Book•
Foundation analysis and design
01 Jan 1968-
TL;DR: In this paper, Fondation de soutenagement et al. presented a reference record for Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08.
Abstract: Keywords: Fondation ; Mur de soutenement ; Pieux ; Capacite portante ; Ancrage ; Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
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01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, the axial capacity of a single pile has to be predicted for the design of a piled foundation, which requires the knowledge of appropriate soil parameters and their influence on both base and shaft resistance of a pile.
Abstract: The axial capacity of a single pile has to be predicted for the design of a piled foundation. This requires the knowledge of appropriate soil parameters and their influence on both base and shaft resistance of a pile. The complexity of the penetration mechanism as well as the diversity of the governing parameters justifies the use of an empirical method based on in situ measurements. Design methods based on the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) allow the unit base resistance qb of a pile to be correlated directly to the unit cone penetration resistance qc. Since the CPT resembles the geometry and vertical penetration process of a pile, a one-to-one correlation of qb and qc seems intuitive. Several authors and recent design guidelines (e.g. [1], [2], [3], [4]) recommend that pile base resistance qb should be taken to be equal to the cone resistance qc.
12 citations
Cites background from "Foundation analysis and design"
...[1], [2], [3], [4]) recommend that pile base resistance qb should be taken to be equal to the cone resistance qc....
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of bearing capacity on shallow foundations in different regions of Iraq was studied using 23 boreholes at three different locations (Mosul at the North, Baghdad at the Middle and Basrah at the south of Iraq).
12 citations
Cites background from "Foundation analysis and design"
...It is important to have good feedback about the project site, because soil nature is heterogeneous [1]....
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...Empirical values for Dr, φ & γwet of granular soils based on SPT at 6m depth & normally consolidated [1]....
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...The influence depth of soil under foundation depends on its width [1]....
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...The theoretical vertical stress distribution under a square footing and pile [1]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical method is applied to determine the bearing capacity of strip footing on two layers of soil, where the active and passive forces of each of the two soil layers are found, and the results are applied to calculate the footing bearing capacity.
Abstract: In the present research, an analytical method is applied to determine the bearing capacity of strip footing on two layers of soil. Bearing capacity is calculated according to soil resistance beneath the foundation and a virtual retaining wall method. To determine the bearing capacity of the footing in the said method, the active and passive forces on the retaining wall are considered equal along the edges. The active and passive forces of each of the two soil layers are found, and the results are applied to calculate the footing bearing capacity. Among the many advantages of this method are the possibility to determine depth of the rupture surface beneath the footing, and the ability to study the effects of the soil’s second layer on the footing bearing capacity. This study also examines the effects of soil improvement beneath the footing, as well as the depth and width of the compacted area on bearing capacity. A thorough analysis is conducted on soil layer thickness, soil cohesion and friction angle, footing depth and width, the width of the compacted soil beneath the footing, and the depth of underground water. A MATLAB program was used for calculation and deduction. In order to study the effects of various parameters on two layers of soil, results were compared with the bearing capacity of the footing on one soil layer in various situations. The bearing capacity of the footing was then compared with previous experimental methods, and the results obtained were reliable.
12 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of weight reduction optimization of reinforced cantilever retaining wall subjected to a sloped backfill using Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) is carried out in the present research.
Abstract: Optimal design of cantilever reinforced concrete retaining wall can lead considerable cost saving if its involvement in hill road formation and railway line formation is significant. A study of weight reduction optimization of reinforced cantilever retaining wall subjected to a sloped backfill using Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) is carried out in the present research. The retaining wall carrying a sloped backfill is investigated manually and the problem is solved using the algorithm and results were compared. The Indian Standard design philosophy is followed throughout the research. The design variables, constraint equations were determined and optimized with DEA. The single objective constrained optimization problem deals with seven design variables of cantilever retaining wall in which four design variables constitutes to geometric dimensions and remaining three variables constitutes to the reinforcement steel area. Ten different constraints are considered and each of it deals with ten failure modes of retaining wall. Further, a sensitivity analysis is carried out by varying the parameters namely, height of the stem and thickness of stem at top, both of it being a constant design variable in the normal optimization problem. Results show that about 15% weight reduction is achieved while comparing with manual solution.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of soil contamination on the behavior of a pile group driven into clayey soils is the subject of a study, and a mechanical model had been manufactured to study the behaviour of pile group (2×2) subjected to one-way cyclic lateral loading, and embedded in contaminated soils.
Abstract: The impact of soil contamination on the behavior of a pile group driven into clayey soils is the subject of this study. A mechanical model had been manufactured to study the behavior of pile group (2×2) subjected to one-way cyclic lateral loading, and embedded in contaminated soils. The tests were performed on a free headed pile group with two ratios of eccentricity to embedded length (e/L) equal to 0.25 and 0.5. The intact soil samples were obtained from Al- Musayib city in the center of Iraq, while the industrial wastewater is a byproduct discharged from Al-Musayib thermal electric power plant, which is located in the same region where the soil samples have been obtained. The intact clayey soil samples were contaminated synthetically with four percentages of (10, 20, 40 and 100) % by weight of distilled water used in the soaking process of soil samples, which continued for 30 days. On the basis of the results of tests, the different percentages of contaminants have nonlinear effects on the lateral load-displacement relation of the pile group. The lateral resistance of pile group decreased with increasing the concentration of contamination in the soil. The lateral bearing capacity of pile group decreased by (4-31)% for e/L equals 0.25 and 0.5, and the ratio of permanent displacement to the total displacement increased by (18-33)% with increasing the percentage of contamination in the soil. The efficiency of the pile group was (81-87)% from one single pile group.
12 citations