Flow-Induced Vibration

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Flow-Induced Vibration

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Flow-Induced Vibration

R. D. Blevins, H. Saunders¹•Institutions (1)

01 Jan 1977-

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on applications for offshore platforms and piping; wind-induced vibration of buildings, bridges, and towers; and acoustic and mechanical vibration of heat exchangers, power lines, and process ducting.

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Abstract: This book focuses on applications for offshore platforms and piping; wind-induced vibration of buildings, bridges, and towers; and acoustic and mechanical vibration of heat exchangers, power lines, and process ducting. Numerous examples drive home the reality of the practical problems encountered here. More than 200 figures and 20 tables complement the text by providing such data as damping factors, lift coefficients, and the formulas needed to apply practical methods directly to a wide range of structures, from heat exchangers to hypersonic aircraft. Devoted to the analysis and prediction of flow-induced vibrations, this volume will prove of immense interest to mechanical, civil, nuclear, marine, structural, and electrical engineers; physicists, designers, and naval architects; and people working in the construction and petroleum industries, power plants, power transmission, ship building, nuclear power, energy production, and defense engineering.

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Journal Article•DOI•

A critical review of the intrinsic nature of vortex-induced vibrations

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Turgut Sarpkaya¹•Institutions (1)

Naval Postgraduate School¹

01 May 2004-Journal of Fluids and Structures

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the progress made during the past two decades on vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of mostly circular cylindrical structures subjected to steady uniform flow is presented in this article.

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1,368 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Drag, turbulence, and diffusion in flow through emergent vegetation

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Heidi Nepf

01 Feb 1999-Water Resources Research

TL;DR: In this article, a model is developed to describe the drag, turbulence and diffusion for flow through emergent vegetation, which for the first time captures the relevant underlying physics, and covers the natural range of vegetation density and stem Reynolds' numbers.

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Abstract: Aquatic plants convert mean kinetic energy into turbulent kinetic energy at the scale of the plant stems and branches. This energy transfer, linked to wake generation, affects vegetative drag and turbulence intensity. Drawing on this physical link, a model is developed to describe the drag, turbulence and diffusion for flow through emergent vegetation which for the first time captures the relevant underlying physics, and covers the natural range of vegetation density and stem Reynolds' numbers. The model is supported by laboratory and field observations. In addition, this work extends the cylinder-based model for vegetative resistance by including the dependence of the drag coefficient, CD, on the stem population density, and introduces the importance of mechanical diffusion in vegetated flows.

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1,199 citations

Cites background from "Flow-Induced Vibration"

...The drag force per fluid mass due to vegetation may be described as FT 5 F forcemassG 5 12 CDaU2 (1) where r is the fluid density, U is the equivalent uniform velocity, and CD is a bulk drag coefficient representing the array....
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...Figure 6 presents the model results, CD(ad), for both random (solid line) and staggered arrays (dashed line)....
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...The wake production is estimated as the work input, FTU , where FT is described in (1), that is, per unit mass: Pw 5 1 2 CDaU 3 (3) This assumes that all of the energy extracted from the mean flow through stem (cylinder) drag appears as turbulent kinetic energy....
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...CBU2 1 1 2 CDadS hdDU2 5 gh h x , (9) where the first term on the left is the drag contributed by the base of the array, with a bed drag coefficient, CB 5 0.001 [e.g., Munson et al., 1990, p. 673], the second term on the left is the drag contributed by the stems, and h is the flow depth....
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...CBU2 1 @CDad#2/3U2 (10) (the terms to the left of the plus sign represent bed-shear production; those to the right represent wake production) which is correct in the limits of ad(3 0 or 1) but may be oversimplified when the two terms are comparable because it does not account for nonlinear interactions between the two processes, for example, changes in bed shear arising owing to the presence of stems....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Motions, forces and mode transitions in vortex-induced vibrations at low mass-damping

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Asif Khalak¹, Charles H. K. Williamson¹•Institutions (1)

Cornell University¹

01 Oct 1999-Journal of Fluids and Structures

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that there exist two distinct types of response in a very low mass and damping regime, depending on whether one has a low combined mass-damping parameter (low m*ζ), or a high mass-ding parameter (highm*δ).

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944 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Fluctuating lift on a circular cylinder: review and new measurements

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C. Norberg

01 Jan 2003-Journal of Fluids and Structures

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of Reynolds number in the nominal case of an infinitely long and non-confined cylinder in a smooth oncoming flow are discussed, from about Re = 47 to 2 x 10(5), i.e., from the onset of vortex shedding up to the end of the subcritical regime.

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939 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Control of Flow Over a Bluff Body

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Haecheon Choi¹, Woo Pyung Jeon, Jinsung Kim•Institutions (1)

Seoul National University¹

03 Jan 2008-Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present control methods for flow over a bluff body such as a circular cylinder, a 2D bluff body with a blunt trailing edge, and a sphere.

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Abstract: In this review, we present control methods for flow over a bluff body such as a circular cylinder, a 2D bluff body with a blunt trailing edge, and a sphere. We introduce recent major achievements in bluff-body flow controls such as 3D forcing, active feedback control, control based on local and global instability, and control with a synthetic jet. We then classify the controls as boundary-layer controls and direct-wake modifications and discuss important features associated with these controls. Finally, we discuss some other issues such as Reynolds-number dependence, the lowest possible drag by control, and control efficiency.

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827 citations

Cites background from "Flow-Induced Vibration"

...Active open-loop control When a time-periodic open-loop forcing is applied, vortex shedding in the wake is in general locked in phase to the forcing (Blevins, 1990), and consequently the forcing strengthens vortex shedding and increases the mean drag and the lift fluctuations....
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...When a time-periodic open-loop forcing is applied, vortex shedding in the wake is in general locked in phase to the forcing (Blevins, 1990), and consequently the forcing strengthens vortex shedding and increases the mean drag and the lift fluctuations....
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