated composite structures. Full geometrically nonlinear finite rotation strain---displacement relations and Reissner---Mindlin first-order shear deformation hypothesis to include the transverse shear effects are considered to derive the variational formulation. A quadratic variation of electric potential is assumed in transverse direction. An assumed natural strain method for the shear strains, an enhanced assumed strain method for the membrane strains and an enhanced assumed gradient method for the electric field is incorporated to improve the behavior of a four-node shell element. Numerical simulations presented in this article show the accurate prediction capabilities of the proposed method, especially for structures undergoing finite deformations and rotations, in comparison to the results obtained by simplified nonlinear models available in references and also with those obtained by using the C3D20RE solid element for piezoelectric layers in the Abaqus code.
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TL;DR: The effectiveness of the present method is demonstrated by validating the obtained results against those of other studies from literature considering shell structures, and some novel numerical results, including the nonlinear transient deflection of smart FG-CNTRC spherical and cylindrical shells, will be presented and can be considered for future structure design.
Abstract: In the present work, a geometrically nonlinear finite shell element is first presented to predict nonlinear dynamic behavior of piezolaminated functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) shell, to enrich the existing research results on FG-CNTRC structures. The governing equations are developed via an improved first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), in which a parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains across the shell thickness is assumed and a zero condition of the transverse shear stresses on the top and bottom surfaces is imposed. Using a micro-mechanical model on the foundation of the developed rule of mixture, the effective material properties of the FG-CNTRC structures, which are strengthened by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), are scrutinized. The effectiveness of the present method is demonstrated by validating the obtained results against those of other studies from literature considering shell structures. Furthermore, some novel numerical results, including the nonlinear transient deflection of smart FG-CNTRC spherical and cylindrical shells, will be presented and can be considered for future structure design.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the second-order nonlinear constitutive equations are used in the variational principle approach to develop a nonlinear finite element (FE) model for piezoelectric laminated composite plates and shells.
Abstract: In this article, we focus on static finite element (FE) simulation of piezoelectric laminated composite plates and shells, considering the nonlinear constitutive behavior of piezoelectric materials under large applied electric fields. Under the assumptions of small strains and large electric fields, the second-order nonlinear constitutive equations are used in the variational principle approach, to develop a nonlinear FE model. Numerical simulations are performed to study the effect of material nonlinearity for piezoelectric bimorph and laminated composite plates as well as cylindrical shells. In comparison to the experimental investigations existing in the literature, the results predicted by the present model agree very well. The importance of the present nonlinear model is highlighted especially in large applied electric fields, and it is shown that the difference between the results simulated by linear and nonlinear constitutive FE models cannot be omitted.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a computationally efficient multifield finite element (FE) model for accurate analysis of smart composite and sandwich shells equipped with piezoelectric patch actuators and sensors, featuring multiple delaminations and transducer debonding, is presented.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a coupling magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method (CM-CS-RPIM) with the coupling MEE Wilson-676 $$\theta $$ (Wilson-676) scheme was proposed.
Abstract: To increase the computational precision of the finite element method (FEM) for multi-field coupling problems, we proposed a coupling magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method (CM-CS-RPIM) with the coupling MEE Wilson-
$$\theta $$
scheme for MEE structures. Generalized approximation field functions were established by using the linearly independent and consistent RPIM shape functions. The basic equations of CM-CS-RPIM were deduced by applying G space theory and the weakened weak formulation to the MEE multi-physics coupling field. Meanwhile, the coupling MEE Wilson-
$$\theta $$
scheme was proposed. Several numerical examples were modeled, and the behavior of MEE structures was studied under static and dynamic loads. The CM-CS-RPIM outperformed FEM with higher accuracy, convergence, and stability in static and dynamic analysis of MEE structures, even if the meshes were distorted extremely. And it worked well with simplex meshes (triangles or tetrahedrons) that can be automatically generated for complex structures. Therefore, the effectiveness and potential of CM-CS-RPIM were demonstrated for the design of smart devices, such as MEE sensors and energy harvesters.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the static and dynamic finite element simulations of smart piezolaminated composite shell structures considering strong electric field nonlinearity under thermo-electro-mechanical loads were performed.
Abstract: The present article focuses on the static and dynamic finite element simulations of smart piezolaminated composite shell structures considering strong electric field nonlinearity under thermo-electro-mechanical loads. To model the electromechanical behaviour of piezoelectric patches or layers under large applied electric fields more efficiently, two-way coupled rotationally invariant second-order nonlinear constitutive relations are used in the variational principle approach. Furthermore, the nonlinear piezoelectric element formulations are further extended to capture the response under temperature gradients. Quadratic and cubic polynomial approximations are deemed to represent the electric potential and temperature fields, respectively. Validation of the present element formulation has been done in comparison to experimental and numerical investigations of those available in the literature. Moreover, numerical simulations are performed to study the large electric field nonlinearities of piezolaminated structures in static and dynamic as well as active vibration control problems under both mechanical and thermal loads. The numerical simulations have shown that using the piezoelectric nonlinearity, both the static shape control and vibration suppression either under mechanical or thermal loads can be accomplished at much lower actuation voltages than estimated by the linear model.
12 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a scaling analysis is performed to demonstrate that the effectiveness of actuators is independent of the size of the structure and evaluate various piezoelectric materials based on their effectiveness in transmitting strain to the substructure.
Abstract: This work presents the analytic and experimental development of piezoelectric actuators as elements of intelligent structures, i.e., structures with highly distributed actuators, sensors, and processing networks. Static and dynamic analytic models are derived for segmented piezoelectric actuators that are either bonded to an elastic substructure or embedded in a laminated composite. These models lead to the ability to predict, a priori, the response of the structural member to a command voltage applied to the piezoelectric and give guidance as to the optimal location for actuator placement. A scaling analysis is performed to demonstrate that the effectiveness of piezoelectric actuators is independent of the size of the structure and to evaluate various piezoelectric materials based on their effectiveness in transmitting strain to the substructure. Three test specimens of cantilevered beams were constructed: an aluminum beam with surface-bonded actuators, a glass/epoxy beam with embedded actuators, and a graphite/epoxy beam with embedded actuators. The actuators were used to excite steady-state resonant vibrations in the cantilevered beams. The response of the specimens compared well with those predicted by the analytic models. Static tensile tests performed on glass/epoxy laminates indicated that the embedded actuator reduced the ultimate strength of the laminate by 20%, while not significantly affecting the global elastic modulus of the specimen.
2,719 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general quadrilateral shell element for geometric and material nonlinear analysis is presented, which is formulated using three-dimensional continuum mechanics theory and it is applicable to the analysis of thin and thick shells.
Abstract: A new four‐node (non‐flat) general quadrilateral shell element for geometric and material non‐linear analysis is presented. The element is formulated using three‐dimensional continuum mechanics theory and it is applicable to the analysis of thin and thick shells. The formulation of the element and the solutions to various test and demonstrative example problems are presented and discussed.
1,187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite element formulation which includes the piezoelectric or electroelastic effect is given, a strong analogy is exhibited between electric and elastic variables, and a stiffness finite element method is deduced.
Abstract: A finite element formulation which includes the piezoelectric or electroelastic effect is given. A strong analogy is exhibited between electric and elastic variables, and a ‘stiffness’ finite element method is deduced. The dynamical matrix equation of electroelasticity is formulated and found to be reducible in form to the well-known equation of structural dynamics, A tetrahedral finite element is presented, implementing the theorem for application to problems of three-dimensional electroelasticity.
972 citations
612 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a new four-noded quadrilateral shell element called QUAD4, which is based on isoparametric principles with modifications which relax excessive constraints.
358 citations