From Stem Cells to Bone-Forming Cells.
Samantha Donsante,Biagio Palmisano,Marta Serafini,Pamela Gehron Robey,Alessandro Corsi,Mara Riminucci +5 more
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TLDR
Osteoblasts are generated by different cohorts of skeletal stem cells that arise from different embryonic specifications, which operate in the pre-natal and/or adult skeleton under the control of multiple regulators.Abstract:
Bone formation starts near the end of the embryonic stage of development and continues throughout life during bone modeling and growth, remodeling, and when needed, regeneration. Bone-forming cells, traditionally termed osteoblasts, produce, assemble, and control the mineralization of the type I collagen-enriched bone matrix while participating in the regulation of other cell processes, such as osteoclastogenesis, and metabolic activities, such as phosphate homeostasis. Osteoblasts are generated by different cohorts of skeletal stem cells that arise from different embryonic specifications, which operate in the pre-natal and/or adult skeleton under the control of multiple regulators. In this review, we briefly define the cellular identity and function of osteoblasts and discuss the main populations of osteoprogenitor cells identified to date. We also provide examples of long-known and recently recognized regulatory pathways and mechanisms involved in the specification of the osteogenic lineage, as assessed by studies on mice models and human genetic skeletal diseases.read more
Citations
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Neuronal Induction of Bone-Fat Imbalance through Osteocyte Neuropeptide Y.
Yan Zhang,Chun-Yuan Chen,Yi-Wei Liu,Shan-Shan Rao,Yi-Juan Tan,Yu-Xuan Qian,Kun Xia,Jie Huang,Xi-Xi Liu,Chun-Gu Hong,Hao Yin,Jia Cao,Shi-Kai Feng,Ze-Hui He,You-You Li,Zhong-Wei Luo,Ben Wu,Zi-Qi Yan,Tuan-Hui Chen,Meng-Lu Chen,Yi-Yi Wang,Zhen-Xing Wang,Zheng-Zhao Liu,Ming-Jie Luo,Xiong-Ke Hu,Ling Jin,Teng-Fei Wan,Tao Yue,Siyuan Tang,Hui Xie +29 more
TL;DR: In this article, osteocytes, the most abundant bone cells, promote adipogenesis and inhibit osteogenesis of BMSCs by secreting neuropeptide Y (NPY), whose expression increases with aging and osteoporosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone Cell Exosomes and Emerging Strategies in Bone Engineering
TL;DR: The role of exosomes secreted by cells within bone microenvironment such as osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cell cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, and even tumor cells during bone homeostasis and crosstalk is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stem cells and common biomaterials in dentistry: a review study
TL;DR: In this paper , a review study examines three essential elements of tissue engineering in dentistry and clinical practice, including stem cells derived from the intra-and extra-oral sources, growth factors, and scaffolds.
Journal ArticleDOI
GsαR201C and estrogen reveal different subsets of bone marrow adiponectin expressing osteogenic cells
Biagio Palmisano,Rossella Labella,Samantha Donsante,Cristina Remoli,Emanuela Spica,Ilenia Coletta,G. Farinacci,Michele Dello Spedale Venti,Isabella Saggio,Marta Serafini,Pamela Gehron Robey,Alessandro Corsi,Mara Riminucci +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a mouse model with expression of GsαR201C driven by the Adiponectin (Adq) promoter was generated, and the results showed that the Adq-cell network in the skeleton not only regulates bone resorption but also contributes to bone formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Proteasome Inhibitors in Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease and Bone Metastasis: Effects on Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
TL;DR: PIs have been recently proven to also be efficacious in blocking MM-induced osteocyte death providing new possible therapeutic use in the management of bone loss, and the conjugation of PIs with bisphosphonates showed good results in terms of bone anabolic activity.
References
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Targeted Disruption of Cbfa1 Results in a Complete Lack of Bone Formation owing to Maturational Arrest of Osteoblasts
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The Novel Zinc Finger-Containing Transcription Factor Osterix Is Required for Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Formation
Kazuhisa Nakashima,Xin Zhou,Gary R. Kunkel,Zhaoping Zhang,Jian Min Deng,Richard R. Behringer,Benoit de Crombrugghe +6 more
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Cbfa1, a Candidate Gene for Cleidocranial Dysplasia Syndrome, Is Essential for Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Development
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TL;DR: The Cbfa1 gene is essential for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and the C bfa1 heterozygous mouse is a paradigm for a human skeletal disorder.
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