Forest Type Classification: A Hybrid NN-GA Model Based Approach

Dengue Fever Classification Using Gene Expression Data: A PSO Based Artificial Neural Network Approach

Abstract: A mosquito borne pathogen called Dengue virus (DENV) has been emerged as one of the most fatal threats in the recent time. Infections can be in two main forms, namely the DF (Dengue Fever), and DHF (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever). An efficient detection method for both fever types turns out to be a significant task. Thus, in the present work, a novel application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) trained Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been employed to separate the patients having Dengue fevers from those who are recovering from it or do not have DF. The ANN’s input weight vector are optimized using PSO to achieve the expected accuracy and to avoid premature convergence toward the local optima. Therefore, a gene expression data (GDS5093 dataset) available publicly is used. The dataset contains gene expression data for DF, DHF, convalescent and healthy control patients of total 56 subjects. Greedy forward selection method has been applied to select most promising genes to identify the DF, DHF and normal (either convalescent or healthy controlled) patients. The proposed system performance was compared to the multilayer perceptron feed-forward neural network (MLP-FFN) classifier. Results proved the dominance of the proposed method with achieved accuracy of 90.91 %.

Clinical application of modified bag-of-features coupled with hybrid neural-based classifier in dengue fever classification using gene expression data

Abstract: Dengue fever detection and classification have a vital role due to the recent outbreaks of different kinds of dengue fever. Recently, the advancement in the microarray technology can be employed for such classification process. Several studies have established that the gene selection phase takes a significant role in the classifier performance. Subsequently, the current study focused on detecting two different variations, namely, dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). A modified bag-of-features method has been proposed to select the most promising genes in the classification process. Afterward, a modified cuckoo search optimization algorithm has been engaged to support the artificial neural (ANN-MCS) to classify the unknown subjects into three different classes namely, DF, DHF, and another class containing convalescent and normal cases. The proposed method has been compared with other three well-known classifiers, namely, multilayer perceptron feed-forward network (MLP-FFN), artificial neural network (ANN) trained with cuckoo search (ANN-CS), and ANN trained with PSO (ANN-PSO). Experiments have been carried out with different number of clusters for the initial bag-of-features-based feature selection phase. After obtaining the reduced dataset, the hybrid ANN-MCS model has been employed for the classification process. The results have been compared in terms of the confusion matrix-based performance measuring metrics. The experimental results indicated a highly statistically significant improvement with the proposed classifier over the traditional ANN-CS model.

Detection of skin disease using metaheuristic supported artificial neural networks

Abstract: Automated, efficient and accurate classification of skin diseases using digital images of skin is very important for bio-medical image analysis. Various techniques have already been developed by many researchers. In this work, a technique based on meta-heuristic supported artificial neural network has been proposed to classify images. Here 3 common skin diseases have been considered namely angioma, basal cell carcinoma and lentigo simplex. Images have been obtained from International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) dataset. A popular multi objective optimization method called Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm — II is employed to train the ANN (NNNSGA-II). Different feature have been extracted to train the classifier. A comparison has been made with the proposed model and two other popular meta-heuristic based classifier namely NN-PSO (ANN trained with Particle Swarm Optimization) and NN-GA (ANN trained with Genetic algorithm). The results have been evaluated using various performances measuring metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall and F-measure. Experimental results clearly show the superiority of the proposed NN-NSGA-II model with different features.

Application of cuckoo search in water quality prediction using artificial neural network

Abstract: Domestic and industrial pollution affected the water quality to a greater extent. Recent research studies have achieved reasonable success in predicting the water quality using several machine learning based techniques. In the current work, a proposed cuckoo search (CS) has been applied to improve the support in the classification process during the water quality prediction. The proposed model (NN-CS) gradually minimises an objective function; namely the root mean square error (RMSE) in order to find the optimal weight vector for the artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed model was compared with three other well-established models, namely NN-GA (ANN trained with genetic algorithm) and NN-PSO (ANN trained with particle swarm optimisation) in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, f-measure, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and Fowlkes-Mallows index (FM index). The simulation results established superior accuracy of NN-CS over the other models.

Random Forests

Abstract: Random forests are a combination of tree predictors such that each tree depends on the values of a random vector sampled independently and with the same distribution for all trees in the forest. The generalization error for forests converges a.s. to a limit as the number of trees in the forest becomes large. The generalization error of a forest of tree classifiers depends on the strength of the individual trees in the forest and the correlation between them. Using a random selection of features to split each node yields error rates that compare favorably to Adaboost (Y. Freund & R. Schapire, Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International conference, aaa, 148–156), but are more robust with respect to noise. Internal estimates monitor error, strength, and correlation and these are used to show the response to increasing the number of features used in the splitting. Internal estimates are also used to measure variable importance. These ideas are also applicable to regression.

LIBSVM: A library for support vector machines

Abstract: LIBSVM is a library for Support Vector Machines (SVMs). We have been actively developing this package since the year 2000. The goal is to help users to easily apply SVM to their applications. LIBSVM has gained wide popularity in machine learning and many other areas. In this article, we present all implementation details of LIBSVM. Issues such as solving SVM optimization problems theoretical convergence multiclass classification probability estimates and parameter selection are discussed in detail.

Support-Vector Networks

Abstract: The support-vector network is a new learning machine for two-group classification problems. The machine conceptually implements the following idea: input vectors are non-linearly mapped to a very high-dimension feature space. In this feature space a linear decision surface is constructed. Special properties of the decision surface ensures high generalization ability of the learning machine. The idea behind the support-vector network was previously implemented for the restricted case where the training data can be separated without errors. We here extend this result to non-separable training data. High generalization ability of support-vector networks utilizing polynomial input transformations is demonstrated. We also compare the performance of the support-vector network to various classical learning algorithms that all took part in a benchmark study of Optical Character Recognition.

Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques

Abstract: The increasing volume of data in modern business and science calls for more complex and sophisticated tools. Although advances in data mining technology have made extensive data collection much easier, it's still always evolving and there is a constant need for new techniques and tools that can help us transform this data into useful information and knowledge. Since the previous edition's publication, great advances have been made in the field of data mining. Not only does the third of edition of Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques continue the tradition of equipping you with an understanding and application of the theory and practice of discovering patterns hidden in large data sets, it also focuses on new, important topics in the field: data warehouses and data cube technology, mining stream, mining social networks, and mining spatial, multimedia and other complex data. Each chapter is a stand-alone guide to a critical topic, presenting proven algorithms and sound implementations ready to be used directly or with strategic modification against live data. This is the resource you need if you want to apply today's most powerful data mining techniques to meet real business challenges. * Presents dozens of algorithms and implementation examples, all in pseudo-code and suitable for use in real-world, large-scale data mining projects. * Addresses advanced topics such as mining object-relational databases, spatial databases, multimedia databases, time-series databases, text databases, the World Wide Web, and applications in several fields. *Provides a comprehensive, practical look at the concepts and techniques you need to get the most out of real business data

Artificial neural networks: a tutorial

Abstract: Artificial neural nets (ANNs) are massively parallel systems with large numbers of interconnected simple processors. The article discusses the motivations behind the development of ANNs and describes the basic biological neuron and the artificial computational model. It outlines network architectures and learning processes, and presents some of the most commonly used ANN models. It concludes with character recognition, a successful ANN application.