From Morality to Virtue

doi:10.5840/SOCTHEORPRACT199420220

Home
/
Papers
/
From Morality to Virtue

Journal Article•DOI•

From Morality to Virtue

01 Jul 1994-Social Theory and Practice-Vol. 20, Iss: 2, pp 221-244

About: This article is published in Social Theory and Practice.The article was published on 1994-07-01. It has received 74 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Virtue & Morality.

...read moreread less

Citations

PDF

Open Access

More filters

Reference Book•DOI•

A Companion to Bioethics

[...]

Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer

01 Jan 2001

TL;DR: A companion to bioethics, A companion to Bioethics as mentioned in this paper, a companion to the bioethic, and a companion of the humanist movement in the 21st century.

...read moreread less

Abstract: A companion to bioethics , A companion to bioethics , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

...read moreread less

271 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Michael Tooley...
[...]
...Michael Slote describes his view as “moral sentimentalism,” and it is an agent-based view: morality is understood entirely in terms of the motives of ideally benevolent agents....
[...]
...Michael J. Selgelid...
[...]
...As Michael Selgelid points out in his contribution to this volume (chapter 36), 90 percent of medical research resources are spent on diseases that account for only 10 percent of the global burden of disease – the diseases that people in rich countries are likely to suffer from....
[...]
...John D. Arras, University of Virginia Margaret Pabst Battin, University of Utah Joseph Boyle, University of Toronto Peter Braude, King’s College London Dan W. Brock, Harvard Medical School, Boston Alexander Morgan Capron, University of Southern California, Los Angeles Ruth Chadwick, Cardiff University, Wales James F. Childress, University of Virginia Angus Clarke, Cardiff University, Wales Jan Crosthwaite, University of Auckland, New Zealand Norman Daniels, Harvard University, Boston Govert den Hartogh, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Carl Elliott, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Segun Gbadegesin, Howard University, Washington, DC Lynn Gillam, University of Melbourne Raanan Gillon, Imperial College London Eric Gregory, Princeton University R. M. Hare, Deceased John Harris, University of Manchester Roger Higgs, King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London Nils Holtug, University of Copenhagen Eike-Henner W. Kluge, University of Victoria, Canada xi contributors Michael Kottow, University of Chile, Santiago Donald W. Light, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Christopher Lowry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Florencia Luna, University of Buenos Aires Ruth Macklin, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York Jeff McMahan, Rutgers University, New Brunswick Paul Ulhas Macneill, University of Sydney Rita C. Manning, San José State University, California Sarah Marchand, St Paul, Minnesota Jonathan D. Moreno, University of Pennsylvania Justin Oakley, Monash University, Australia Kevin Outterson, Boston University, Boston Gregory Pence, University of Alabama at Birmingham Laura M. Purdy, Wells College, Aurora, New York James Rachels, Deceased Janet Radcliffe Richards, University of Oxford Bernard E. Rollin, Colorado State University Julian Savulescu, University of Oxford Udo Schüklenk, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Michael J. Selgelid, The Australian National University, Canberra Daniel K. Sokol, Imperial College London Bonnie Steinbock, State University of New York Brian Stoffell, Flinders University, South Australia Janet L. Storch, University of Victoria, Canada Peter A. Sy, University of the Philippines, Quezon City Michael Tooley, University of Colorado at Boulder Verena Tschudin, University of Surrey, UK Wibren van der Burg, Erasmus University, Rotterdam Mary Warnock, Axford, Wiltshire, UK Mary Anne Warren, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California Daniel Wikler, Harvard University, Boston Dr Robert Young, La Trobe University, Melbourne xii xiii...
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Caring as a ‘threshold concept’: transforming students in higher education into health(care) professionals

[...]

Lynn Clouder¹•Institutions (1)

Coventry University¹

01 Oct 2005-Teaching in Higher Education

TL;DR: The authors argue that caring is a "threshold concept" by virtue of the "troublesome knowledge" with which students are confronted on meeting patients in practice, and suggest a number of ways in which students can be helped to move forward towards or through the threshold to a more cogent understanding of caring.

...read moreread less

Abstract: This paper explores the ways in which student health professionals undergo a transformation in their sense of identity as they engage with caring discourses that underpin healthcare. I argue that caring is a ‘threshold concept’ by virtue of the ‘troublesome knowledge’ with which students are confronted on meeting patients in practice. When superimposed on commonsense understandings of caring, medical connotations of care and moral and ethical dilemmas challenge students to develop their own personal framework within which to operate. I suggest a number of ways in which students can be helped to move forward towards or through the threshold to a more cogent understanding of caring. Subsequent positioning in terms of caring discourses forms a facet of the students’ developing identities as healthcare professionals and therefore is a fundamental aspect of professional socialization.

...read moreread less

169 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...To be described as ‘caring’ is praise in that it attributes admirable traits, definitive of the discourse of virtue (Slote, 1992)....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Virtue Ethics and Social Work: Being Lucky, Realistic, and not Doing ones Duty

[...]

Graham B. Mcbeath, Stephen Webb

01 Dec 2002-British Journal of Social Work

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that in a complex socio-political world, social work ethics needs to re-cast the moral identity of the social worker in terms of virtue ethics, the acquired inner qualities of humans, the possession of which, if applied in due measure, will typically contribute to the realization of the good life or "eudaimonia".

...read moreread less

Abstract: Summary This article argues that in a complex socio-political world, social work ethics needs to re-cast the moral identity of the social worker in terms of virtue ethics. We review virtue theory’s Aristotelian foundations and criticisms of Kantian and utilitarian theory and show how they apply to social work. Subsequently we offer an account of a virtuebased social work that questions the validity of several models of practice currently fashionable. Virtue theory emphasizes the priority of the individual moral agent who has acquired virtues commensurate with the pursuit of a revisable conception of the good life—the well-being of all in a defined community. The virtues are the acquired inner qualities of humans—character—the possession of which, if applied in due measure, will typically contribute to the realization of the good life or ‘eudaimonia’. The role of the virtuous social worker is shown to be one that necessitates appropriate application of intellectual and practical virtues such as justice, reflection, perception, judgement, bravery, prudence, liberality and temperance. This ‘self-flourishing’ worker,

...read moreread less

159 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...With similar implications, Slote runs the argument that if duties have a reference point, it is that of the person for whom a duty is performed and not the performer (Slote, 1997)....
[...]
...However, in the last few years a virtue literature has been circulating (Crisp and Slote, 1997; Statman, 1997a) as has a post-Thatcherite political lan- guage of citizenship, individual responsibility and the idea of a public ethics....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

A quantitative analysis of authors, schools and themes in virtue ethics articles in business ethics and management journals (1980–2011)

[...]

Ignacio Ferrero¹, Alejo José G. Sison¹•Institutions (1)

University of Navarra¹

01 Oct 2014-Business Ethics: A European Review

TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative analysis of authors, schools, themes, and publications of virtue ethics in business and management literature is presented, with a focus on the most prolific authors, most cited authors, the most cited articles, and journals with the most virtue ethics publications.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Virtue ethics is generally recognized as one of the three major schools of ethics, but is often waylaid by utilitarianism and deontology in business and management literature. EBSCO and ABI databases were used to look for articles in the Journal of Citation Reports publications between 1980 and 2011 containing the keywords ‘virtue ethics’, ‘virtue theory’, or ‘virtuousness’ in the abstract and ‘business’ or ‘management’ in the text. The search was refined to draw lists of the most prolific authors, the most cited authors, the most cited articles, and the journals with the most virtue ethics publications. This information allows one to chart how virtue ethics articles have evolved through the decades and to establish ‘schools’ or clusters of authors as well as clusters of themes. The results of this quantitative analysis of authors, ‘schools’, themes, and publications provide a foundation for the future study of virtue ethics in business and management, identifying its achievements and potentials.

...read moreread less

135 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Only passing references to Von Wright (1993), Slote (1992), Hursthouse (1999), and Swanton (2003) were found....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Emulation and the use of role models in moral education

[...]

Kristján Kristjánsson¹•Institutions (1)

University of Akureyri¹

01 Mar 2006-Journal of Moral Education

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the strategy of role-modeling, as explicated by the character education movement, is beset with three unsolved problems: an empirical problem of why this method is needed, a methodological problem of how students are to be inspired to emulate, and a substantive moral problem of what precisely should be taught.

...read moreread less

Abstract: This article is about (1) the ancient (Aristotelian) emotional virtue of emulation, (2) some current character‐education inspired accounts of the use of role models in moral education and, most importantly, (3) the potential relevance of (1) for (2). The author argues that the strategy of role‐modelling, as explicated by the character‐education movement, is beset with three unsolved problems: an empirical problem of why this method is needed; a methodological problem of how students are to be inspired to emulation; and a substantive moral problem of what precisely should be taught. While the first of these three problems may perhaps be overlooked with impunity, the second and third problems stand in urgent need of rectification if role‐modelling is to retain its moral and educational import. After exploring Aristotle's notion of emulation, the author suggests that this rich and nuanced notion may hold the key to the solution of both problems. Such Aristotelian solutions are then spelled out and defended.

...read moreread less

114 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Both these types of neo-Aristotelianism quietly ignore the fact that for Aristotle standards for proper action and emotion are followed by the phronimos because they are morally appropriate, and not the other way round (Slote, 1992, p. 89)....
[...]

1
2
3
4
…
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Collapse

References

PDF

Open Access

More filters

Towards a strong virtue ethics for nursing practice

[...]

Alan E. Armstrong¹•Institutions (1)

University of Central Lancashire¹

07 Sep 2004

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the moral virtues and a strong (action-guiding) version of virtue ethics provide a plausible and viable alternative for nursing practice and develop an account of a virtue-based helping relationship and a virtuebased approach to nursing.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Illness creates a range of negative emotions in patients including anxiety, fear, powerlessness, and vulnerability. There is much debate on the 'therapeutic' or 'helping' nurse-patient relationship. However, despite the current agenda regarding patient-centred care, the literature concerning the development of good interpersonal responses and the view that a satisfactory nursing ethics should focus on persons and character traits rather than actions, nursing ethics is dominated by the traditional obligation, act-centred theories such as consequentialism and deontology. I critically examine these theories and the role of duty-based notions in both general ethics and nursing practice. Because of well-established flaws, I conclude that obligation-based moral theories are incomplete and inadequate for nursing practice. I examine the work of Hursthouse on virtue ethics' action guidance and the v-rules. I argue that the moral virtues and a strong (action-guiding) version of virtue ethics provide a plausible and viable alternative for nursing practice. I develop an account of a virtue-based helping relationship and a virtue-based approach to nursing. The latter is characterized by three features: (1) exercising the moral virtues such as compassion; (2) using judgement; and (3) using moral wisdom, understood to include at least moral perception, moral sensitivity, and moral imagination. Merits and problems of the virtue-based approach are examined. I relate the work of MacIntyre to nursing and I conceive nursing as a practice: nurses who exercise the virtues and seek the internal goods help to sustain the practice of nursing and thus prevent the marginalization of the virtues. The strong practice-based version of virtue ethics proposed is context-dependent, particularist, and relational. Several areas for future philosophical inquiry and empirical nursing research are suggested to develop this account yet further.

...read moreread less

114 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Virtue Ethics as a Resource in Business

[...]

Robert Audi¹•Institutions (1)

University of Notre Dame¹

09 Mar 2012-Business Ethics Quarterly

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an account of virtues as praiseworthy traits of character with a far-reaching capacity to influence conduct, and show how a virtue orientation affects attitudes in management practices and how an understanding of certain virtues can help in making better decisions, both ethically and in relation to success in business.

...read moreread less

Abstract: This article provides an account of virtues as praiseworthy traits of character with a far-reaching capacity to influence conduct. Virtues supply their possessors both with good reasons that indicate, for diverse contexts, what sort of thing should be done and with motivation to do them. This motivational power of virtue is crucial for the question of what kind of person, or businessperson, one wants to be. The article shows how the contrast between virtue ethics and rule ethics is often drawn too sharply and indicates how virtue theories can incorporate both theoretical and practical uses of rules. More generally, it shows how a virtue orientation affects attitudes in management practices and how an understanding of certain virtues can help in making better decisions, both ethically and in relation to success in business.

...read moreread less

111 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Anthropocentrism vs. Nonanthropocentrism: Why Should We Care?

[...]

Katie McShane¹•Institutions (1)

North Carolina State University¹

01 May 2007-Environmental Values

TL;DR: The authors argue that even if we grant the truth of the convergence hypothesis, there are still good reasons to worry about anthropocentric ethics and that anthropocentrism has very different practical implications from non-anthropocentricism; it undermines some of the common attitudes people think it appropriate to take toward the natural world.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Many recent critical discussions of anthropocentrism have focused on Bryan Nortonʼs ʻconvergence hypothesisʼ: the claim that both anthropocentric and nonanthropocentric ethics will recommend the same environmentally responsible behaviours and policies. I argue that even if we grant the truth of Nortonʼs convergence hypothesis, there are still good reasons to worry about anthropocentric ethics. Ethics legitimately raises questions about how to feel, not just about which actions to take or which policies to adopt. From the point of view of norms for feeling, anthropocentrism has very different practical implications from nonanthropocentrism; it undermines some of the common attitudes – love, respect, awe – that people think it appropriate to take toward the natural world.

...read moreread less

99 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

How different is neo‐Aristotelian virtue from positive organizational virtuousness?

[...]

Alejo José G. Sison¹, Ignacio Ferrero¹•Institutions (1)

University of Navarra¹

25 Aug 2015-Business Ethics: A European Review

TL;DR: The authors explain the differences between neo-Aristotelian virtue and positive organizational virtuousness from the virtue ethics perspective. But they do not differentiate between the two notions. And they do emphasize the gains and losses realized in the migration from neo-Arbitronian virtue to positive organizational virtue.

...read moreread less

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to explain the differences between neo-Aristotelian virtue and positive organizational virtuousness from the virtue ethics perspective. Most studies use virtues and virtuousness interchangeably. A few others try to explain their differences from the positive organizational science perspective. Although closely related, we believe that these two notions are not identical. If we understand neo-Aristotelian virtue correctly, then it cannot be judged exclusively on what is externally verifiable, as is the case with virtuousness. For these reasons, we attempt our own differentiation, highlighting the gains and losses realized in the migration from neo-Aristotelian virtue to positive organizational virtuousness, and establishing guideposts to meaningfully combine the strengths of both concepts.

...read moreread less

81 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The Possibility of Virtue

[...]

Miguel Alzola¹•Institutions (1)

Fordham University¹

09 Mar 2012-Business Ethics Quarterly

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defend the existence and explanatory power of character as a way to assess the possibility of achieving moral virtue, with particular attention paid to business context, and unsettle the so-called situationist challenge to virtue ethics.

...read moreread less

Abstract: To have a virtue is to possess a certain kind of trait of character that is appropriate in pursuing the moral good at which the virtue aims. Human beings are assumed to be capable of attaining those traits. Yet, a number of scholars are skeptical about the very existence of such character traits. They claim a sizable amount of empirical evidence in their support. This article is concerned with the existence and explanatory power of character as a way to assess the possibility of achieving moral virtue, with particular attention paid to business context. I aim to unsettle the so-called situationist challenge to virtue ethics. In the course of this article, I shall defend four claims, namely, that virtues are more than just behavioral dispositions, that at least some virtues may not be unitary traits, that psychologists cannot infer virtues from overt behavior, and that the situationist data do not account for the observational equivalence of traits. Since it rests on a misconception of what virtue is, the situationist objection remains unconvincing.

...read moreread less

66 citations