Journal ArticleDOI
Formation velocity and density—the diagnostic basics for stratigraphic traps
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In this article, a multiplicity of factors influence seismic reflection coefficients and the observed gravity of typical sedimentary rocks, including the mineral composition and the granular nature of the rock matrix, cementation, porosity, fluid content, and environmental pressure.Abstract:
A multiplicity of factors influence seismic reflection coefficients and the observed gravity of typical sedimentary rocks. Rock velocity and density depend upon the mineral composition and the granular nature of the rock matrix, cementation, porosity, fluid content, and environmental pressure. Depth of burial and geologic age also have an effect. Lithology and porosity can be related empirically to velocity by the time‐average equation. This equation is most reliable when the rock is under substantial pressure, is saturated with brine, and contains well‐cemented grains. For very low porosity rocks under large pressures, the mineral composition can be related to velocity by the theories of Voigt and Reuss. One effect of pressure variation on velocity results from the opening or closing of microcracks. For porous sedimentary rocks, only the difference between overburden and fluid pressure affects the microcrack system. Existing theory does not take into account the effect of microcrack closure on the elasti...read more
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Book
The Rock Physics Handbook: Tools for Seismic Analysis of Porous Media
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present basic tools for elasticity and Hooke's law, effective media, granular media, flow and diffusion, and fluid effects on wave propagation for wave propagation.
MonographDOI
The Rock Physics Handbook
TL;DR: The third edition of the reference book as discussed by the authors has been thoroughly updated while retaining its comprehensive coverage of the fundamental theory, concepts, and laboratory results, and highlights applications in unconventional reservoirs, including water, hydrocarbons, gases, minerals, rocks, ice, magma and methane hydrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust
TL;DR: A compilation of compressional-wave (V p) and shear-wave velocities and densities for a wide variety of common lithologies is used to define new nonlinear, multivalued, and quantitative relations between these properties for the Earth's crust as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wave-equation traveltime inversion
Yi Luo,Gerard T. Schuster +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a wave-equation traveltime inversion (WT-inversion) method is proposed to perturb the velocity model until the traveltimes from the synthetic seismograms are best fitted to the observed traveltimes in a least squares sense.
Book
Quantitative Seismic Interpretation: Applying Rock Physics Tools to Reduce Interpretation Risk
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a statistical rock physics approach combining rock physics, information theory, and statistics to reduce uncertainty in seismic data. But they do not discuss the use of statistical methods for quantitative seismic interpretation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Elastic Behaviour of a Crystalline Aggregate
TL;DR: The connection between the elastic behavior of an aggregate and a single crystal is considered in this article, with special reference to the theories of Voigt, Reuss, and Huber and Schmid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Fluid‐Saturated Porous Solid. I. Low‐Frequency Range
TL;DR: In this article, a theory for the propagation of stress waves in a porous elastic solid containing compressible viscous fluid is developed for the lower frequency range where the assumption of Poiseuille flow is valid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of Formation Pressures from Log-Derived Shale Properties(*)
C. E. Hottman,R. K. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the fluid pressure within the pore space of shales by using data obtained from both acoustic and resistivity logs, with an accuracy of approximately 0.04 psi per foot or about 400 psi at 10,000 feet.