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From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development

Jack P. Shonkoff, +1 more
- Vol. 301, Iss: 2, pp 171-190
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TLDR
From Neurons to Neighborhoods as discussed by the authors presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how children learn to learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior, and examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Abstract
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

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Journal Article

A Treatise on the Family

TL;DR: A Treatise on the Family by G. S. Becker as discussed by the authors is one of the most famous and influential economists of the second half of the 20th century, a fervent contributor to and expounder of the University of Chicago free-market philosophy, and winner of the 1992 Nobel Prize in economics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Socioeconomic status and child development.

TL;DR: A variety of mechanisms linking SES to child well-being have been proposed, with most involving differences in access to material and social resources or reactions to stress-inducing conditions by both the children themselves and their parents.
Journal ArticleDOI

Childhood and Society.

TL;DR: The theme of the volume is that it is human to have a long childhood which will leave a lifelong residue of emotional immaturity in man.
Journal ArticleDOI

School Readiness and Later Achievement

TL;DR: A meta-analysis of the results shows that early math skills have the greatest predictive power, followed by reading and then attention skills, while measures of socioemotional behaviors were generally insignificant predictors of later academic performance.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress

Jack P. Shonkoff, +1 more
- 01 Jan 2012 - 
TL;DR: An ecobiodevelopmental framework is presented that suggests that many adult diseases should be viewed as developmental disorders that begin early in life and that persistent health disparities associated with poverty, discrimination, or maltreatment could be reduced by the alleviation of toxic stress in childhood.
References
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Book

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Book

Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of Causality Orientations Theory, a theory of personality Influences on Motivation, and its application in information-Processing Theories.
Journal ArticleDOI

Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.

TL;DR: Theories of the self from both psychology and anthropology are integrated to define in detail the difference between a construal of self as independent and a construpal of the Self as interdependent as discussed by the authors, and these divergent construals should have specific consequences for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis.

TL;DR: There is evidence consistent with both main effect and main effect models for social support, but each represents a different process through which social support may affect well-being.
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