From Morality to Virtue

doi:10.5840/SOCTHEORPRACT199420220

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From Morality to Virtue

Journal Article•DOI•

From Morality to Virtue

01 Jul 1994-Social Theory and Practice-Vol. 20, Iss: 2, pp 221-244

About: This article is published in Social Theory and Practice.The article was published on 1994-07-01. It has received 74 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Virtue & Morality.

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Reference Book•DOI•

A Companion to Bioethics

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Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer

01 Jan 2001

TL;DR: A companion to bioethics, A companion to Bioethics as mentioned in this paper, a companion to the bioethic, and a companion of the humanist movement in the 21st century.

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Abstract: A companion to bioethics , A companion to bioethics , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

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271 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Michael Tooley...
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...Michael Slote describes his view as “moral sentimentalism,” and it is an agent-based view: morality is understood entirely in terms of the motives of ideally benevolent agents....
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...Michael J. Selgelid...
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...As Michael Selgelid points out in his contribution to this volume (chapter 36), 90 percent of medical research resources are spent on diseases that account for only 10 percent of the global burden of disease – the diseases that people in rich countries are likely to suffer from....
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...John D. Arras, University of Virginia Margaret Pabst Battin, University of Utah Joseph Boyle, University of Toronto Peter Braude, King’s College London Dan W. Brock, Harvard Medical School, Boston Alexander Morgan Capron, University of Southern California, Los Angeles Ruth Chadwick, Cardiff University, Wales James F. Childress, University of Virginia Angus Clarke, Cardiff University, Wales Jan Crosthwaite, University of Auckland, New Zealand Norman Daniels, Harvard University, Boston Govert den Hartogh, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Carl Elliott, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Segun Gbadegesin, Howard University, Washington, DC Lynn Gillam, University of Melbourne Raanan Gillon, Imperial College London Eric Gregory, Princeton University R. M. Hare, Deceased John Harris, University of Manchester Roger Higgs, King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London Nils Holtug, University of Copenhagen Eike-Henner W. Kluge, University of Victoria, Canada xi contributors Michael Kottow, University of Chile, Santiago Donald W. Light, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Christopher Lowry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Florencia Luna, University of Buenos Aires Ruth Macklin, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York Jeff McMahan, Rutgers University, New Brunswick Paul Ulhas Macneill, University of Sydney Rita C. Manning, San José State University, California Sarah Marchand, St Paul, Minnesota Jonathan D. Moreno, University of Pennsylvania Justin Oakley, Monash University, Australia Kevin Outterson, Boston University, Boston Gregory Pence, University of Alabama at Birmingham Laura M. Purdy, Wells College, Aurora, New York James Rachels, Deceased Janet Radcliffe Richards, University of Oxford Bernard E. Rollin, Colorado State University Julian Savulescu, University of Oxford Udo Schüklenk, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Michael J. Selgelid, The Australian National University, Canberra Daniel K. Sokol, Imperial College London Bonnie Steinbock, State University of New York Brian Stoffell, Flinders University, South Australia Janet L. Storch, University of Victoria, Canada Peter A. Sy, University of the Philippines, Quezon City Michael Tooley, University of Colorado at Boulder Verena Tschudin, University of Surrey, UK Wibren van der Burg, Erasmus University, Rotterdam Mary Warnock, Axford, Wiltshire, UK Mary Anne Warren, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California Daniel Wikler, Harvard University, Boston Dr Robert Young, La Trobe University, Melbourne xii xiii...
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Journal Article•DOI•

Caring as a ‘threshold concept’: transforming students in higher education into health(care) professionals

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Lynn Clouder¹•Institutions (1)

Coventry University¹

01 Oct 2005-Teaching in Higher Education

TL;DR: The authors argue that caring is a "threshold concept" by virtue of the "troublesome knowledge" with which students are confronted on meeting patients in practice, and suggest a number of ways in which students can be helped to move forward towards or through the threshold to a more cogent understanding of caring.

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Abstract: This paper explores the ways in which student health professionals undergo a transformation in their sense of identity as they engage with caring discourses that underpin healthcare. I argue that caring is a ‘threshold concept’ by virtue of the ‘troublesome knowledge’ with which students are confronted on meeting patients in practice. When superimposed on commonsense understandings of caring, medical connotations of care and moral and ethical dilemmas challenge students to develop their own personal framework within which to operate. I suggest a number of ways in which students can be helped to move forward towards or through the threshold to a more cogent understanding of caring. Subsequent positioning in terms of caring discourses forms a facet of the students’ developing identities as healthcare professionals and therefore is a fundamental aspect of professional socialization.

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169 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...To be described as ‘caring’ is praise in that it attributes admirable traits, definitive of the discourse of virtue (Slote, 1992)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Virtue Ethics and Social Work: Being Lucky, Realistic, and not Doing ones Duty

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Graham B. Mcbeath, Stephen Webb

01 Dec 2002-British Journal of Social Work

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that in a complex socio-political world, social work ethics needs to re-cast the moral identity of the social worker in terms of virtue ethics, the acquired inner qualities of humans, the possession of which, if applied in due measure, will typically contribute to the realization of the good life or "eudaimonia".

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Abstract: Summary This article argues that in a complex socio-political world, social work ethics needs to re-cast the moral identity of the social worker in terms of virtue ethics. We review virtue theory’s Aristotelian foundations and criticisms of Kantian and utilitarian theory and show how they apply to social work. Subsequently we offer an account of a virtuebased social work that questions the validity of several models of practice currently fashionable. Virtue theory emphasizes the priority of the individual moral agent who has acquired virtues commensurate with the pursuit of a revisable conception of the good life—the well-being of all in a defined community. The virtues are the acquired inner qualities of humans—character—the possession of which, if applied in due measure, will typically contribute to the realization of the good life or ‘eudaimonia’. The role of the virtuous social worker is shown to be one that necessitates appropriate application of intellectual and practical virtues such as justice, reflection, perception, judgement, bravery, prudence, liberality and temperance. This ‘self-flourishing’ worker,

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159 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...With similar implications, Slote runs the argument that if duties have a reference point, it is that of the person for whom a duty is performed and not the performer (Slote, 1997)....
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...However, in the last few years a virtue literature has been circulating (Crisp and Slote, 1997; Statman, 1997a) as has a post-Thatcherite political lan- guage of citizenship, individual responsibility and the idea of a public ethics....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A quantitative analysis of authors, schools and themes in virtue ethics articles in business ethics and management journals (1980–2011)

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Ignacio Ferrero¹, Alejo José G. Sison¹•Institutions (1)

University of Navarra¹

01 Oct 2014-Business Ethics: A European Review

TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative analysis of authors, schools, themes, and publications of virtue ethics in business and management literature is presented, with a focus on the most prolific authors, most cited authors, the most cited articles, and journals with the most virtue ethics publications.

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Abstract: Virtue ethics is generally recognized as one of the three major schools of ethics, but is often waylaid by utilitarianism and deontology in business and management literature. EBSCO and ABI databases were used to look for articles in the Journal of Citation Reports publications between 1980 and 2011 containing the keywords ‘virtue ethics’, ‘virtue theory’, or ‘virtuousness’ in the abstract and ‘business’ or ‘management’ in the text. The search was refined to draw lists of the most prolific authors, the most cited authors, the most cited articles, and the journals with the most virtue ethics publications. This information allows one to chart how virtue ethics articles have evolved through the decades and to establish ‘schools’ or clusters of authors as well as clusters of themes. The results of this quantitative analysis of authors, ‘schools’, themes, and publications provide a foundation for the future study of virtue ethics in business and management, identifying its achievements and potentials.

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135 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Only passing references to Von Wright (1993), Slote (1992), Hursthouse (1999), and Swanton (2003) were found....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Emulation and the use of role models in moral education

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Kristján Kristjánsson¹•Institutions (1)

University of Akureyri¹

01 Mar 2006-Journal of Moral Education

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the strategy of role-modeling, as explicated by the character education movement, is beset with three unsolved problems: an empirical problem of why this method is needed, a methodological problem of how students are to be inspired to emulate, and a substantive moral problem of what precisely should be taught.

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Abstract: This article is about (1) the ancient (Aristotelian) emotional virtue of emulation, (2) some current character‐education inspired accounts of the use of role models in moral education and, most importantly, (3) the potential relevance of (1) for (2). The author argues that the strategy of role‐modelling, as explicated by the character‐education movement, is beset with three unsolved problems: an empirical problem of why this method is needed; a methodological problem of how students are to be inspired to emulation; and a substantive moral problem of what precisely should be taught. While the first of these three problems may perhaps be overlooked with impunity, the second and third problems stand in urgent need of rectification if role‐modelling is to retain its moral and educational import. After exploring Aristotle's notion of emulation, the author suggests that this rich and nuanced notion may hold the key to the solution of both problems. Such Aristotelian solutions are then spelled out and defended.

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114 citations

Cites background from "From Morality to Virtue"

...Both these types of neo-Aristotelianism quietly ignore the fact that for Aristotle standards for proper action and emotion are followed by the phronimos because they are morally appropriate, and not the other way round (Slote, 1992, p. 89)....
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Journal Article•

Applying Virtue Ethics to Business: The Agent-Based Approach

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John Dobson

01 Jan 2004-EJBO : Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies

TL;DR: In this article, an agent-based approach is proposed, where moral behavior is not limited to adherence to a rule or guideline, but rather involves the individual rationally pursuing moral excellence as a goal in and of itself.

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Abstract: Contrarily, rather than the action-based focus on rules governing action, the agent-based approach concerns the fundamental character and motivations of the individual agent. Under the agent-based approach, moral behavior is not limited to adherence to a rule or guideline but rather involves the individual rationally pursuing moral excellence as a goal in and of itself. In essence, ethics becomes central to the rationality concept as an objective rather than a constraint: \"something positively good, ..something to be sought after\" (Ladd, 1991, p. 82).

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24 citations

Posted Content•

Working Capital Management and Firms’ Performance: An Analysis of Selected Indian Cement Companies

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Ashok Kumar Panigrahi, Anita Sharma¹•Institutions (1)

Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology¹

01 Sep 2013-Social Science Research Network

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between working capital management and the firm's performance i.e. impact on profitability by taking a sample of five selected Indian cement companies for the period 2001-2010.

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Abstract: Prior studies on this have already proved the existence of relationship between working capital and firm’s performance. In extension to the existing literature, this study is designed to investigate the relationship between working capital management and the firm’s performance i.e. impact on profitability by taking a sample of five selected Indian cement companies for the period 2001-2010. An attempt has been made to investigate the existence of relationship between the working capital management and the profitability, average receivable period, inventory conversion period, average payment period and the cash conversion cycle which expresses the efficiency of working capital. Hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation. It was found that there is a negative significant relationship between accounts receivable period and firm’s profitability, a negative relationship between Inventory conversion period and profitability, negative significant relationship between accounts payable period and profitability but a positive relationship between firm’s cash conversion cycle and its profitability. This shows that firms are selling their inventory and collecting the receivables before they have to pay for the payables.

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23 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Two Forms of Virtue Ethics: Two Sets of Virtuous Action in the Fire Service Dispute?

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David Dawson¹•Institutions (1)

University of Gloucestershire¹

31 May 2015-Journal of Business Ethics

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare what two virtue frameworks (one focused on virtue in the context of community and the other on individuals as virtuous agents) lead to when evaluating the actions of parties to the 2002-2004 UK Fire Service dispute.

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Abstract: There has been increasing interest in the relevance of virtue approaches to ethics over the past 15 years. However, debate surrounding the virtue approach in the business, management and organisational studies literature has lacked progress. First, this literature focuses on a narrow range of philosophers, and, second, it has failed to analyse properly the consequences of virtue theory for action in practical settings other than in abstract terms. In order to begin addressing these issues, this paper compares what two virtue frameworks—one focused on virtue in the context of community and the other on individuals as virtuous agents—lead to when evaluating the actions of parties to the 2002–2004 UK Fire Service dispute. The analysis argues that the virtue frameworks proposed by MacIntyre and Slote offer different but complimentary evaluations. Both not only point to potential problems with industrial disputes, but also recognise the legitimacy of action that is based in good motivations and carried out with regard for the virtues. It seems that fire fighters and their immediate supervisors, on the whole, met the conditions of virtue, but that it is open to question if the leaders of the Fire Brigades Union and the Government did the same. The analysis goes on to suggest which modes of negotiation would be acceptable under the virtue frameworks, and the implications for those involved in industrial dispute.

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23 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Religious ideologemes in transition: A residue of theological virtues in the emotionalist ethics of Victorian novels

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Iryna Pinich

01 Jun 2018

TL;DR: This article investigated the transition mechanisms of religious ideologemes observed in their lexical representation in the Victorian novel corpus and claimed that the amalgamation of Anglo-Catholic and Evangelical ideologies made for the subsequent transformation of theological virtues resulting in their internalized translation to the rising ideology of emotionalist moral values.

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Abstract: Abstract The study investigates the transition mechanisms of religious ideologemes observed in their lexical representation in the Victorian novel corpus. The paper claims that the amalgamation of Anglo-Catholic and Evangelical ideologies made for the subsequent transformation of theological virtues resulting in their internalized translation to the rising ideology of emotionalist moral values.

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20 citations

Human nature, flourishing, and happiness: toward a synthesis of aristotelianism, austrian economics, positive psychology, and ayn rand's objectivism

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Edward W. Younkins

01 Nov 2010

TL;DR: In this paper, a tentative plan that conceptualizes a number of pertinent topics, links them together, and integrates them into a framework of human flourishing and happiness is presented, which represents an exploratory attempt to construct an understanding from various disciplines (most importantly philosophy) and to integrate them into the systematic whole.

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Abstract: THE QUESTION OF WHAT LEADS TO or makes up a flourishing and happy human life has been debated throughout the entire history of political and moral philosophy and, more recently, in the social sciences such as economics 1 and positive psychology. 2 There have been numerous attempts to define, analyze, and even measure human flourishing and happiness in a wide range of disciplines. This current article presents a tentative plan that conceptualizes a number of pertinent topics, links them together, and integrates them into a framework of human flourishing and happiness. This paper represents an exploratory attempt to construct an understanding from various disciplines (most importantly philosophy) and to integrate them into a systematic whole.

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19 citations