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Journal Article

Frequency of acute hepatitis C after needle stick injury and its treatment outcome.

01 Jan 2009-Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences (Professional Medical Publications)-Vol. 25, Iss: 5, pp 766-769
TL;DR: Acute HCV is an uncommon disease to diagnose; it has favorable response to therapy if initiated early after a strict surveillance of patients for 8-16 weeks.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the frequency of acute HCV infection after needle stick injury and its treatment outcome. Methodology: Patients with HCV positive needle stick injury and reporting within 72 hours of incident were selected. Co-infections with HBV, HDV, HIV, hematological disorders and depression were excluded. Anti-HCV was done at presentation and those testing positive were excluded. HCV RNA was done after two weeks or anti-HCV after six weeks of incident. Those testing positive were kept under observation for 16 weeks for spontaneous resolution. After this period HCV RNA and Genotype were done and therapy with Peg-interferon was started. Rapid, early and sustained virological responses were checked. Results: Two hundred eight patients with HCV positive needle stick injury were selected, 10 (4.8%) developed acute HCV infection out of them one (10%) had spontaneous recovery during the observation period of 16 weeks. seven (77.8%) achieved rapid virological response and eight (88.9%) achieved sustained virological response. Conclusions: Acute HCV is an uncommon disease to diagnose; it has favorable response to therapy if initiated early after a strict surveillance of patients for 8-16 weeks.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded from this study that hepatitis B vaccination is necessary to prevent needle Stick injury and proper instruments/guidelines should be given to all health related professionals in order to minimize the risk of bloodborne infections through needle stick injury.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the frequency of needle stick injury in dental practice and to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of the dental students and dentists regarding needle stick injuries prevention. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken at eight different institutes of Karachi from July 2014 to March 2015. Data were collected in 800-sample questionnaire forms that comprised of ten questions in English language. Questionnaire was designed to obtain information regarding frequency, awareness and prevention of needle stick injury. Data were entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20. Result: A total of 800 samples were returned with a 100% response rate. About 73% participants gave a history of needle stick injury during practice. Of these 42% were the house officers. It was reported that knowledge regarding vaccination against hepatitis B was prevalent among participants. Most of the participants agreed that they have received guidelines regarding prevention and protection from needle stick injury. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that hepatitis B vaccination is necessary to prevent needle stick injury and proper instruments/guidelines should be given to all health related professionals in order to minimize the risk of bloodborne infections through needle stick injury.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was a lack of hospital policy to cater to the reporting of injuries sustained during surgical practice, and a dire need for a system was observed to educate the healthcare workers and provide a medium to assist the process of reporting.
Abstract: Background: Needle stick injuries have a fairly common incidence in surgical practice exposing surgeons to an array of transmissible diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of needle stick injury, and their reporting among surgeons in tertiary hospital setting. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Various tertiary care hospital of Lahore. Period: January 2016 through April, 2016. Methods: Our sample size was 935 Surgeons. We determined the prevalence of needle stick injuries, reporting of NSI, the reasons for not reporting and the reasons for acquired injuries. Results: Needle stick injury was reported by only 85 (9.1%) participants. The reasons for not reporting varied; 363 (38.8%) did not report due to unawareness of the existence of a relevant system, 250 (26.7%) did not know whom to report, 86 (9.2%) were not able to spare time to report, 81 (8.7%) were afraid of results, 48 (5.1%) thought that patient was low risk and 107 (11.4%) did not bother. Conclusion: There was a lack of hospital policy to cater to the reporting of injuries sustained during surgical practice. A dire need for a system was observed to educate the healthcare workers and provide a medium to assist the process of reporting.

2 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Needle-stick injuries are highly prevalent among nurses, and prevention is the most effective way to protect nurses from infectious diseases which these injuries can transmit.
Abstract: Objective: This study was aimed to assess the frequency and factors associated with Needle Stick Injuries(NSI) in nurses of a tertiary health care facility Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Combined Military Hospital Lahorein June-July 2012 Responses were obtained via a self-administered questionnaire with close-ended questionsabout the knowledge of the nurses regarding hazards of NSI, their frequency, and methods theypractice to prevent them The data was analyzed using SPSS-16 Chi-square test was applied and p-valuewas fixed at 005 to be statistically significant Results: Out of 118 nurses who participated, all were aware of the occupational hazards of their professionwhen they joined nursing Sixty Five (55%) got NSI and 38(58%) of those were injured at the timeof recapping the syringe Sixty Nine (585%) did not use gloves while administering injections After gettingstuck by a contaminated needle, 100% squeezed out the blood from the area and 45(69%) out of 65 nursescleaned the wound with a spirit swab Only 13(20%) out of 65 consulted a physician regarding safetymeasures after NSI and 35(53%) had screening for Hepatitis-B Virus (HBV) Seventy Eight (66%) of thetotal 118 nurses were immunized against HBV Conclusion: Needle-stick injuries are highly prevalent among nurses, and prevention is the most effectiveway to protect nurses from infectious diseases which these injuries can transmit Mandatory reporting tothe concerned authorities, proper follow up, screening of nurses after NSI and promotion of safety measuresagainst it should be greatly encouraged

1 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided varying estimates of the risk of progression in chronic hepatitis C. The combined population data indicated that the disease progresses slowly over approximately 30 years, on average.

1,313 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Treatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alfa-2b with treatment during the acute phase could prevent the development of chronic infection.
Abstract: Background In people who are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), chronic infection often develops and is difficult to eradicate. We sought to determine whether treatment during the acute phase could prevent the development of chronic infection. Methods Between 1998 and 2001, we identified 44 patients throughout Germany who had acute hepatitis C. Patients received 5 million U of interferon alfa-2b subcutaneously daily for 4 weeks and then three times per week for another 20 weeks. Serum HCV RNA levels were measured before and during therapy and 24 weeks after the end of therapy. Results The mean age of the 44 patients was 36 years; 25 were women. Nine became infected with HCV through intravenous drug use, 14 through a needle-stick injury, 7 through medical procedures, and 10 through sexual contact; the mode of infection could not be determined in 4. The average time from infection to the first signs or symptoms of hepatitis was 54 days, and the average time from infection until the start of therapy ...

782 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs).
Abstract: Background The global burden of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to percutaneous injuries among health care workers (HCWs) is estimated. Methods The incidence of infections attributable to percutaneous injuries in 14 geographical regions on the basis of the probability of injury, the prevalence of infection, the susceptibility of the worker, and the percutaneous transmission potential are modeled. The model also provides the attributable fractions of infection in HCWs. Results Overall, 16,000 HCV, 66,000 HBV, and 1,000 HIVinfections may have occurred in the year 2000 worldwide among HCWs due to their occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries. The fraction of infections with HCV, HBV, and HIV in HCWs attributabletooccupationalexposuretopercutaneousinjuriesfractionreaches39%,37%, and 4.4% respectively. Conclusions Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs). These infections are highly preventable and should be eliminated. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:482–490, 2005. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

724 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors in this paper found that approximately 85% of persons with acute hepatitis C develop chronic hepatitis as determined by persistently abnormal serum enzymes and/or viremia (hepatitis C virus [HCV] RNA).

506 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results of ongoing nonconcurrent studies are needed to determine disease progression in the third, fourth, and fifth decades of infection and to better define the factors that affect progression.

342 citations

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