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Foundation analysis and design
01 Jan 1968-
TL;DR: In this paper, Fondation de soutenagement et al. presented a reference record for Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08.
Abstract: Keywords: Fondation ; Mur de soutenement ; Pieux ; Capacite portante ; Ancrage ; Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed an enhanced Firefly optimization algorithm based on an inertia weight approach to find an optimal location of a borehole in a localized region of the Republic of Korea using a real borehole data set.
Abstract: Drilling boreholes for the exploration of groundwater incurs high cost with potential risk of failures. However, borehole drilling should only be done in regions with a high probability of faster and easier access to water-bearing strata, so that groundwater resources can be effectively managed. However, regional strati-graphic uncertainties drive the decision of the optimal drilling location search. Unfortunately, due to the unavailability of a robust solution, most contemporary solutions rely on physical testing methods that are resource intensive. In this regard, a pilot study is conducted to determine the optimal borehole drilling location using a predictive optimization technique that takes strati-graphic uncertainties into account. The study is conducted in a localized region of the Republic of Korea using a real borehole data set. In this study we proposed an enhanced Firefly optimization algorithm based on an inertia weight approach to find an optimal location. The results of the classification and prediction model serve as an input to the optimization model to implement a well-crafted objective function. For predictive modeling a deep learning based chained multioutput prediction model is developed to predict groundwater-level and drilling depth. For classification of soil color and land-layer a weighted voting ensemble classification model based on Support Vector Machines, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosted Machine is developed. For weighted voting, an optimal set of weights is determined using a novel hybrid optimization algorithm. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The proposed classification model achieved an accuracy of 93.45% and 95.34% for soil-color and land-layer, respectively. While the mean absolute error achieved by proposed prediction model for groundwater level and drilling depth is 2.89% and 3.11%, respectively. It is found that the proposed predictive optimization framework can adaptively determine the optimal borehole drilling locations for high strati-graphic uncertainty regions. The findings of the proposed study provide an opportunity to the drilling industry and groundwater boards to achieve sustainable resource management and optimal drilling performance.
04 May 2021
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative analysis of the values obtained by five dynamic equations (Janbu, Danish, Gates, FHWA-Gates and WSDOT) with actual ultimate load capacities (obtained through pile load tests at site) is made.
Abstract: In Civil Engineering, particularly in Geotechnics, several empirical methods, commonly referred to as dynamic equations, have been proposed for prediction of ultimate load capacity of driven piles. However, these formulas are admitted inaccurate and, so, there is a need to evaluate the results obtained by them. In this work a comparative analysis of the values obtained by five dynamic equations (Janbu, Danish, Gates, FHWA-Gates and WSDOT) with actual ultimate load capacities (obtained through pile load tests at site) is made. Errors are measured using the root mean squared error and the correlation between the equation´s results and the measured values is verified. The results showed important differences between the ultimate capacities obtained from the analyzed models and the real values verified in field tests. It was also verified a superiority, in terms of lower error and greater correlation, of the WSDOT and Danish formulas. Attempts were made to improve the methods. For this, coefficients were determined that, when multiplied by the results of the formulas, promoted a reduction in error. Once again, WSDOT presented best perform in terms of correlation and error.
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: For example, SSI as mentioned in this paper ) is a pseudonym for SSI, which stands for "Supporting Sustainability and Quality of Life" (SQS) and is defined as:
Abstract: 现在的纸处理高增强的具体烟囱的数字分析，堆的椽子地基就土壤的灵活性而言使遭到了到沿着风负担。分析根据土壤结构相互作用(SSI ) 的直接方法用有限元素方法被执行。线性有弹性的材料行为为烟囱，堆的木排和土壤被假定。土壤阶层的四个不同材料性质被选择以便学习 SSI 的效果。烟囱举起和堆的木排基础的木排的厚度也为参量的学习被改变。烟囱被假定位于地面范畴 2 并且作为每 IS:875 (第 3 部分) 使遭到了到 50 m/s 的最大的风速度 -1987。沿着风负担根据 IS:4998 (第 1 部分) 被计算 -1992。从分析与那些相比的 SSI 评估的烟囱的基础时刻作为每 IS:4998 (第 1 部分) 获得了 -1992。堆的椽子地基的木排的正切、光线的弯曲时刻通过 SSI 分析并且与作为每 IS:11089-1984 从常规分析获得的那些相比被评估，假定在椽子地基的底的刚硬。堆的木排基础的木排的解决，堆积的偏转和堆积的时刻也由于和不同土壤阶层的相互作用被评估。从分析，在烟囱的基础时刻的可观的减小由于 SSI 的效果被观察。当时，更高光线的时刻和更低的正切的时刻与堆的木排在松开的沙上休息为更低的举起烟囱被获得与常规分析结果相比。当结构基础系统与松开的沙交往时，在堆积的反应的 SSI 的效果是更重要的。
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the review of displacement is in the core zone at different elevations and different water level conditions using back analysis method and then it could be analyzed displacement result between modelling and monitoring instrumentation using Settlement Gauge.
Abstract: On the dams, there are many parameters may change and be different from design. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the parameters so that it can comply with conditions in the field. By knowing the material parameters can foresee events in the future during operational condition of dam. It is because material parameters can influence behaviour of the structure. Displacement, one aspect in failure of dam, is considered due to its function to accommodate design of camber in dam crest and provide early warning system. Displacement behaviour is related to material parameters in term of Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio. Nevertheless, difficulties for testing material in the dam make approach method to analysis material parameters are required. One of them is done by numerical simulation. In this study, the review of displacement is in the core zone at different elevations and different water level conditions. Value of material parameters which influence displacement were determined using back analysis method. Then, it could be analysed displacement result between modelling and monitoring instrumentation using Settlement Gauge. Results show good agreement trend between those displacement’s results. Moreover, the displacement’s value from simulation model analysis is greater than Settlement Gauge.
TL;DR: In this article, finite element analyses were performed to find out the load bearing behavior of sand and clay which sustain three types of shallow footing, and the ultimate bearing loads determined by 1 inch settlement criteria were slightly less than those of numerical analyses.
Abstract: In order to find out the load bearing behavior of sand and clay which sustain three types of shallow footing, finite element analyses were performed. Failure zone of sand which sustain strip footing was affected by relative density of sand whereas, failure zone of clay was not affected by soil strength and it was similar to the failure zone which is considered in theory. Considering the shape of load-settlement curves obtained by numerical analyses ,punching shear failure can be seen in loose sand and ultimate bearing load can not be seen in dense sand whereas, yielding point can be seen in clay. Ultimate bearing loads for sand predicted by theory were greater than those obtained by numerical analyses and ultimate bearing loads for clay predicted by theory were similar to those of numerical analyses. Ultimate bearing loads determined by 1 inch settlement criteria were slightly less than those of numerical analyses.
Additional excerpts
...깊은기초에 대한 하중-침 하곡선으로부터 극한하중을 결정하는 방법은 다수 제안 되어 있다[8-15]....
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