Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

doi:10.1109/35.995852

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Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

Journal Article•DOI•

Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

David Falconer¹, S.L. Ariyavisitakul, A. Benyamin-Seeyar², B. Eidson³•Institutions (3)

Carleton University¹, Harris Corporation², Conexant³

01 Apr 2002-IEEE Communications Magazine (IEEE)-Vol. 40, Iss: 4, pp 58-66

TL;DR: This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions and discusses similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and presents examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.

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Abstract: Broadband wireless access systems deployed in residential and business environments are likely to face hostile radio propagation environments, with multipath delay spread extending over tens or hundreds of bit intervals. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) is a recognized multicarrier solution to combat the effects of such multipath conditions. This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions. SC radio modems with frequency domain equalization have similar performance, efficiency, and low signal processing complexity advantages as OFDM, and in addition are less sensitive than OFDM to RF impairments such as power amplifier nonlinearities. We discuss similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and present examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.

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Journal Article•

Frequency Domain Equalization Techniques for Multicode DS-CDMA in Frequency Selective Rayleigh Fading Channel

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Sameer Akram Dawood, Maha George Zia

01 Jan 2010-The Journal of Engineering

Proceedings Article•DOI•

Transmission performance of layered-symbol iterative interference cancellation for single-carrier MIMO multiplexing

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A. Nakajima¹, H. Kubo¹•Institutions (1)

Mitsubishi¹

01 Dec 2008

TL;DR: To improve the accuracy of signal separation/detection, layered-symbol iterative interference cancellation (LSIC) is proposed and single-carrier MIMO multiplexing and the achievable frame error rate (FER) performances with LSIC are evaluated by computer simulation to show that LSIC can provide better FER performance than FD-IIC.

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Abstract: One of the promising techniques to achieve high-speed data transmission in limited bandwidth is multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multiplexing. In MIMO multiplexing, signal separation/detection is one of the most important signal processing parts, so that the signal separation/detection schemes have been vigorously researching. Recently, as a promising signal separation/detection scheme, frequency-domain iterative interference cancellation (FD-IIC) has been proposed. FD-IIC can achieve good transmission performance which is close to lower bound when QPSK is used. However, the accuracy of signal separation/detection significantly degrades in case of high data modulation. Therefore, in this paper, to improve the accuracy of signal separation/detection, we propose layered-symbol iterative interference cancellation (LSIC). We consider single-carrier (SC) MIMO multiplexing and the achievable frame error rate (FER) performances with LSIC are evaluated by computer simulation to show that LSIC can provide better FER performance than FD-IIC.

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Cites background from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...The proposed scheme can reduce the required average Eb/N0 for an average FER=10-2 by about 17.5dB, 11.5dB and 3dB compared to ZF-FDE, MMSE-FDE and FD-IIC, respectively....
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...As a candidate transmission scheme for the next wireless communication system, single-carrier (SC) transmission with frequency-domain equalization (FDE) [6,7] is well known....
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...It can be seen that LSIC can provide better FER performance than ZF-FDE, MMSE-FDE and FD-IIC....
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...The degradation of Eb/N0 from theoretical lower bound for the average FDE=10-2 can be reduced by 10.1dB, 5.6dB, 5dB and 4.6dB at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively....
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...At first, MMSE-FDE is carried out to suppress ISI/IAI....
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Proceedings Article•DOI•

A novel subspace-based blind channel estimation for cyclic prefixed single-carrier transmissions

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Feifei Gao¹, Arumugam Nallanathan¹•Institutions (1)

National University of Singapore¹

03 Apr 2006

TL;DR: By fixing one or more symbols in the transmitted block to be real, a simple technique for blind channel estimation that does not need redundant precoding or virtual carriers is developed and the phase ambiguity is resolved.

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Abstract: Blind channel estimation for cyclic prefixed single-carrier (CP-SC) systems via second order statistics (SOS) is considered in this paper. By fixing one or more symbols in the transmitted block to be real, we develop a simple technique for blind channel estimation that does not need redundant precoding or virtual carriers. A side-benefit, yet a novel contribution of the proposed algorithm, is that the phase ambiguity, an inherent problem in traditional blind channel estimation, is also resolved. The elimination of phase ambiguity facilitates signal detection for digital communications where symbols are usually taken from the finite alphabet. The results of the computer simulations clearly show the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm

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Cites background from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...For example, SC-FDE delivers performance similar to OFDM with essentially the same overall complexity but the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in SCFDE is much smaller....
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...I. INTRODUCTION Recently, cyclic prefixed single carrier (CP-SC) communication with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) [1]- [4] has attracted much interest since it has nearly all the advantages of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) [5] but offers significant performance improvements over OFDM in certain environments....
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...Therefore, the SC-FDE approach has essentially the same performance and low complexity as the OFDM system [1]....
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...Recently, cyclic prefixed single carrier (CP-SC) communication with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) [1]- [4] has attracted much interest since it has nearly all the advantages of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) [5] but offers significant performance improvements over OFDM in certain environments....
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Proceedings Article•DOI•

Co-Channel Interference Cancellation for Downlink Block Transmission with Cyclic Prefix

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Kazunori Hayashi¹, Hideaki Sakai¹•Institutions (1)

Kyoto University¹

11 May 2008

TL;DR: Computer simulation results show that the proposed iterative LS interference cancellation and equalization method can achieve almost the same bit error rate (BER) performance as an minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) approach with lower computational complexity and without noise variance estimation.

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Abstract: This paper proposes co-channel interference cancellation / equalization methods for downlink block transmission with cyclic prefix in multi-cell environments using multiple receiving antennas and iterative least-square (LS) interference cancellation. Due to circulant structure of channel matrices in block transmission schemes with cyclic prefix, pseudo inverse matrices, which is required in the iterative LS method, can be obtained with low computational complexity and is multiplied to the received signal in an efficient manner. Computer simulation results show that the proposed iterative LS interference cancellation and equalization method can achieve almost the same bit error rate (BER) performance as an minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) approach with lower computational complexity and without noise variance estimation.

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Book Chapter•DOI•

How to Realise a Superior Modem

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Marc Engels

01 Jan 2006

TL;DR: In this chapter, a brief review of the implementation challenges in designing cost-efficient BFWA transceivers was provided and flexible interfaces between hardware and software and between digital and analog processing were pointed out as crucial features.

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Abstract: In this chapter, we have provided a brief review of the implementation challenges in designing cost-efficient BFWA transceivers. The overall architecture was our first point of attention. The top-level architectural choices are normally taken at a very early stage in the design process, and may have a tremendous impact on the quality of the final result. Flexible interfaces between hardware and software and between digital and analog processing were pointed out as crucial features.

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Cites background or result from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

...The performance of OFDM and single-carrier with frequency-domain equalization has been studied by several authors [ 13 ][15][16]....
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...A comprehensive overview can be found in [ 13 ]....
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References

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Book•

Adaptive Filter Theory

[...]

Simon Haykin

01 Jan 1986

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.

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Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.

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16,062 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers methods in this paper

...Adaptation can be done with LMS (least mean square), RLS, or least squares minimization (LS) techniques, analogous to adaptation of time domain equalizers [Hay96], [Cla98]....
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...Overlap-save or overlap-add signal processing techniques could also be used to avoid the extra overhead of the cyclic prefix [Fer85], [Hay96]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

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Jr. L.J. Cimini¹•Institutions (1)

Bell Labs¹

01 Jul 1985-IEEE Transactions on Communications

TL;DR: The analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel using the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel is discussed.

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Abstract: This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel. This system uses the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel. When this technique is used with pilot-based correction, the effects of flat Rayleigh fading can be reduced significantly. An improvement in signal-to-interference ratio of 6 dB can be obtained over the bursty Rayleigh channel. In addition, with each subchannel signaling at a low rate, this technique can provide added protection against delay spread. To enhance the behavior of the technique in a heavily frequency-selective environment, interpolated pilots are used. A frequency offset reference scheme is employed for the pilots to improve protection against cochannel interference.

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2,627 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers background in this paper

...OFDM transmits multiple modulated subcarriers in parallel [ 1 ]....
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...Several variations of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) have been proposed as effective anti-multipath techniques, primarily because of the favorable trade-off they offer between performance in severe multipath and signal processing complexity [ 1 ]....
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Book•

Adaptive filter theory (2nd ed.)

[...]

Simon Haykin¹•Institutions (1)

McMaster University¹

01 Mar 1991

2,447 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

BER sensitivity of OFDM systems to carrier frequency offset and Wiener phase noise

[...]

Thierry Pollet¹, M. Van Bladel¹, Marc Moeneclaey¹•Institutions (1)

Ghent University¹

01 Feb 1995-IEEE Transactions on Communications

TL;DR: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered and the degradation of the bit error rate is evaluated.

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Abstract: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered. The degradation of the bit error rate (BER), caused by the presence of carrier frequency offset and carrier phase noise is analytically evaluated. It is shown that for a given BER degradation, the values of the frequency offset and the linewidth of the carrier generator that are allowed for OFDM are orders of magnitude smaller than for single carrier systems carrying the same bit rate. >

...read moreread less

1,816 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Polyphase codes with good periodic correlation properties (Corresp.)

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D. Chu¹•Institutions (1)

Hewlett-Packard¹

01 Jul 1972-IEEE Transactions on Information Theory

TL;DR: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags.

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Abstract: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags. There is no restriction on code lengths.

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1,624 citations