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Journal Article•DOI•

Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

David Falconer1, S.L. Ariyavisitakul, A. Benyamin-Seeyar2, B. Eidson3•
Carleton University1, Harris Corporation2, Conexant3
01 Apr 2002-IEEE Communications Magazine (IEEE)-Vol. 40, Iss: 4, pp 58-66
TL;DR: This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions and discusses similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and presents examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.
Abstract: Broadband wireless access systems deployed in residential and business environments are likely to face hostile radio propagation environments, with multipath delay spread extending over tens or hundreds of bit intervals. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) is a recognized multicarrier solution to combat the effects of such multipath conditions. This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions. SC radio modems with frequency domain equalization have similar performance, efficiency, and low signal processing complexity advantages as OFDM, and in addition are less sensitive than OFDM to RF impairments such as power amplifier nonlinearities. We discuss similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and present examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.

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Citations
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Proceedings Article•DOI•
Power allocation for downlink multi-user SC-FDMA visible light communication systems

[...]

Mohamed Kashef1, Mohamed Abdallah1, Khalid A. Qaraqe1•
Texas A&M University at Qatar1
18 Mar 2015
TL;DR: This paper investigates the performance of a SC-FDMA VLC system for the scenario of dowlink multiuser data transmission and considers optimizing the total transmission power and the subcarriers power allocation to maximize the minimum achievable data rate of the VLC users under transmit power constraint.
Abstract: Visible light communication (VLC) is a wireless communication technology in which data is transferred over the huge and unused visible light spectrum. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are used in data transmission and hence their nonlinearities including limited dynamic range lead to a considerable impact on the performance of VLC systems. Single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is commonly used to decrease the peak to average power ratio and hence has been introduced for single user VLC systems to mitigate the effect of nonlinearities. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a SC-FDMA VLC system for the scenario of dowlink multiuser data transmission. We consider optimizing the total transmission power and the subcarriers power allocation for a VLC access point to maximize the minimum achievable data rate of the VLC users under transmit power constraint. While calculating the achievable rate, we consider the effect of signal clipping due to the LED nonlinearities.

19 citations

Cites background from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

  • ...As a result, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is introduced to reduce the PAPR [7]....

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  • ...The major limitation of exploiting O-OFDM techniques is their high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) where the nonlinearities of the used LEDs have a major impact on the VLC systems performance [5]....

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  • ...This choice is motivated by the advantage of the reduced PAPR of SC-FDMA and the limited dynamic range of the used LED transmitters....

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  • ...SC-FDMA is able to maintain the high data rate of VLC systems with O-OFDM while reducing the PAPR [8]....

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  • ...Hence, it has the advantages of lowering the PAPR and maintaining the resource allocation flexibility of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems....

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Journal Article•DOI•
The Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers

[...]

Gérard Kuhn
01 Jul 2004-Higher Education in Europe
TL;DR: The overall mission of the Conservatoire national des arts et metiers (CNAM) is outlined in this paper, where the Centre national de l'entrepreneuriat (CNE) is described in detail.
Abstract: The overall mission of the Conservatoire national des arts et metiers—(CNAM) [National Conservatory of Industrial Arts and Trades] is outlined. One of its centers, the Centre national de l'entrepreneuriat—(CNE) [National Center for Entrepreneurship] is described in greater detail. In particular, this center offers various services, notably training and retraining, to small entrepreneurs, including distance training via a virtual training system, @ppui©. It also offers a range of entrepreneurial consultation services to small and to very small businesses and to regional institutions.

19 citations

Cites background or methods from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

  • ...On the other hand, when DFT de-spreading is performed at the receiver, the noise is spread over all the subcarriers and generates a noise enhancement, which degrades the SC-FDM performance and requires the use of a more complex one-tap equalization based on a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) receiver [28]....

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  • ...Its main principle is the same as for OFDM, thus the same benefits in terms of multipath mitigation and low complexity equalization are achievable [28]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
A novel receiver architecture for single-carrier transmission over time-varying channels

[...]

Zijian Tang1, Geert Leus1•
Delft University of Technology1
01 Feb 2008-IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
TL;DR: This paper presents a single-carrier transceiver for rapidly time-varying channels, where the equalization step is implemented in the frequency domain and proposes a novel receiver architecture that extends the original data model by inserting zeros at the receiver.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a single-carrier transceiver for rapidly time-varying channels, where the equalization step is implemented in the frequency domain. When the channel abides with both fast fading and severe inter-block interference, our equalizer relies on a band approximation of the frequency-domain channel matrix to maintain low complexity. We will show that the band approximation error can be associated in the time domain to a critically-sampled complex exponential basis expansion modeling error. Based on this property, we propose a novel receiver architecture that extends the original data model by inserting zeros at the receiver. The resulting effective channel can be characterized by an oversampled complex exponential basis expansion model, which has a considerably reduced modeling error compared to the critically-sampled one. In other words, the band assumption that is essential to the equalizer will be made more accurate and thus the equalization performance can be improved.

19 citations

Cites methods from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

  • ...IN A SINGLE-CARRIER transmission system over a lengthy channel, it is more efficient to equalize the channel in the frequency domain utilizing a simple one-tap equalizer [1]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
DFT-Spread DMT Modulation for 1-Gb/s Transmission Rate Over 100 m of 1-mm SI-POF

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Sotiris Karabetsos, Evangelos Pikasis1, Thomas Nikas, A. Nassiopoulos, Dimitris Syvridis1 •
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens1
15 May 2012-IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
TL;DR: In this paper, the DFT-spread DMT was used for the first time in short range optical transmission (over 100 m) with 1-mm step-index plastic optical fiber link, and its superior performance, compared with the standard DMT scheme, was demonstrated.
Abstract: In this letter, the discrete Fourier transform-spread discrete multitone modulation (DFT-spread DMT) scheme has been used for the first time in laser-based short range optical transmission (over 100 m) with 1-mm step-index plastic optical fiber link, and its superior performance, compared with the standard DMT scheme, was demonstrated. The DFT-spread DMT combines the advantages of both single carrier and multicarrier transmission together with a lower peak-to-average power ratio. Under the same experimental conditions, a lower bit-error-rate is achieved with DFT-spread DMT compared with standard DMT for transmission rates in the 1-Gb/s range.

19 citations

Cites background from "Frequency domain equalization for s..."

  • ...Based on pilot subcarriers, channel estimation and FDE of the received symbols is performed....

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  • ...On the other hand, besides spectral efficiency, DMT offers many advantages [5] including, the employment of Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) [6] and channel adaptation (e....

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  • ...On the other hand, besides spectral efficiency, DMT offers many advantages [5] including, the employment of Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) [6] and channel adaptation (e.g., bit-loading)....

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  • ...Index Terms— Discrete Fourier transform-spread discrete multitone modulation (DFT-spread DMT), DMT, intensity modulation direct detection (IM/DD), optical fiber, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), short range networking, single carrier-frequency-domain equalization (FDE), step-index plastic optical fiber (SI-POF)....

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  • ...The DFT-spread DMT has in essence a SC nature hence the inherent advantage of a lower PAPR and also allows for FDE [6]....

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Patent•
Full duplex backhaul radio with transmit beamforming

[...]

Kevin J. Negus
05 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, an intelligent backhaul radio is proposed that is compact, light and low power for street level mounting, operates at 100 Mb/s or higher at ranges of 300 m or longer in obstructed LOS conditions with low latencies of 5 ms or less, supports PTP and PMP topologies, uses radio spectrum resources efficiently and does not require precise physical antenna alignment.
Abstract: A intelligent backhaul radio is disclosed that is compact, light and low power for street level mounting, operates at 100 Mb/s or higher at ranges of 300 m or longer in obstructed LOS conditions with low latencies of 5 ms or less, can support PTP and PMP topologies, uses radio spectrum resources efficiently and does not require precise physical antenna alignment.

19 citations

References
More filters
Book•
Adaptive Filter Theory

[...]

Simon Haykin
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.
Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.

16,062 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Adaptation can be done with LMS (least mean square), RLS, or least squares minimization (LS) techniques, analogous to adaptation of time domain equalizers [Hay96], [Cla98]....

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  • ...Overlap-save or overlap-add signal processing techniques could also be used to avoid the extra overhead of the cyclic prefix [Fer85], [Hay96]....

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[...]

Jr. L.J. Cimini1•
Bell Labs1
01 Jul 1985-IEEE Transactions on Communications
TL;DR: The analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel using the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel is discussed.
Abstract: This paper discusses the analysis and simulation of a technique for combating the effects of multipath propagation and cochannel interference on a narrow-band digital mobile channel. This system uses the discrete Fourier transform to orthogonally frequency multiplex many narrow subchannels, each signaling at a very low rate, into one high-rate channel. When this technique is used with pilot-based correction, the effects of flat Rayleigh fading can be reduced significantly. An improvement in signal-to-interference ratio of 6 dB can be obtained over the bursty Rayleigh channel. In addition, with each subchannel signaling at a low rate, this technique can provide added protection against delay spread. To enhance the behavior of the technique in a heavily frequency-selective environment, interpolated pilots are used. A frequency offset reference scheme is employed for the pilots to improve protection against cochannel interference.

2,627 citations

"Frequency domain equalization for s..." refers background in this paper

  • ...OFDM transmits multiple modulated subcarriers in parallel [ 1 ]....

    [...]

  • ...Several variations of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) have been proposed as effective anti-multipath techniques, primarily because of the favorable trade-off they offer between performance in severe multipath and signal processing complexity [ 1 ]....

    [...]

Book•
Adaptive filter theory (2nd ed.)

[...]

Simon Haykin1•
McMaster University1
01 Mar 1991

2,447 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
BER sensitivity of OFDM systems to carrier frequency offset and Wiener phase noise

[...]

Thierry Pollet1, M. Van Bladel1, Marc Moeneclaey1•
Ghent University1
01 Feb 1995-IEEE Transactions on Communications
TL;DR: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered and the degradation of the bit error rate is evaluated.
Abstract: In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered. The degradation of the bit error rate (BER), caused by the presence of carrier frequency offset and carrier phase noise is analytically evaluated. It is shown that for a given BER degradation, the values of the frequency offset and the linewidth of the carrier generator that are allowed for OFDM are orders of magnitude smaller than for single carrier systems carrying the same bit rate. >

1,816 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Polyphase codes with good periodic correlation properties (Corresp.)

[...]

D. Chu1•
Hewlett-Packard1
01 Jul 1972-IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
TL;DR: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags.
Abstract: This correspondence describes the construction of complex codes of the form exp i \alpha_k whose discrete circular autocorrelations are zero for all nonzero lags. There is no restriction on code lengths.

1,624 citations

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