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Foundation analysis and design

01 Jan 1968-
TL;DR: In this paper, Fondation de soutenagement et al. presented a reference record for Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08.
Abstract: Keywords: Fondation ; Mur de soutenement ; Pieux ; Capacite portante ; Ancrage ; Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a parametric three-dimensional nonlinear numerical analysis was carried out for different arrangements of pile groups and the response of the pile groups is compared to that of the single pile.
Abstract: The response of laterally loaded pile foundations may be significantly important in the design of structures for such loads. A static horizontal pile load test is able to provide a load–deflection curve for a single free-head pile, which significantly differs from that of a free- or fixed-head pile group, depending on the particular group configuration. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence of the interaction between the piles of a group fixed in a rigid pile cap on both the lateral load capacity and the stiffness of the group. For this purpose, a parametric three-dimensional non-linear numerical analysis was carried out for different arrangements of pile groups. The response of the pile groups is compared to that of the single pile. The influence of the number of piles, the spacing and the deflection level to the group response is discussed. Furthermore, the contribution of the piles constituting the group to the total group resistance is examined. Finally, a relationship is proposed allowing a reasonable prediction of the response of fixed-head pile groups at least for similar soil profile conditions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory model tests and numerical analysis carried on geosynthetic reinforced granular piles under short term loading were conducted on unreinforced, vertical encased, reinforced with horizontal strips and combined vertical-horizontal reinforcedgranular piles.
Abstract: The installation of reinforced granular piles is a commonly adopted technique to improve load carrying capacity and reduce settlements in very soft clayey soils. This paper presents results of a series of laboratory model tests and numerical analysis carried on geosynthetic reinforced granular pile under short term loading. Unit cell concept has been adopted. Laboratory model tests were conducted on unreinforced, vertical encased, reinforced with horizontal strips and combined vertical-horizontal reinforced granular piles. The loading was applied either over the entire cylindrical tank area or only over the area of granular piles. The effects of various parameters such as reinforcement, encasement stiffness, shear strength of clay, length and diameter of granular piles have been studied. Experimental results in the form of vertical load intensity-settlement relationship have been compared with that obtained from PLAXIS 3D. The results of laboratory model tests indicated significant influence of reinforcement on the ultimate load intensity of granular piles and ultimate bearing capacity of treated ground. Lateral bulging in reinforced granular piles has also been controlled by incorporating geosynthetic materials.

42 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...The Poisson’s ratio was taken as per typical values suggested by Bowles [43]....

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  • ...typical values suggested by Bowles [43]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The comparison between the results of the new method and selected other algorithms indicate that, the proposed method could provide solutions of high quality, accuracy and efficiency and outperforms other methods for optimum design of retaining structure.
Abstract: This paper presents an effective optimization method for nonlinear constrained optimization of retaining structures. A newly developed heuristic global optimization algorithm called gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is introduced and applied for the optimization of retaining structures. The optimization procedure controls all geotechnical and structural design constraints while reducing the overall cost of the retaining wall. To verify the efficiency of the proposed method, two design examples of retaining structures are illustrated. To further validate the effectiveness and robustness of the GSA, these examples are solved using two other heuristic algorithms namely particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. The comparison between the results of the new method and selected other algorithms indicate that, the proposed method could provide solutions of high quality, accuracy and efficiency and outperforms other methods for optimum design of retaining structure.

42 citations


Cites background from "Foundation analysis and design"

  • ...Upper bound and lower bound constraints In addition to the above constraints and based on Bowles (1982) and ACI 318-05 (2005), all design variables have practical minimum and maximum value....

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  • ...Design constraints According to Bowles (1982) and ACI 318-05 (2005), the design constraints may be classified as geotechnical and structural requirements....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for determining the lateral load transfer curve (p-y curve) is proposed from field and laboratory model tests and a numerical analysis that takes into account the proposed p-y curves was performed for major parameters on pile flexibility such as the pile diameter, the pile length, pile bending stiffness, and the modulus of subgrade reaction.
Abstract: The load distribution and deformation of offshore piles are investigated using experimental tests and a numerical analysis. Special attention is given to the soil-pile rigidity of laterally loaded piles. Rigid-and flexible-pile analyses were conducted for comparison. A framework for determining the lateral load transfer curve (p-y curve) is proposed from field and laboratory model tests. A numerical analysis that takes into account the proposed p-y curves was performed for major parameters on pile flexibility such as the pile diameter, the pile length, pile bending stiffness, and the modulus of subgrade reaction. Based on the analysis, it is shown that there are significant differences in bending moment and lateral displacement in flexible piles rather than rigid piles. Through the comparative studies, it is found that the p-y curves influence the behavior of a flexible pile more than of a rigid pile and, thus, the magnitude and distribution of the p-y curves highly influence the pile behavior when it is ...

42 citations


Cites methods from "Foundation analysis and design"

  • ...In most of the previous models (Vesic, 1961 ; Carter, 1984 ; Bowles, 1988 ; Ling, 1988 ), the modulus of subgrade reaction of the p-y curve K is taken proportional to the soil modulus of elasticity (E s ) and pile diameter (D), and is inversely proportional to the Poisson's ratio of soil (μ) and flexural rigidity of pile (E p I p )....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the most accurate and realistic modelling technique and computation method for treatment of dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects in seismic analysis and design of structures were adopted.
Abstract: Adopting the most accurate and realistic modelling technique and computation method for treatment of dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects in seismic analysis and design of structures re...

41 citations


Cites background or methods from "Foundation analysis and design"

  • ...Bowles (1996) describes that, in the Lumped Parameter method, the effect of frequency-dependent soil-flexibility on the behaviour of overall structural system is higher than what is obtained from the frequency-independent behaviour determined by Winkler model. The additional damping effect imparted by the soil to the overall system may also be conveniently accounted for in this method of analysis. However, he concluded that the accuracy of this method is not adequate for complex problems. Dutta and Roy (2002) elucidated that the effects of SSI on the dynamic behaviour of structures may conveniently be analysed using the Lumped Parameter approach....

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  • ...Bowles (1996) describes that, in the Lumped Parameter method, the effect of frequency-dependent soil-flexibility on the behaviour of overall structural system is higher than what is obtained from the frequency-independent behaviour determined by Winkler model. The additional damping effect imparted by the soil to the overall system may also be conveniently accounted for in this method of analysis. However, he concluded that the accuracy of this method is not adequate for complex problems. Dutta and Roy (2002) elucidated that the effects of SSI on the dynamic behaviour of structures may conveniently be analysed using the Lumped Parameter approach. However, resorting to the numerical modelling may be required for important structures where more rigorous analyses are necessary. Jahromi (2009) concluded that this method cannot deal accurately with geometric and material nonlinearity, hence modelling the non-linear response of both soil and structure becomes complex for which more sophisticated modelling approaches would be required....

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  • ...According to Bowles (1996), Winkler model denotes the soil medium as a system of interchangeable but independent, closely spaced, discrete and linearly elastic springs....

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  • ...Baker (1957), Vesic (1961), Kramrisch and Rogers (1961), Bowles (1996), and Brown, Laurent, and Tilton (1977) conducted research on the basis of Winkler hypothesis due to its simplicity....

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  • ...Bowles (1996) describes that, in the Lumped Parameter method, the effect of frequency-dependent soil-flexibility on the behaviour of overall structural system is higher than what is obtained from the frequency-independent behaviour determined by Winkler model....

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