Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation
Shu-Hong Zhu,Jessica Y Sun,Erika Bonnevie,Sharon E. Cummins,Anthony Gamst,Lu Yin,Madeleine Lee +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The number of e-cigarette brands is large and has been increasing, and older brands tend to highlight their advantages over conventional cigarettes while newer brands emphasise consumer choice in multiple flavours and product versatility.Abstract:
Introduction E-cigarettes are largely unregulated and internet sales are substantial. This study examines how the online market for e-cigarettes has changed over time: in product design and in marketing messages appearing on websites. Methods Comprehensive internet searches of Englishlanguage websites from May–August 2012 and December 2013–January 2014 identified brands, models, flavours, nicotine strengths, ingredients and product claims. Brands were divided into older and newer groups (by the two searches) for comparison. Results By January 2014 there were 466 brands (each with its own website) and 7764 unique flavours. In the 17 months between the searches, there was a net increase of 10.5 brands and 242 new flavours per month. Older brands were more likely than newer brands to offer cigalikes (86.9% vs 52.1%, p<0.01), and newer brands more likely to offer the more versatile eGos and mods (75.3% vs 57.8%, p<0.01). Older brands were significantly more likely to claim that they were healthier and cheaper than cigarettes, were good substitutes where smoking was banned and were effective smoking cessation aids. Newer brands offered more flavours per brand (49 vs 32, p<0.01) and were less likely to compare themselves with conventional cigarettes. Conclusions The number of e-cigarette brands is large and has been increasing. Older brands tend to highlight their advantages over conventional cigarettes while newer brands emphasise consumer choice in multiple flavours and product versatility. These results can serve as a benchmark for future research on the impact of upcoming regulations on product design and advertising messages of e-cigarettes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Emelia J. Benjamin,Michael J. Blaha,Stephanie E. Chiuve,Mary Cushman,Sandeep R Das,Rajat Deo,Sarah D. de Ferranti,James S. Floyd,Myriam Fornage,Cathleen Gillespie,Carmen R. Isasi,Monik C. Jim'nez,Lori Chaffn Jordan,Suzanne E. Judd,Daniel T. Lackland,Judith H. Lichtman,Lynda D. Lisabeth,Simin Liu,Chris T. Longenecker,Rachel H. Mackey,Kunihiro Matsushita,Dariush Mozaffarian,Michael E. Mussolino,Khurram Nasir,Robert W. Neumar,Latha Palaniappan,Dilip K. Pandey,Ravi R. Thiagarajan,Mathew J. Reeves,Matthew D. Ritchey,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Gregory A. Roth,Wayne D. Rosamond,Comilla Sasson,Amytis Towfghi,Connie W. Tsao,Melanie B. Turner,Salim S. Virani,Jenifer H. Voeks,Joshua Z. Willey,John T. Wilkins,Jason H Y Wu,Heather M. Alger,Sally S. Wong,Paul Muntner +44 more
TL;DR: WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan,MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Dariush Mozaffarian,Emelia J. Benjamin,Alan S. Go,Donna K. Arnett,Michael J. Blaha,Mary Cushman,Sandeep R Das,Sarah D. de Ferranti,Jean-Pierre Després,Heather J. Fullerton,Virginia J. Howard,Mark D. Huffman,Carmen R. Isasi,Monik C. Jiménez,Suzanne E. Judd,Brett M. Kissela,Judith H. Lichtman,Lynda D. Lisabeth,Simin Liu,Rachel H. Mackey,David J. Magid,Darren K. McGuire,Emile R. Mohler,Claudia S. Moy,Paul Muntner,Michael E. Mussolino,Khurram Nasir,Robert W. Neumar,Graham Nichol,Latha Palaniappan,Dilip K. Pandey,Mathew J. Reeves,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Wayne D. Rosamond,Paul D. Sorlie,Joel M. Stein,Amytis Towfighi,Tanya N. Turan,Salim S. Virani,Daniel Woo,Robert W. Yeh,Melanie B. Turner +41 more
TL;DR: Author(s): Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J; Go, Alan S; Arnett, Donna K; Blaha, Michael J; Cushman, Mary; Das, Sandeep R; de Ferranti, Sarah; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Fullerton, Heather J; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Isasi, Carmen R; Jimenez, Monik C; Judd, Suzanne
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Emelia J. Benjamin,Paul Muntner,Alvaro Alonso,Márcio Sommer Bittencourt,Clifton W. Callaway,April P. Carson,Alanna M. Chamberlain,Alex R. Chang,Susan Cheng,Sandeep R Das,Francesca N. Delling,Luc Djoussé,Mitchell S.V. Elkind,Jane F. Ferguson,Myriam Fornage,Lori C. Jordan,Sadiya S. Khan,Brett M. Kissela,Kristen L. Knutson,Tak W. Kwan,Daniel T. Lackland,Tené T. Lewis,Judith H. Lichtman,Chris T. Longenecker,Matthew Shane Loop,Pamela L. Lutsey,Seth S. Martin,Kunihiro Matsushita,Andrew E. Moran,Michael E. Mussolino,Martin O'Flaherty,Ambarish Pandey,Amanda M. Perak,Wayne D. Rosamond,Gregory A. Roth,Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson,Gary Satou,Emily B. Schroeder,Svati H. Shah,Nicole L. Spartano,Andrew Stokes,David L. Tirschwell,Connie W. Tsao,Mintu P. Turakhia,Lisa B. VanWagner,John T. Wilkins,Sally S. Wong,Salim S. Virani +47 more
TL;DR: March 5, 2019 e1 WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA, Chair Elect On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.
Emelia J. Benjamin,Salim S. Virani,Clifton W. Callaway,Alanna M. Chamberlain,Alex R. Chang,Susan Cheng,Stephanie E. Chiuve,Mary Cushman,Francesca N. Delling,Rajat Deo,Sarah D. de Ferranti,Jane F. Ferguson,Myriam Fornage,Cathleen Gillespie,Carmen R. Isasi,Monik C. Jiménez,Lori C. Jordan,Suzanne E. Judd,Daniel T. Lackland,Judith H. Lichtman,Lynda D. Lisabeth,Simin Liu,Chris T. Longenecker,Pamela L. Lutsey,Jason Mackey,David B. Matchar,Kunihiro Matsushita,Michael E. Mussolino,Khurram Nasir,Martin O'Flaherty,Latha Palaniappan,Ambarish Pandey,Dilip K. Pandey,Mathew J. Reeves,Matthew D. Ritchey,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Gregory A. Roth,Wayne D. Rosamond,Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson,Gary Satou,Svati H. Shah,Nicole L. Spartano,David L. Tirschwell,Connie W. Tsao,Jenifer H. Voeks,Joshua Z. Willey,John T. Wilkins,Jason H Y Wu,Heather M. Alger,Sally S. Wong,Paul Muntner +50 more
TL;DR: The Statistical Update represents the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and the cardiovascular risk factors listed in the AHA's My Life Check - Life’s Simple 7, which include core health behaviors and health factors that contribute to cardiovascular health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Salim S. Virani,Alvaro Alonso,Emelia J. Benjamin,Márcio Sommer Bittencourt,Clifton W. Callaway,April P. Carson,Alanna M. Chamberlain,Alex R. Chang,Susan Cheng,Francesca N. Delling,Luc Djoussé,Mitchell S.V. Elkind,Jane F. Ferguson,Myriam Fornage,Sadiya S. Khan,Brett M. Kissela,Kristen L. Knutson,Tak W. Kwan,Daniel T. Lackland,Tené T. Lewis,Judith H. Lichtman,Chris T. Longenecker,Matthew Shane Loop,Pamela L. Lutsey,Seth S. Martin,Kunihiro Matsushita,Andrew E. Moran,Michael E. Mussolino,Amanda M. Perak,Wayne D. Rosamond,Gregory A. Roth,Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson,Gary Satou,Emily B. Schroeder,Svati H. Shah,Christina M. Shay,Nicole L. Spartano,Andrew Stokes,David L. Tirschwell,Lisa B. VanWagner,Connie W. Tsao +40 more
TL;DR: This year's edition of the Statistical Update includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, metrics to assess and monitor healthy diets, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, a focus on the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the American Heart Association’s 2020 Impact Goals.
References
More filters
Directive 2003/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present technical prescriptions concerning the design and construction of agricultural or forestry tractors, as regards the rollover protection structures, as well as the approximation of the laws of the Member States to enable the EC typeapproval procedure provided for in Directive 2003/37/EC to be applied in respect of each type of tractor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electronic cigarette: users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy
Jean-François Etter,Chris Bullen +1 more
TL;DR: E-cigarettes were used much as people would use nicotine replacement medications: by former smokers to avoid relapse or as an aid to cut down or quit smoking, and for quitting and relapse prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metal and Silicate Particles Including Nanoparticles Are Present in Electronic Cigarette Cartomizer Fluid and Aerosol
TL;DR: The presence of metal and silicate particles in cartomizer aerosol demonstrates the need for improved quality control in EC design and manufacture and studies on how EC aerosol impacts the health of users and bystanders.
Journal ArticleDOI
e-Cigarette awareness, use, and harm perceptions in US adults.
TL;DR: In both surveys, non-Hispanic Whites, current smokers, young adults, and those with at least a high-school diploma were most likely to perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful than regular cigarettes.