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Foundation analysis and design
01 Jan 1968-
TL;DR: In this paper, Fondation de soutenagement et al. presented a reference record for Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08.
Abstract: Keywords: Fondation ; Mur de soutenement ; Pieux ; Capacite portante ; Ancrage ; Dimensionnement Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
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TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified finite element (FE) model was developed for estimating seismic response of piles and soils in liquefied and laterally spreading ground is the efficient prediction of local loosening phenomenon (shear localization) at the interlayer between the liquid sand and the overburden crust.
Abstract: A key challenge for estimating seismic response of piles and soils in liquefied and laterally spreading ground is the efficient prediction of local loosening phenomenon (shear localization) at the interlayer between the liquefied loose sand and the overburden crust. To this end, a simplified finite-element (FE) model was developed. In the soil model, a soft interlayer element with a thickness and corresponding low reference shear modulus was developed to represent the shear localization phenomenon. The proposed FE models were then used to simulate centrifuge tests of a single pile, a two-pile group, and a six-pile group in sloping liquefiable profiles that lead to lateral spreading. Predicted results of the shear-localization-induced soil lateral spreading displacement, as well as the structural response, agree reasonably well with the test records, indicating that the proposed FE model is capable of approximating the seismic responses of soil and piles in liquefied and laterally spreading ground....
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method was proposed to predict the compressive bearing capacity of driven piles based on the number of hammer strikes in the last one meter of pile penetration (known here as Flap number).
Abstract: A new method was proposed to predict the compressive bearing capacity of driven piles based on the number of hammer strikes in the last one meter of pile penetration (known here as Flap number). To collect the data, a literature review was done on technical publications and pile driving record reports that were accessible to the authors at the time of publication. The data of a hundred driven piles including Flap number, basic properties of the surrounding soil, pile geometry, and pile-soil friction angle was collected. These data were initially used in the artificial neural network to establish a relation for predicting pile capacity. Subsequently, by using genetic programing and linear regression, equations for determining pile bearing capacity with respect to the Flap number, soil parameters, and pile geometries were proposed. Finally, the performance of all applied methods in predicting the pile bearing capacity were compared. The utmost importance was given to the comparison of the accuracy of the three models as well as the error estimation.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a column supported hyperbolic cooling tower and its supporting annular raft-soil system were analyzed under the influence of symmetrical wind load acting upon it.
33 citations
TL;DR: An effective hybrid evolutionary approach for multi-objective optimisation of reinforced concrete (RC) retaining walls by combining an adaptive gravitational search algorithm (AGSA) with pattern search (PS) called AGSA–PS which significantly outperforms the original algorithm and some other methods in the literature.
Abstract: This paper presents an effective hybrid evolutionary approach for multi-objective optimisation of reinforced concrete (RC) retaining walls. The proposed algorithm combines an adaptive gravitational search algorithm (AGSA) with pattern search (PS) called AGSA–PS. In the resulting hybrid approach, the PS algorithm is employed as a local search algorithm around the global solution found by AGSA. The proposed algorithm was tested on a set of five well-known benchmark functions and simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the new method compared with the standard algorithm. Thereafter, the proposed AGSA–PS is applied for multi-objective optimisation of RC retaining walls. Two objective functions include total cost and embedded CO2 emissions of retaining wall are considered. The reliability and efficiency of the AGSA–PS for multi-objective optimisation of retaining structures are investigated by considering two design examples of retaining walls. Experimental results demonstrate that the resulting algo...
33 citations
Cites background from "Foundation analysis and design"
...The active and passive earth pressure can be evaluated by the Rankine or Coulomb theory (Bowles 1982). qmin and qmax are the minimum and maximum bearing stresses on the base of the foundation, respectively, based on the following equation: qmin max = ∑ V B ( 1 ∓ 6e B ) ....
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...In addition to the above-mentioned constraints, the design variables have practical minimum and maximum value (Bowles 1982)....
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TL;DR: Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive borehole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting, an empirical formulation is proposed for the rapid determination of allowable bearing capacity of shallow foundations as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive bore-hole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting, an empirical formulation is proposed for the rapid determination of allowable bearing capacity of shallow foundations. The proposed expression consistently corroborates the results of the classical theory and is proven to be rapid and reliable. It consists of only two soil parameters, namely, the in situ measured shear wave velocity, and the unit weight. The unit weight may be also determined with sufficient accuracy by means of another empirical expression using the P-wave velocity. It is indicated that once the shear and P-wave velocities are measured in situ by an appropriate geophysical survey, the allowable bearing capacity as well as the coefficient of subgrade reaction and many other elasticity parameters may be determined rapidly and reliably through a single step operation, not only for soils, but also for rock formations. Such an innovative approach, using the seismic wave velocities only, is considerably cost- and time-saving in practice.
33 citations