Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems
TL;DR: This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions and discusses similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and presents examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.
Abstract: Broadband wireless access systems deployed in residential and business environments are likely to face hostile radio propagation environments, with multipath delay spread extending over tens or hundreds of bit intervals. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) is a recognized multicarrier solution to combat the effects of such multipath conditions. This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions. SC radio modems with frequency domain equalization have similar performance, efficiency, and low signal processing complexity advantages as OFDM, and in addition are less sensitive than OFDM to RF impairments such as power amplifier nonlinearities. We discuss similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and present examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.
Citations
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03 May 2015
TL;DR: Simulation results show that multiuser SC- FDMA with subcarrier sharing can considerably increase the spectral efficiency of the communication system while maintaining a similar performance to conventional SC-FDMA in terms of bit error rate (BER) and power consumption.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a multiuser detection approach that can be used in Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems in order to increase its power/spectral efficiency. As opposed to conventional SC-FDMA systems, SC-FDMA with subcarrier sharing allows multiple users to share a common set of subcarrier, thus allowing more data to be transmitted without increasing the bandwidth or going to a higher modulation order. Simulation results show that multiuser SC-FDMA with subcarrier sharing can considerably increase the spectral efficiency of the communication system while maintaining a similar performance to conventional SC-FDMA in terms of bit error rate (BER) and power consumption.
1Â citations
Cites result from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."
...SC-FDMA is a combination of FDMA and Single Carrier Modulation with Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and has a very similar structure and performance to OFDMA [2], [3]....
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TL;DR: It is concluded from the analytical results that if the number of receive antennas goes to infinity as assumed in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system, the BER performance will be determined by two ratios: signal to noise ratio as well as the Nr to U ratio.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the performance of cyclic prefixed single-carrier transmission under multi-user interference (MUI). For multi-user receivers using single carrier frequency domain adaptive antenna array, we derive the signal to interference plus noise ratio by analyzing the time domain estimated signal after the transformation from frequency domain to time domain. By assuming the MUI follows the Gaussian distribution, we can derive the analytical expression for the bit error rate (BER) performance. The analytical result is verified by the numerical results generated by Monte Carlo method. It is concluded from the analytical results that if the number of receive antennas goes to infinity as assumed in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system, the BER performance will be determined by two ratios: signal to noise ratio as well as the $N_r$ to $U$ ratio, where $N_r$ is the number of receive antennas and $U$ is the number of users.
1Â citations
01 Nov 2012
TL;DR: From the extensive link-level simulation results, it is shown that a combination of STBC and TSTD (FSTD) is suitable as four-antenna OL transmit diversity scheme for DFT-precoded OFDMA using turbo FDE and iterative DFCE.
Abstract: This paper compares the block error rate (BLER) performance of open-loop (OL) transmit diversity schemes with four antennas in the uplink for discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-precoded orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). One candidate is a quasi-orthogonal (QO) - space-time block code (STBC) in which four-branch minimum mean-square error combining (MMSEC) is achieved at the cost of residual inter-code interference (ICI). Another candidate is a combination of STBC and selection diversity called time switched transmit diversity (TSTD) or frequency switched transmit diversity (FSTD). We assume a turbo frequency domain equalizer (FDE) associated with iterative decision-feedback channel estimation (DFCE) at a receiver to reduce the influences of the residual ICI and channel estimation (CE) error. From the extensive link-level simulation results, we show that a combination of STBC and TSTD (FSTD) is suitable as four-antenna OL transmit diversity scheme for DFT-precoded OFDMA using turbo FDE and iterative DFCE.
1Â citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a VLC multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication link is proposed as the drill pipe wireless communication link for improved communication reliability in the oil and gas field.
Abstract: High-speed communication has been a major concern in the oil and gas field for downhole data acquisition, transmission and exploration. This has necessitated this investigation of the promising license-free broadband visible light spectrum for improved communication reliability in the oil and gas field. A visible light communication (VLC) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication link is proposed as the drill pipe wireless communication link. The proposed model was seen to perform more optimally using the maximum likelihood detection technique in comparison with zero forcing at reduced bit error rates and improved throughput relative to increasing values of the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Although this investigation proposes a novel design of the wireless drill pipe, its adoption will greatly reduce exploration time thereby increasing the return on investment as data transmission speed increases.
1Â citations
08 Jul 2010
TL;DR: It is shown that the SC-FDMA system's performance is further improved over both FD-LE and FD-DFE when transmit power allocation is applied, and this paper proposes a joint implementation of the derived power allocation scheme with THP.
Abstract: Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) has been selected as the uplink transmission scheme in the 3GPP Long Term Evolution standard. SC-FDMA has reduced sensitivity to phase noise and a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) compared to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. In this paper we propose joint Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding and transmit power allocation for SC-FDMA. We derive the optimum power allocation for SC-FDMA transmission for both Zero-Forcing (ZF) and Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) LE receivers in order to maximize the achievable data rate subject to constant transmit power. Although this improves the system's performance and offers a 1-2 dB improvement over Frequency-Domain Decision Feedback Equalization (FD-DFE), when the proposed transmit power allocation scheme is combined with decision feedback equalization the system incurs a performance degradation due to error propagation. In this paper we propose a joint implementation of the derived power allocation scheme with THP. Here we show that the system's performance is further improved over both FD-LE and FD-DFE when transmit power allocation is applied.
1Â citations
Cites methods from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."
...To improve the performance of FD-LE, a hybrid timefrequency domain DFE was proposed in [4]....
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References
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Book•
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.
Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.
16,062Â citations
"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers methods in this paper
...Adaptation can be done with LMS (least mean square), RLS, or least squares minimization (LS) techniques, analogous to adaptation of time domain equalizers [Hay96], [Cla98]....
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...Overlap-save or overlap-add signal processing techniques could also be used to avoid the extra overhead of the cyclic prefix [Fer85], [Hay96]....
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TL;DR: The analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel using the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel is discussed.
Abstract: This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel. This system uses the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel. When this technique is used with pilot-based correction, the effects of flat Rayleigh fading can be reduced significantly. An improvement in signal-to-interference ratio of 6 dB can be obtained over the bursty Rayleigh channel. In addition, with each subchannel signaling at a low rate, this technique can provide added protection against delay spread. To enhance the behavior of the technique in a heavily frequency-selective environment, interpolated pilots are used. A frequency offset reference scheme is employed for the pilots to improve protection against cochannel interference.
2,627Â citations
"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers background in this paper
...OFDM transmits multiple modulated subcarriers in parallel [ 1 ]....
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...Several variations of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) have been proposed as effective anti-multipath techniques, primarily because of the favorable trade-off they offer between performance in severe multipath and signal processing complexity [ 1 ]....
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TL;DR: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered and the degradation of the bit error rate is evaluated.
Abstract: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered. The degradation of the bit error rate (BER), caused by the presence of carrier frequency offset and carrier phase noise is analytically evaluated. It is shown that for a given BER degradation, the values of the frequency offset and the linewidth of the carrier generator that are allowed for OFDM are orders of magnitude smaller than for single carrier systems carrying the same bit rate. >
1,816Â citations
TL;DR: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags.
Abstract: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags. There is no restriction on code lengths.
1,624Â citations