Forskolin production in untransformed root culture of Coleus forskohlii
TL;DR: IAA derivative-induced production of forskolin indicates the possibility for scaling up of the production of this compound in untransformed root cultur.
About: This article is published in Phytochemistry.The article was published on 1993-11-01. It has received 8 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Forskolin & Coleus.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Transformed root cultures are presented: a new alternative has arisen: transformed root cultures that can be obtained from more than 100 different species and elucidate the intermediaries and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
Abstract: Plants produce thousands of different compounds through the secondary metabolism pathways. Since many of these products are obtained by direct extraction from plants that are cultivated in the field or some times even collected in their original habitat several factors can alter their yield. The use of plant cell cultures has overcome several inconveniences for the production of secondary metabolites. Organized cultures, and especially root cultures, can make a significant contribution to our understanding of secondary metabolism. Furthermore, a new alternative has arisen: transformed root cultures. Until now, hairy roots have been obtained from more than 100 different species. The products that they are able to produce range from alkaloids to aromatic compounds and dyes. These kinds of cultures have turned out to be an invaluable tool to study the biochemistry and the gene expression of the metabolic pathways in order to elucidate the intermediaries and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
26 citations
TL;DR: The world market formedicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) is huge; India is a major exporter of raw MAPsand processed plant-based drugs (Lambert et al., 1997);75% of the total exports from India are sent to sixcountries, namely France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, the UK and the USA.
Abstract: Plantsarecapableofsynthesizingavarietyoflow-molecu-lar-weight organic compounds, called secondary metab-olites, usually with unique and complex structures. Manyof these compounds are differentially distributed amonglimited taxonomic groups within the plant kingdom and,conversely, each plant species has a distinct profile ofsecondary metabolites. Plant secondary metabolites areof tremendous importance, both for the plant itself (forplant–environment interactions) and to humans, for theirbiological activities that can have therapeutic value. Com-paredtothemainmoleculesfoundintheplants,thesesec-ondary metabolites were soon defined by their lowabundance, often less than 1% of the total carbon, or sto-rage, usually occurring in dedicated cells or organs.Plants are probably the best cell factories on this earthfrom which more than 100000 secondary metaboliteshave been discovered, with the estimated total number inplants exceeding 500000 (Hadacek, 2002). Due to theirwide biological activities, plant secondary metaboliteshave been used for centuries in traditional medicine.Nowadays, they correspond to valuable compounds suchas pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, fine chemicals or morerecently, nutraceutics (Bourgaud et al., 2001).Medicinal plants are the world’s oldest health-care pro-ducts. Plant species are used as medicinal products in twoways; traditional medicines, singly or in formulations,such as those prepared and dispensed bytraditional medical practitioners, which may or may notattract a market price; and commercial products, dis-pensed by prescription or over-the-counter sales, suchas patented or licensed medical products of allopathy ortraditional systems of medicine. The world market formedicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) is huge. The largestglobal markets for MAPs are China, France, Germany,Italy, Japan, Spain, the UK and the USA. Japan has thehighest per capita consumption of botanical medicinesin the world (Laird, 1999). The International Council forMedicinal and Aromatic Plants expects world growthduring 2001 and 2002 to be approximately 8–10% a year(Srivastava, 2000). India is a major exporter of raw MAPsand processed plant-based drugs (Lambert et al., 1997);75% of the total exports from India are sent to sixcountries, namely France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland,theUKandtheUSA.India’s boomingexporttradein med-icinal plants has risen almost three-fold during the lastdecade. This boom in local use and export trade is deplet-ingmanyspeciesfromthewild,bringingsometotheedgeofextinction.Themajorprobleminconventionalprocure-ment ofMAPsis thatonlyafewarecultivated; over95%ofthe medicinal plants used in India are collected from thewild. Data on threatened species are rare but all overthe world, some species are becoming difficult to obtainin sufficient amounts to meet increasing demands.Destruction of natural habitats and technical difficultiesin cultivation are also driving the drastic reductions inplant availability.In the search for alternatives to production of desirablemedicinal compounds from plants, biotechnological
21 citations
Cites background from "Forskolin production in untransform..."
...In untransformed root cultures, Sen et al. (1993) reported enhancement in forskolin accumulation by supplementation of basal media with chloro-derivatives of indoleacetic acid (IAA)....
[...]
15 citations
TL;DR: Coleonol was produced in callus culture; the kind and level of phytohormones, glycine, casein hydrolysate and sucrose content of the medium differently influenced growth and product formation.
Abstract: Coleonol was produced in callus culture; the kind and level of phytohormones, glycine, casein hydrolysate and sucrose content of the medium differently influenced growth and product formation Maximum specific growth rate was obtained in medium containing 7% sucrose Biomass production was highest with 4 ppm of NAA Maximum product (0075% of dry cells) was formed in medium containing 05 ppm IAA and IBA each, 5 ppm glycine, 200 ppm casein hydrolysate and 7% sucrose
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a practical synthetic route for the preparation of forskolin intermediate 20 is described, where the main feature lies in the formation and the cleavage of a tetracyclic intermediate for the formation of the tricyclic core of Forskolin.
8 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In vivo redox biosensing resolves the spatiotemporal dynamics of compartmental responses to local ROS generation and provide a basis for understanding how compartment-specific redox dynamics may operate in retrograde signaling and stress 67 acclimation in plants.
Abstract: In experiments with tobacco tissue cultured on White's modified medium (basal meditmi hi Tnhles 1 and 2) supplemenk'd with kiticthi and hidoleacctic acid, a slrikin^' fourlo (ive-told intTease iu yield was ohtaitu-d within a three to Tour week j^rowth period on addition of an aqtteotis exlrarl of tobacco leaves (Fi^'ures 1 and 2). Subse(iueutly it was found Ihiit this jnoniotiou oi' f^rowih was due mainly though nol entirely to inorj^auic rather than organic con.stitttenls in the extract. In the isolation of Rrowth factors from plant tissues and other sources inorj '̂anic salts are fre(|uently carried along with fhe organic fraclioits. When tissue cultures are used for bioassays, therefore, il is necessary lo lake into account increases in growth which may result from nutrient elements or other known constituents of the medium which may he present in the te.st materials. To minimize interference trom rontaminaitis of this type, an altempt has heen made to de\\eh)p a nieditmi with such adequate supplies of all re(iuired tnineral nutrients and cotntnott orgattic cottslitueitls that no apprecial»le change in growth rate or yield will result from the inlroduclion of additional amounts in the range ordinarily expected to be present in tnaterials to be assayed. As a point of referetice for this work some of the culture media in mc)st common current use will he cotisidered briefly. For ease of comparis4)n Iheir mineral compositions are listed in Tables 1 and 2. White's nutrient .solution, designed originally for excised root cultures, was based on Uspeuski and Uspetiskaia's medium for algae and Trelease and Trelease's micronutrieni solution. This medium also was employed successfully in the original cttltivation of callus from the tobacco Iiybrid Nicotiana gtauca x A', tanijadorffii, atitl as further modified by White in 194̂ ^ and by others it has been used for the
63,098 citations
TL;DR: Preparation a partir d'un trimethyl-2,4,4 vinyl-3 cyclohexene-2ol (issu de l'α-ionene) and l'acide tosyl-3 propiolique.
Abstract: Preparation a partir d'un trimethyl-2,4,4 vinyl-3 cyclohexene-2ol (issu de l'α-ionene) et de l'acide tosyl-3 propiolique
128 citations
TL;DR: METHANOL extracts of immature seeds of Pisum sativum exhibited fairly strong auxin-like activity when assayed by hypocotyl swelling of Phaseolus mungo, and an active principle from the neutral fraction was identified as methyl 4-chloroindolyl-3-acetate by synthesis.
Abstract: METHANOL extracts of immature seeds of Pisum sativum exhibited fairly strong auxin-like activity when assayed by hypocotyl swelling of Phaseolus mungo1. We isolated an active principle from the neutral fraction of immature seeds2; it was identified as methyl 4-chloroindolyl-3-acetate by synthesis. Preliminary examination showed that its auxin activity against Avena first internode and section tests was comparable with that of methyl indolyl-3-acetate while its activity was stronger against the hypocotyl swelling test of Phaseolus mungo. Gandar and Nitsch3 independently isolated the same auxin from the same immature seeds, and found it to be a methyl ester of chlorine containing indolyl-3-acetic acid.
122 citations
TL;DR: Synthese a partir du dimethyl-4,4 perhydropyrannyloxy pentanal via une dihydro-1,2 furannone-2 substituee.
Abstract: Synthese a partir du dimethyl-4,4 perhydropyrannyloxy pentanal via une dihydro-1,2 furannone-2 substituee
96 citations
79 citations