Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

doi:10.1109/35.995852

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Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

Journal Article•DOI•

Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

David Falconer¹, S.L. Ariyavisitakul, A. Benyamin-Seeyar², B. Eidson³•Institutions (3)

Carleton University¹, Harris Corporation², Conexant³

01 Apr 2002-IEEE Communications Magazine (IEEE)-Vol. 40, Iss: 4, pp 58-66

TL;DR: This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions and discusses similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and presents examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.

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Abstract: Broadband wireless access systems deployed in residential and business environments are likely to face hostile radio propagation environments, with multipath delay spread extending over tens or hundreds of bit intervals. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) is a recognized multicarrier solution to combat the effects of such multipath conditions. This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions. SC radio modems with frequency domain equalization have similar performance, efficiency, and low signal processing complexity advantages as OFDM, and in addition are less sensitive than OFDM to RF impairments such as power amplifier nonlinearities. We discuss similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and present examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.

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Proceedings Article•DOI•

Comparison of CAP and DFT-spread DMT for high speed transmission over 50m SI-POF

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Evangelos Pikasis¹, Sotiris Karabetsos², Thomas Nikas¹, Petr Chvojka³, A. Nassiopoulos², Dimitris Syvridis¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens¹, American Hotel & Lodging Educational Institute², Czech Technical University in Prague³

20 Jul 2016

TL;DR: It is shown that CAP and DFT-Spread DMT achieve a comparable transmission rate for a given bit error rate over the same experimental configuration.

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Abstract: Over the recent years many modulation schemes were proposed for laser based high-speed short-range transmission over step-index plastic optical fiber (SI-POF). Among these schemes, CAP and DFT-Spread DMT demonstrated a good performance for intensity modulation direct-detection transmission via SI-POF. In this work, for the first time, we report on the progress and initial experimentation regarding the comparison of CAP and DFT-Spread DMT for transmission over 50m of 1-mm SI-POF. It is shown that CAP and DFT-Spread DMT achieve a comparable transmission rate for a given bit error rate over the same experimental configuration.

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4 citations

Proceedings Article•DOI•

Compressed sensing-based pilot assignment and reuse for mobile UEs in mmWave cellular systems

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Weng Chon Ao¹, Chenwei Wang¹, Ozgun Y. Bursalioglu², Haralabos Papadopoulos²•Institutions (2)

University of Southern California¹, NTT DoCoMo²

22 May 2016

TL;DR: The problem of fast user detection and CSI acquisition in the downlink of small cell mmWave networks is investigated and pilot designs and channel estimators that leverage a combination of aggressive pilot reuse with fastuser detection at the base station and compressed sensing channel estimation are proposed.

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Abstract: Technologies for millimeter wave (mmWave) communication are at the forefront of investigations in both industry and academia, as the mmWave band offers the promise of orders of magnitude additional available bandwidths to what has already been allocated to cellular networks. The much larger number of antennas that can be supported in a small footprint at mmWave bands can be leveraged to harvest massive-MIMO type beamforming and spatial multiplexing gains. Similar to Long-Term Evolution (LTE) systems, two prerequisites for harvesting these benefits are detecting users and acquiring user channel state information (CSI) in the training phase. However, due to the fact that mmWave channels encounter much harsher propagation and decorrelate much faster, the tasks of user detection and CSI acquisition are both imperative and much more challenging than in LTE bands. In this paper, we investigate the problem of fast user detection and CSI acquisition in the downlink of small cell mmWave networks. We assume Time Division Duplex (TDD) operation and channel-reciprocity based CSI acquisition. To achieve densification benefits we propose pilot designs and channel estimators that leverage a combination of aggressive pilot reuse with fast user detection at the base station and compressed sensing channel estimation. As our simulations show, the number of users that can be simultaneously served by the entire mmWave-band network with the proposed schemes increases substantially with respect to traditional compressed sensing based approaches with conventional pilot reuse.

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4 citations

Cites methods from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...With compressed sensing, the required number of pilot dimensions for training a user channel scales linearly (up to a log-factor) with the number of multi-paths S, contrary to the traditional approach which needs Wτmax pilot dimensions where W is the bandwidth and τmax is the delay spread [13]....
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Proceedings Article•DOI•

Power Efficient MIMO SC-FDE Transmission Using Magnitude Modulation Techniques

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Joao Gante, Marco Gomes, Rui Dinis, Vitor Silva, Francisco Cercas - Show less +1 more

04 Dec 2014

TL;DR: Simulation results show a net power efficiency enhancement, particularly for systems with channel coding, confirming MM as a major asset for high performance communication systems.

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Abstract: Polyphase magnitude modulation (MM) has been shown to be a robust and effortless mean to improve the efficiency of a transmitter's high power amplifier (HPA), due to the real-time reduction of the peak to average power ratio (PAPR). MM's technique flexibility allows us to include the MM system on any existing single-carrier (SC) based transmission system with clear benefits on the achieved bit error rate \emph{vs} overall signal power to noise ratio. This paper analyzes the efficiency of MM when added to a multi- input multi-output (MIMO) system, using a block-based SC transmission combined with iterative block decision feedback equalization (IB-DFE). To improve the IB-DFE performance for low power signals, we consider an additional scheme where low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding and turbo equalization are added. Simulation results show a net power efficiency enhancement, particularly for systems with channel coding, confirming MM as a major asset for high performance communication systems.

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4 citations

Cites background from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...From this perspective, MIMO systems can be combined with popular block-based transmission techniques particularly suited for communication over severe time-dispersive channels by employing low complexity frequency domain equalisation (FDE) [6]....
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...In this paper, we propose to combine MM techniques with MIMO systems for SC-FDE transmissions with IB-DFE equalization at the reception....
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...Popular techniques are orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) [7] This work was supported in part by the Instituto de Telecomunicações and in part by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia under projects: PEst-OE/EEI/LA0008/2013 (P01229 - GLANCES), GALNC (EXPL/EEITEL/1582/2013) and ADIN (PTDC/EEI-TEL/2990/2012). and single-carrier with frequency domain equalisation (SCFDE) [6], the latter being of special interest at the uplink transmission given the low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) [8] and the possibility of replacing the conventional linear FDE by a non-linear FDE such as the iterative-block decision feedback equaliser (IB-DFE) [9], with significant gains in performance....
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...We consider a SC-FDE modulation scheme where the data is transmitted in blocks of M symbols, resulting from direct mapping of the original data bits into a selected constellation, e.g. quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK)....
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...and single-carrier with frequency domain equalisation (SCFDE) [6], the latter being of special interest at the uplink transmission given the low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) [8] and the possibility of replacing the conventional linear FDE by a non-linear FDE such as the iterative-block decision feedback equaliser (IB-DFE) [9], with significant gains in performance....
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Fractionally Spaced Equalization Algorithms in 60GHz Communication System

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Yue, Guangrong, Dong, Aixian, Hong, Hao, Guo, Jianmei, Wang, Lei - Show less +6 more

01 Jan 2014

TL;DR: Several fractionally spaced equalizers (FSE) which could be used in 60GHz systems are presented in this paper and extensive simulation results show that the equalization algorithms not only eliminate ISI efficiently, but are also robust to timing synchronization errors.

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Abstract: Several fractionally spaced equalizers(FSE) which could be used in 60 GHz systems are presented in this paper For 60 GHz systems, low-power equalization algorithms are favorable We focus on FSE in both time domain(TD) and frequency domain(FD) in order to meet different complexity requirements of 60 GHz systems Compared with symbol spaced equalizer(SSE), FSE can relax the requirement of sampling synchronization hardware significantly Extensive simulation results show that our equalization algorithms not only eliminate ISI efficiently, but are also robust to timing synchronization errors

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4 citations

Proceedings Article•DOI•

Noise Predictive Turbo Equalization for a Filter Bank Based Receiver in a SC Transmission System

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Yuan Yang¹, Tero Ihalainen¹, Markku Renfors¹, Mika Rinne²•Institutions (2)

Tampere University of Technology¹, Nokia²

22 Apr 2007

TL;DR: A turbo equalization approach, which includes the recently proposed filter bank based frequency-domain equalizer, and a noise predictor inside of a decision-feedback loop, in coded single-carrier transmission is studied.

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Abstract: For coded transmission over band-limited channels with inter-symbol interference, Douillard proposed the turbo equalization approach which has been studied widely. It is an iterative equalization/decoding algorithm and results in tremendous performance improvement. This paper studies a turbo equalization approach, which includes our recently proposed filter bank based frequency-domain equalizer, and a noise predictor inside of a decision-feedback loop, in coded single-carrier transmission. Its performance is simulated in a frequency-selective channel for QPSK and 16-QAM modulations. Different number of iterations and noise prediction orders are examined. The simulation shows that one iteration with 5-taps noise prediction filter is sufficient to obtain significant gain over linear equalizer.

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4 citations

Cites background or methods from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...The frequency response of optimum fractionallyspaced equalizer with MSE criterion can be written as [1], [2], [9] Wk = σ(2) xC ∗ k |Ĉk|(2)σ(2) x + σ(2) n...
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...It should be emphasized that, in conventional single-carrier FFT-FDE system, the data stream is split into a number of transmission blocks, and a cyclic prefix (CP) is inserted between successive blocks for equalization purposes [1], [2]....
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...Single-carrier transmission with frequency-domain equalization (FDE) has been considered as an alternative technique for broadband wireless communications [1], [2]....
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References

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Open Access

More filters

Book•

Adaptive Filter Theory

[...]

Simon Haykin

01 Jan 1986

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.

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Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.

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16,062 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers methods in this paper

...Adaptation can be done with LMS (least mean square), RLS, or least squares minimization (LS) techniques, analogous to adaptation of time domain equalizers [Hay96], [Cla98]....
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...Overlap-save or overlap-add signal processing techniques could also be used to avoid the extra overhead of the cyclic prefix [Fer85], [Hay96]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

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Jr. L.J. Cimini¹•Institutions (1)

Bell Labs¹

01 Jul 1985-IEEE Transactions on Communications

TL;DR: The analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel using the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel is discussed.

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Abstract: This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel. This system uses the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel. When this technique is used with pilot-based correction, the effects of flat Rayleigh fading can be reduced significantly. An improvement in signal-to-interference ratio of 6 dB can be obtained over the bursty Rayleigh channel. In addition, with each subchannel signaling at a low rate, this technique can provide added protection against delay spread. To enhance the behavior of the technique in a heavily frequency-selective environment, interpolated pilots are used. A frequency offset reference scheme is employed for the pilots to improve protection against cochannel interference.

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2,627 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers background in this paper

...OFDM transmits multiple modulated subcarriers in parallel [ 1 ]....
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...Several variations of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) have been proposed as effective anti-multipath techniques, primarily because of the favorable trade-off they offer between performance in severe multipath and signal processing complexity [ 1 ]....
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Book•

Adaptive filter theory (2nd ed.)

[...]

Simon Haykin¹•Institutions (1)

McMaster University¹

01 Mar 1991

2,447 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

BER sensitivity of OFDM systems to carrier frequency offset and Wiener phase noise

[...]

Thierry Pollet¹, M. Van Bladel¹, Marc Moeneclaey¹•Institutions (1)

Ghent University¹

01 Feb 1995-IEEE Transactions on Communications

TL;DR: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered and the degradation of the bit error rate is evaluated.

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Abstract: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered. The degradation of the bit error rate (BER), caused by the presence of carrier frequency offset and carrier phase noise is analytically evaluated. It is shown that for a given BER degradation, the values of the frequency offset and the linewidth of the carrier generator that are allowed for OFDM are orders of magnitude smaller than for single carrier systems carrying the same bit rate. >

...read moreread less

1,816 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Polyphase codes with good periodic correlation properties (Corresp.)

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D. Chu¹•Institutions (1)

Hewlett-Packard¹

01 Jul 1972-IEEE Transactions on Information Theory

TL;DR: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags.

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Abstract: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags. There is no restriction on code lengths.

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1,624 citations