Flavonoids as inhibitors of the formation of adenosine triphosphate in plant mitochondria
TL;DR: In this article, various flavonoids inhibit the production of adenosine triphosphate in mitochondria of cucumber hypocotyls, and the structural details regulating the activity against ATP production are different from those determining the activity of flavonoid in the oxidation of indol-3-yl acetic acid and of ascorbic acid.
About: This article is published in Phytochemistry.The article was published on 1970-11-01. It has received 89 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Ascorbic acid & Flavones.
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640 citations
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: Advances in the understanding of the functional roles ofsecondary metabolites in plants, however, and new information about how pest resistance is altered by stress should stimulate additional interest in the responses of secondary metabolites to stress.
Abstract: Increasing interest in the stress physiology of higher plants has, in the last few years, greatly expanded our knowledge concerning the effects of stresses such as drought, freezing, nutrient deficiencies, disease and insect attack on plant metabolism. This work, however, has concentrated on the influences of stress on the basic processes of growth and development (primary metabolism). Very little attention has been paid to the changes in secondary metabolism that may be occurring. Information on the effects of stress conditions on secondary metabolites has come mainly from research efforts to maximize the yield of active constituents from herb, spice and drug plants and from attempts to reduce the levels of toxins in certain food and forage crops. Advances in our understanding of the functional roles of secondary metabolites in plants, however, and new information about how pest resistance is altered by stress should stimulate additional interest in the responses of secondary metabolites to stress.
466 citations
TL;DR: There has been a rapid advance in knowledge of mechanisms of action of known allelopathic compounds, at increasingly more fundamental levels, and evidence is mounting that inhibition of nitrification increases as succession progresses toward the climax vegetation, at least in many vegetation types.
Abstract: The latest previous comprehensive review of allelopathy (Rice, 1974) covered research done primarily prior to 1973. There have been numerous reviews published in recent years on specific phases of allelopathy (see III), but most of them covered research results published primarily through 1972 also. This review has been restricted, therefore, largely to research conducted subsequent to 1972, except for background information and significant papers overlooked in previous reviews. There has been almost an exponential increase in the rate of publication of papers concerned with allelopathy. Research has been particularly active in relation to the roles of allelopathy in agriculture, forestry, phytopathology, patterning of vegetation, algal succession, and old-field succession. Our increasing knowledge of the conditions under which certain crop residues cause allelopathic effects to subsequent crops should enable us soon to guard against such effects. We are on the threshold of breeding crop plants that will inhibit the chief weeds in a given area through allelopathic action, and thus decrease the need for synthetic weed killers. Our understanding of allelopathic interactions of various plant species has already been used advantageously in reforestation, and future developments are very encouraging. Our increasing knowledge of allelopathy is aiding greatly in our understanding of many ecological phenomena, such as succession and patterning of vegetation. Evidence is mounting that inhibition of nitrification increases as succession progresses toward the climax vegetation, at least in many vegetation types. This leads to a decrease in the loss of nitrogen. Addition of inhibitors to arable lands to prevent nitrification has proved to be valuable in preventing loss of nitrogen and in increasing crop yields. There has been a rapid advance in our knowledge of mechanisms of action of known allelopathic compounds, at increasingly more fundamental levels. We have known for several years, for example, that some of these compounds inhibit uptake of various minerals, but have not known the mechanism of the action. Recent research indicates this may be due, at least in part, to inhibition of a plasma membrane ATPase that is involved with ion absorption. A thorough knowledge of mechanisms of action of allelochemics is essential to our overall understanding and appreciation of the field of allelopathy.
428 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This work aims to clarify the role of density in the development and application of allelopathy in agricultural and marine ecosystems and to investigate its role in the response to climate change.
Abstract: Preface.- List of contributors.- 1. Introduction to allelopathy Chou,C-H.- 2. Basic pathways for the origin of allelopathic compounds Seigler, D.S.- Methodological aspects. 3. Clues in the search of new herbicides Dayan, F.E., Duke, S.O.- 4. Distinguishing allelopathy from resource competition: the role of density Weidenhamer, J.D.- 5. Toxicity in allelopathy: in silico approach Lo Piparo, E. et al.- Physiological aspects of allelopathy. 6. Allelochemicals and photosynthesis Zhou, Y.H., Yu, J.Q.- 7. Cell cycle analyses for understanding growth inhibition Sanchez-Moreiras, A.M. et al. 8. Detoxification of allelochemicals. The case of bezoxazolin-2(3H)-one (BOA) Schulz, M. et al.- 9. Allelopathy and abiotic stress Pedrol, M.N. et al.- 10. Allelopathy and biotic stresses Gawronska, H., Golisz, A.- 11. Plant secondary metabolites. Targets and mechanisms of allelopathy Lotina-Hennsen, B. et al.- 12. Mitochondria as a site of allelochemical action Ishii-Iwamoto, E.L. et al.- Ecophysiology and allelopathy. 13. Weed germination, seedling growth and their lesson for allelopathy in agriculture Aliotta, A. et al.- 14. Allelopathy: A soil system perspective Blum, U.- 15. Microorganisms and allelopathy: A one-sided approach Vokou, D. et al.- Ecological aspects of allelopathy. 16. Ecological relationships and allelopathy Sinkkonen, A.- 17. Resistance and susceptibility of plant communities to invasion:revisiting rabotnov's ideas about community homeostasis Callaway, R.M., Hierro, J.L.- Allelopathy in different environments. 18. Allelopathy in marine ecosystems Graneli, E., Pavia, H.- 19. Allelopathy in aquatic environments Erhard, D.- 20. Forest ecosystems and allelopathy Reigosa, M.J., Gonzalez, L.- 21. Allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems Kohli, R.K. et al.- Applied aspects of allelopathy. 22. Playing with chemistry: studies on Orobanche spp. germination stimulants Macias, F.A. et al.- 23. Modes of action of phytotoxins from plants Duke, S.O., Dayan, F.E.- 24. Allelopathy in ecological sustainable agriculture Narwal, S.S.- 25. Parasitic weeds and allelopathy: from the hypothesis to the proof Qasem, J.R.-
324 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the presence of hydroxyl groups in the B ring of flavonoids is essential for their scavenger activity, and the existence of a hydroxYL at C-3 enhances the scavenger ability of Flavonoids.
297 citations
References
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TL;DR: A simple, economical method is described for determining ATP over the range 10−9 and 10−12 mole, by the firefly luciferin-luciferase system, using any liquid scintillation spectrometer of suitable performance.
834 citations
100 citations
81 citations
TL;DR: AuBerdem erscheinen mineralische Ultrastrukturen im Auflichtbild oft durch organische Substanzen verhtillt as discussed by the authors, and man wird daher auch weiterhin auf herk6mmliehe Methoden wie Dtinnschliff-Untersuchung and Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskop nicht verzichten, sondern gezielt die jeweils gttnstigsten Methoden einsetzen, um die
Abstract: AuBerdem erscheinen mineralische Ultrastrukturen im Auflichtbild oft durch organische Substanzen verhtillt. Man wird daher auch weiterhin auf herk6mmliehe Methoden wie Dtinnschliff-Untersuchung und Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskop nicht verzichten, sondern gezielt die jeweils gttnstigsten Methoden einsetzen, um die morphologische Betrachtungsweise auch in der Pal~iontologie fiber den Sichtbereich unseres Auges hinaus zu erweitern. [I] ANGELL, R. W.: J. Protozool. 14, 299 (1967). [2] Bf~, A . H . W . , u. D . B . ERICSOX: Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 109, 65 (t963). [3] H~MLEBEN, CH.: Z i t t e l i ana 1 (1969}. [4] PESSAGNO, E. A., u. K. MIVANO: Micropaleont. 14, 38 (1968). [5] Rz~ss, Z. : l~[icropaleont. 4, 51 (1958). [6] Rzlss , Z.: Bull. Israel geol. Surv. 35, I (1963). [7] S~muT, A . H . : Monogr. brit . Mus. na tur . His t . London, I (1954). [8] TowE, K. IK., u. R. CIFELLI: J. Paleont . 41, 742 (1967).
66 citations
TL;DR: A spectrophotometric method for the estimation of phenolase activity is described and using this and conventional manometric techniques the activity of a potato Phenolase preparation has been measured with a large number of phenolic compounds.
Abstract: The presence of aesculin and a scopoletin glycoside has been demonstrated in extracts of potato tubers, and quercetin, caffeic acid, aesculetin and scopoletin in hydrolysed extracts. A spectrophotometric method for the estimation of phenolase activity is described and using this and conventional manometric techniques the activity of a potato phenolase preparation has been measured with a large number of phenolic compounds.
60 citations