Fuzzy logic-based direct torque control for induction machine drive
01 Jul 2017-pp 577-582
TL;DR: The effectiveness of the proposed FC-based DTC for induction machine (IM) drive is verified at several operating conditions and highlighted by comparing to the conventional DTC, illustrating low switching frequency, considerable ripples mitigation of torque, flux and the stator currents and improving the system performance.
Abstract: Direct torque control (DTC) of induction machines presents an acceptable tracking scheme for both electromagnetic torque and stator flux. However, conventional DTC scheme, based on hysteresis comparators and the switching table, suffers from large torque and flux ripples, requiring high switching frequency operation for the voltage source inverter. In this paper, a modified DTC scheme based on fuzzy logic rules is proposed. A fuzzy controller (FC) is designed in order to give the appropriate inverter voltage vector. The FC could judge the deviation degree of the torque and flux errors to select the optimum voltage vector according to the fuzzy logic inference. The effectiveness of the proposed FC-based DTC for induction machine (IM) drive is verified at several operating conditions and highlighted by comparing to the conventional DTC. The obtained results illustrate low switching frequency, considerable ripples mitigation of torque, flux and the stator currents and improving the system performance.
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TL;DR: In this article, a switching pattern generated in case of induction motor drive predictive torque control (PTC) compared to a switching patterns of direct torque control was compared. And the analysis performed by simulation in Matlab Simulink environment has proved that, while DTC might choose voltage vector that pushes system away from the reference values, the MPC always chooses the most proper vector.
Abstract: This paper describes a switching pattern generated in case of induction motor drive predictive torque control (PTC) compared to a switching pattern of direct torque control (DTC). PTC is a modern control method for electric drives based on model predictive control (MPC). DTC is a very powerful method and is today an industrial standard for controlling an induction motor drive. Its usage is wide-spread, mainly in high-power applications. However, the method suffers from a few disadvantages. One of the causes of the control method’s problematic behavior is choosing the switching combinations in the flux sector. Another inconvenience is the common selection table not including all voltage vectors in given sector. By these factors, the ripples of flux vector trajectory and torque waveforms are influenced. The longer the sample time is, the more significant the influence of factors becomes, because only a few steps occur within one turn of the magnetic flux vector. Based on the detailed analysis, the reasons of the different performance of both systems are explained. The analysis performed by simulation in Matlab Simulink environment has proved that, while DTC might choose voltage vector that pushes system away from the reference values, the MPC always chooses the most proper vector. The experimental results measured on the real drive confirm the appropriate vector selection, just in case of the predictive control method.
23 citations
Cites methods from "Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..."
...commands for the table [6,7], using voltage vector selection according to fuzzy logic [8], reducing the number of voltage vector changes [9], changing the torque and flux band online according to the actual state of the motor [10], overriding the voltage sag [11], and applying the sector shift or rotation by certain angle [12]....
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01 Oct 2017
TL;DR: The purpose of this work is to analyze the behavior of these two boards when they are used with an advanced control algorithm such as the Fuzzy Controller and determine if they can be used in didactic environments in order to learn.
Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of a controller that works with Fuzzy Logic, which allows to control the flow of a fluid in a training station of flow. The controller with Fuzzy Logic is implemented using two different low-cost boards: Arduino UNO and Raspberry Pi3. The purpose of this work is to analyze the behavior of these two boards when they are used with an advanced control algorithm such as the Fuzzy Controller and determine if they can be used in didactic environments in order to learn: concepts related to process control, behavior of a controller with Fuzzy Logic also the functionality and application of these two boards. Due the boards are low-cost, they can be used massively for teaching about controllers and their application in different processes, although by their characteristics these boards cannot be used in industrial environments.
4 citations
Cites background from "Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..."
...Con el paso del tiempo aparecieron los controladores avanzados como es el caso del controlador Borroso, este último es utilizado en procesos no lineales y se basa en tres etapas que son: emborronado, reglas de membresía y desemborronado, este controlador puede ser utilizado para diversas aplicaciones incluso en las de tipo industrial [10-14]....
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01 Sep 2019
TL;DR: A new electrical sensorless control of IM with the same performance as the FOC and lower cost and above all, its interest in the event of the technical defect of one or both stator current sensors is shown.
Abstract: The field oriented control (FOC) of the Induction machine (IM) requires the measurement of rotor speed and stator currents. This information is provided from three sensors: one mechanical and two electrical sensors. Generally, we often pay much attention to mechanical sensorless control. Extensive works have already been done on this. Electrical sensors are no less important as mechanical one. As a matter of fact, a failure of only one electrical sensor causes a malfunction of the overall control chain.In this paper we propose a new electrical sensorless control of IM with the same performance as the FOC and lower cost. The proposed control whose the scheme is very simple, is based on the artificial neural networks (ANN). A neural block, with specified inputs, is designed to provide the desired IM control variables at any operation point basing on a minimum amount of information provided from the motor.The effectiveness of the proposed control for IM drive is verified at several operation conditions and highlighted by comparing to the conventional FOC. The results clearly show the merits of the proposed control over conventional one, in terms of cost, simplicity of the control scheme and above all, its interest in the event of the technical defect of one or both stator current sensors.
4 citations
Cites background from "Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..."
...A current research direction is based on techniques derived from artificial intelligence (AI) [14-18]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new control structure for sensorless induction machines dedicated to electrical drives using a five-level voltage source inverter (VSI) has been proposed, which reduces the undesirable torque ripple that can occur in the output torque.
Abstract: The object of this paper is to study a new control structure for sensorless induction machine dedicated to electrical drives using a five-level voltage source inverter (VSI). However, direct torque control (DTC), known for years, provides high dynamic performance and also fast and robust response for induction motors (IM), classical DTC produces notable torque, flux ripples. In the present paper, fuzzy logic has been suggested to improve the system performance (i.e. gives faster torque and flux responses and also reducing the undesirable torque ripple that can occur in the output torque). In this controller, torque error, flux error and also the position of stator flux are as inputs and the output of it is a suitable voltage vector which should apply to the motor. In this paper to reduce the number of rules and also increase controller’s speed, we use particular mapping for the stator flux position. Compared with conventional DTC, this method is easily implemented for induction machine, the ripples of both torque and flux are reduced remarkable. Simulation results proved the superiority of the novel approach. Streszczenie. Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie nowej struktury sterowania bezczujnikowej maszyny indukcyjnej przeznaczonej do napędów elektrycznych z wykorzystaniem pięciopoziomowego falownika napięcia (VSI). Wiadomo jednak, że bezpośrednia sterowanie momentu obrotowego (DTC), znane od lat zapewnia wysoką dynamikę, a także szybką i solidną reakcję dla silników indukcyjnych (IM), klasyczny algorytm DTC wytwarza znaczny moment obrotowy, tętnienia strumienia. W niniejszym artykule zasugerowano logikę rozmytą, aby poprawić wydajność systemu (tzn. daje szybszą zmianę momentu obrotowego i odpowiedzi strumienia, a także zmniejsza niepożądane tętnienia momentu obrotowego, które mogą wystąpić w wyjściowym momencie obrotowym). W tym regulatorze, błąd momentu obrotowego, błąd strumienia, a także położenie strumienia stojana są jako wejścia, a jego wyjście jest odpowiednim wektorem napięcia, który powinien być zastosowany do sterowania silnika. W tym artykule, aby zmniejszyć liczbę reguł, a także zwiększyć szybkość kontrolera, używamy konkretnego odwzorowania dla położenia strumienia stojana. W porównaniu z konwencjonalnym kodem DTC ta metoda jest łatwa do zastosowania w maszynach indukcyjnych, a tętnienia momentu obrotowego i strumienia są znacznie mniejsze. Wyniki symulacji dowiodły wyższości nowatorskiego podejścia. Bezpośrednie sterowanie momentem w bezczujnikowym silniku indukcyjnym za pomocą pięciopoziomowego przekształtnika wspomaganegologiką rozmytą
3 citations
Additional excerpts
...When the flux error becomes small, switching states which give faster increase in the torque have to be selected by the fuzzy logic system [5, 6]....
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...Above benefits also increases system’s speed [5]....
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05 Mar 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, a fuzzy rule base replaces the hysteresis comparator and inverter switching vector Look-Up Table (LUT) of the conventional direct torque control for torque ripple minimization of induction motor drives in electric vehicle applications.
Abstract: This paper describes the strategy and development of a fuzzy logic enabled direct torque control for torque ripple minimization of induction motor drives in electric vehicle applications. In the proposed fuzzy-enabled DTC, a fuzzy rule base replaces both the hysteresis comparator and the inverter switching vector Look-Up Table (LUT) of the conventional DTC. The error in Torque and flux along with the stator flux vector position are appropriately categorized into smaller groups and represented with various fuzzy membership functions. In the proposed scheme the outer loop is designed with a fuzzy logic based speed controller for improved dynamic torque response and make it a comprehensive Fuzzy based DTC. The fuzzy-enabled DTC is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and its performance is evaluated for a typical commercial Electric Car model which utilize induction motor.
2 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: This paper presents a space-phasor model of A.C. machines based on artificial intelligence-based steady-state and transient analysis of electrical machines, estimators and investigates the role of magnetic saturation in the control of these machines.
Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. The space-phasor model of A.C. machines 3. Vector and direct torque control of synchronous machines 4. Vector and direct torque control of induction machines 5. Torque control of switched reluctance motors 6. Effects of magnetic saturation 7. Artificial intelligence-based steady-state and transient analysis of electrical machines, estimators 8. Self-commissioning Index
2,343 citations
"Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..." refers background in this paper
...X= V or I The electromagnetic torque can be estimated in terms of stator flux and currents [4], as follows:...
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...DTC has attracted great interest since the beginning for its good performance, robustness and simplicity [4]....
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TL;DR: Direct self-control (DSC) as discussed by the authors is a simple method of signal processing that gives converter-fed three-phase machines an excellent dynamic performance, and it is sufficient to process the measured signals of the stator currents and the total flux linkages only.
Abstract: The new direct self-control (DSC) is a simple method of signal processing that gives converter-fed three-phase machines an excellent dynamic performance. To control the torque of, say, an induction motor, it is sufficient to process the measured signals of the stator currents and the total flux linkages only. In the basic version of DSC, the power semiconductors of a three-phase voltage source inverter are directly switched on and off via three Schmitt triggers, comparing the time integrals of line-to-line voltages to a reference value of desired flux, if the torque has not yet reached an upper-limit value of a two-limit torque control. Optimal performance of drive systems is accomplished in steady state as well as under transient conditions by combination of several two-limit controls. >
1,730 citations
Additional excerpts
...[2] M. Depenbrock, "Direct self-control (DSC) of inverter-fed induction machine, J. sci. IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 3, pp. 420- 429, 1988....
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...More than three decades has passed since direct torque control (DTC) of induction motors was proposed by M. Depenbrock as Direct Self Control (DSC) [2] *Research supported by the national research project, under the A01L07UN16042014115 code....
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...Depenbrock as Direct Self Control (DSC) [2]...
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TL;DR: In this article, a direct torque control method for an induction motor is presented which is quite different from field-oriented control, which is achieved according to the following priorities: (1) high-speed torque control; (2) regulation of the primary flux; (3) decreasing the zero phase sequence current; and (4) minimization of the inverter switching frequency.
Abstract: A novel direct torque control method for an induction motor is presented which is quite different from field-oriented control. Improving the torque response of a large-capacity induction motor using two sets of three-phase inverters and an open-data induction motor is of special concern. Instantaneous voltage vectors applied by an inverter have redundancy characteristics which provide some flexibility for selecting the inverter switching modes. By using this switching freedom, control is achieved according to the following priorities: (1) high-speed torque control; (2) regulation of the primary flux; (3) decreasing the zero phase sequence current; and (4) minimization of the inverter switching frequency. Simulations and experiments have been carried out to verify the feasibility of this priority control, accompanied by comparisons with another control scheme. Torque frequency-response corner frequencies above 2000 Hz have been experimentally measured, and time constants of 4 ms have been achieved for rotor-speed step responses from -500 to 500 r/min. The peak transient torque during the step change is about 20 times the rate torque. >
589 citations
"Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..." refers background in this paper
...Takahashi as Direct Torque Control (DTC) [3]....
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...torque two hysteresis comparators and a heuristic switching table [3]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a fuzzy logic hysteresis comparator-based direct torque control (DTC) scheme of an induction motor (IM) under varying dynamic conditions is presented. But, the performance of the proposed drive is tested in both simulation and experiment, a complete simulation model is developed using MATLAB/Simulink.
Abstract: This paper presents a fuzzy logic hysteresis comparator-based direct torque control (DTC) scheme of an induction motor (IM) under varying dynamic conditions. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is used to adjust the bandwidth of the torque hysteresis controller in order to reduce the torque and flux ripples and, hence, to improve motor dynamic response. The effects of torque hysteresis bandwidth on the amplitude of torque ripples of an IM are also discussed in this paper. Based on the slopes of motor-estimated torque and stator current, an FLC is designed to select the optimum bandwidth of the torque hysteresis controller. This paper also proposes a simpler algorithm than the conventional trigonometric function-based algorithm to evaluate the sector number (required for DTC scheme) of the stator flux-linkage space vector. The proposed algorithm reduces the computational burden on the microprocessor. In order to test the performance of the proposed FLC-based DTC scheme for IM drive, a complete simulation model is developed using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed FLC-based DTC scheme is also implemented in real time using DSP board DS1104 for a prototype 1/3 hp motor. The performance of the proposed drive is tested in both simulation and experiment.
117 citations
01 Nov 2010
TL;DR: A simpler algorithm than the conventional trigonometric function-based algorithm to evaluate the sector number (required for DTC scheme) of the stator flux-linkage space vector is proposed, which reduces the computational burden on the microprocessor.
Abstract: This paper presents a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based direct torque control (DTC) scheme for speed control of IM drive over a wide speed range. The FLC is used to adjust the bandwidth of torque hysteresis controller in order to reduce the torque ripple of developed torque and hence to improve motor dynamic response. The effects of torque hysteresis band amplitude on the torque ripple of IM are also discussed in the paper. The FLC is designed to select the optimum amplitudes of the three level torque hysteresis controller based on the variation in motor speed. In order to test the performance of the proposed FLC based DTC scheme for IM drive a complete simulation model is developed using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed FLC based DTC scheme is implemented in real-time using DSP board DS1104 for a prototype 1/3 hp motor. The performance of the proposed drive is tested at different operating conditions both in simulation and experiment.
62 citations
"Fuzzy logic-based direct torque con..." refers background in this paper
...For the modified DTC, the most researches focus on the two-fuzzy controllers in the SVM-DTC technique [1, 5, 18]....
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...That can be considered as the main disadvantages of this technique [5]....
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