Forest edge burning in the Brazilian Amazon promoted by escaping fires from managed pastures
Ana Cano-Crespo,Ana Cano-Crespo,Paulo J. C. Oliveira,Alice Boit,Manoel Cardoso,Kirsten Thonicke +5 more
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In this paper, the authors evaluate the relationship between forest fires and different anthropogenic activities linked to a variety of land uses in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso, Para, and Rondonia.Abstract:
Understanding to what extent different land uses influence fire occurrence in the Amazonian forest is particularly relevant for its conservation. We evaluate the relationship between forest fires and different anthropogenic activities linked to a variety of land uses in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso, Para, and Rondonia. We combine the new high-resolution (30 m) TerraClass land use database with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer burned area data for 2008 and the extreme dry year of 2010. Excluding the non-forest class, most of the burned area was found in pastures, primary and secondary forests, and agricultural lands across all three states, while only around 1% of the total was located in deforested areas. The trend in burned area did not follow the declining deforestation rates from 2001 to 2010, and the spatial overlap between deforested and burned areas was only 8% on average. This supports the claim of deforestation being disconnected from burning since 2005. Forest degradation showed an even lower correlation with burned area. We found that fires used in managing pastoral and agricultural lands that escape into the neighboring forests largely contribute to forest fires. Such escaping fires are responsible for up to 52% of the burned forest edges adjacent to burned pastures and up to 22% of the burned forest edges adjacent to burned agricultural fields, respectively. Our findings call for the development of control and monitoring plans to prevent fires from escaping from managed lands into forests to support effective land use and ecosystem management.read more
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21st Century drought-related fires counteract the decline of Amazon deforestation carbon emissions
Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Liana O. Anderson,Marisa Gesteira Fonseca,Thais M. Rosan,Laura Barbosa Vedovato,Fabien Wagner,Camila V. J. Silva,Camila V. J. Silva,Celso Henrique Leite Silva Junior,Egidio Arai,Ana Paula Dutra Aguiar,Ana Paula Dutra Aguiar,Jos Barlow,Erika Berenguer,Erika Berenguer,Merritt N. Deeter,Lucas G. Domingues,Lucas G. Domingues,Luciana V. Gatti,Luciana V. Gatti,Manuel Gloor,Yadvinder Malhi,José A. Marengo,John B. Miller,Oliver L. Phillips,Sassan Saatchi +26 more
TL;DR: It is shown that gross emissions from forest fires are more than half as great as those from deforestation during drought years, which means that carbon emission inventories intended for accounting and developing policies need to take account of substantial forest fire emissions not associated to the deforestation process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in Climate and Land Use Over the Amazon Region: Current and Future Variability and Trends
José A. Marengo,Carlos Souza,Kirsten Thonicke,Chantelle Burton,Kate Halladay,Richard Betts,Lincoln M. Alves,Wagner R. Soares +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of up-to-date information on climate and hydrological variability, and on warming trends in Amazonia, with 2016 as the warmest year since at least 1950 (0.9 °C + 0.3°C).
Journal ArticleDOI
Global and Regional Trends and Drivers of Fire Under Climate Change
Matthew W. Jones,John T. Abatzoglou,Sander Veraverbeke,Niels Andela,Gitta Lasslop,Matthias Forkel,Adam J. P. Smith,Chantelle Burton,Richard Betts,Guido R. van der Werf,Stephen Sitch,Josep G. Canadell,Cristina Santín,Crystal A. Kolden,Stefan H. Doerr,Corinne Le Quéré +15 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present a stocktake of regional trends in fire weather and burned area during recent decades, and examine how fire activity relates to its bioclimatic and human drivers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deforestation-Induced Fragmentation Increases Forest Fire Occurrence in Central Brazilian Amazonia
Celso Henrique Leite Silva Junior,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Marisa Gesteira Fonseca,Catherine Torres de Almeida,Laura Barbosa Vedovato,Liana O. Anderson +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used MODIS Active Fire Product (MCD14ML, Collection 6) as a proxy of forest fire incidence and intensity (measured as Fire Radiative Power) and the Brazilian official Land-use and Land-cover Map to understand the relationship among deforestation, fragmentation, and forest fire on a deforestation frontier in the Brazilian Amazonia.
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Persistent collapse of biomass in Amazonian forest edges following deforestation leads to unaccounted carbon losses
Celso Henrique Leite Silva Junior,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Liana O. Anderson,Marisa Gesteira Fonseca,Yosio Edemir Shimabukuro,Christelle Vancutsem,Frédéric Achard,René Beuchle,Izaya Numata,Carlos A. Silva,Eduardo Eiji Maeda,Marcos Longo,Sassan Saatchi,Sassan Saatchi +14 more
TL;DR: Carbon losses caused by edge effect is an additional unquantified flux that can counteract carbon emissions avoided by reducing deforestation, compromising the Paris Agreement’s bold targets.
References
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Determination of Deforestation Rates of the World's Humid Tropical Forests
Frédéric Achard,Hugh Eva,Hans-Jürgen Stibig,Philippe Mayaux,Javier Gallego,Tim Richards,Jean-Paul Malingreau +6 more
TL;DR: The recently completed research program (TREES) employing the global imaging capabilities of Earth-observing satellites provides updated information on the status of the world's humid tropical forest cover, indicating that the global net rate of change in forest cover for the humid tropics is 23% lower than the generally accepted rate.
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An Enhanced Contextual Fire Detection Algorithm for MODIS
TL;DR: An improved replacement detection algorithm is presented that offers increased sensitivity to smaller, cooler fires as well as a significantly lower false alarm rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fire science for rainforests
TL;DR: The current state of tropical fire science is discussed, recommendations for advancement are made and pan-tropical forest fires will increase as more damaged, less fire-resistant, forests cover the landscape.
Journal ArticleDOI
The 2010 Amazon Drought
Simon L. Lewis,Paulo M. Brando,Oliver L. Phillips,Geertje M. F. van der Heijden,Daniel C. Nepstad +4 more
TL;DR: A decade of satellite-derived rainfall data is analyzed to compare both the 2010 and 2005 drought in Amazonia and predict the impact of the 2010 drought as 2.2 × 1015 grams of carbon, largely longer-term committed emissions from drought-induced tree deaths.
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Cropland expansion changes deforestation dynamics in the southern Brazilian Amazon
Douglas C. Morton,Ruth DeFries,Yosio Edemir Shimabukuro,Liana O. Anderson,Egidio Arai,Fernando Del Bon Espírito-Santo,Ramon M. Freitas,Jeffrey T. Morisette +7 more
TL;DR: Pasture remains the dominant land use after forest clearing in Mato Grosso, but the growing importance of larger and faster conversion of forest to cropland defines a new paradigm of forest loss in Amazonia and refutes the claim that agricultural intensification does not lead to new deforestation.