Gamma Radiation Detection Response of Pt/PZT/SRO Based Capacitor for Dosimetry Application
01 Oct 2020-IEEE Electron Device Letters (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE))-Vol. 41, Iss: 10, pp 1564-1567
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of gamma radiation on the intrinsic electrical behavior of PZT capacitors was explored in form of the currentvoltage and capacitance-voltage properties.
Abstract: Radiation induced changes in the electrical properties of PbZrTiO3 (PZT) thin films have been studied for dosimetry application. The radiation detection was based on radiation induced changes in the electrical properties under the influence of gamma radiation. Epitaxial heterostructure of ferroelectric PbZr0.52 Ti0.48O3 (001)/SrRuO3 (SRO) were grown on single crystal SrTiO3 (001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition and platinum (Pt) electrode was deposited on top of the PZT film. The maximum capacitance of the heteroepitaxial capacitor devices was $\approx ~25$ pF with a corresponding small leakage current. The effect of gamma ( $\gamma $ -ray) irradiation on the intrinsic electrical behavior of the Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) capacitor devices were explored in form of the current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) properties. The PZT devices were exposed to a 60Co Gamma source with 2.8 kGy/h dose rate from 0 kGy to 400 kGy doses. Gamma radiation induced broadening was observed in full width half maxima (FWHM) of the x-ray diffraction (00l) peak with the increasing gamma doses. All devices showed a consistence changes in conductance and capacitance with increasing gamma doses. The results demonstrated linear relationship in electrical response of PZT thin-film capacitors as a function of gamma doses. The device showed significant changes in the values of current and capacitance with the increase in dose up to 400 kGy and are therefore suitable for high-dose dosimetry applications.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, Bethe and Morrison present a theory of elementary nuclear theory, which they call the "elementary nuclear theory" (ENTT), based on the concept of the atom.
Abstract: Elementary Nuclear Theory By Prof. Hans A. Bethe and Prof. Philip Morrison. Second edition. Pp. xi + 274. (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., 1956.) 50s. net.
289 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that perovskite absorbers can function at the highest efficiencies in simplified device architectures, without the need for complex nanostructures.
Abstract: Many different photovoltaic technologies are being developed for large-scale solar energy conversion. The wafer-based first-generation photovoltaic devices have been followed by thin-film solid semiconductor absorber layers sandwiched between two charge-selective contacts and nanostructured (or mesostructured) solar cells that rely on a distributed heterojunction to generate charge and to transport positive and negative charges in spatially separated phases. Although many materials have been used in nanostructured devices, the goal of attaining high-efficiency thin-film solar cells in such a way has yet to be achieved. Organometal halide perovskites have recently emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency nanostructured devices. Here we show that nanostructuring is not necessary to achieve high efficiencies with this material: a simple planar heterojunction solar cell incorporating vapour-deposited perovskite as the absorbing layer can have solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiencies of over 15 per cent (as measured under simulated full sunlight). This demonstrates that perovskite absorbers can function at the highest efficiencies in simplified device architectures, without the need for complex nanostructures.
6,336 citations
"Gamma Radiation Detection Response ..." refers background in this paper
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TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid perovskite single-crystal photodetector with a very narrow spectral response with a full width at half-maximum of <20 nm was presented.
Abstract: Organolead trihalide perovskite is an emerging low-cost, solution-processable material with a tunable bandgap from the violet to near-infrared, which has attracted a great deal of interest for applications in high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, we present hybrid perovskite single-crystal photodetectors that have a very narrow spectral response with a full-width at half-maximum of <20 nm. The response spectra are continuously tuned from blue to red by changing the halide composition and thus the bandgap of the single crystals synthesized by solution processes. The narrowband photodetection can be explained by the strong surface-charge recombination of the excess carriers close to the crystal surfaces generated by short-wavelength light. The excess carriers generated by below-bandgap excitation locate away from the surfaces and can be much more efficiently collected by the electrodes, assisted by the applied electric field. This provides a new design paradigm for a narrowband photodetector with broad applications where background noise emission needs to be suppressed. Perovskite-based devices typically exhibit broadband spectral responses. Here narrowband (< 20 nm FWHM) response is achieved for a photodetector application.
871 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, single-crystal perovskite devices 2-3 mm thick exhibit 16.4% X-ray detection efficiency with sensitivity four times higher than α-Se detectors.
Abstract: Single-crystal perovskite devices 2–3 mm thick exhibit 16.4% X-ray detection efficiency with sensitivity four times higher than α-Se X-ray detectors.
772 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a solid-state gamma-radiation detector made from solution-grown perovskites has been demonstrated for multiple practical applications, including defence, medical and research applications.
Abstract: Cheap and sensitive gamma-ray detectors are desired for defence, medical and research applications. Solid-state gamma-radiation detectors made from solution-grown perovskites have now been demonstrated for multiple practical applications.
299 citations
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TL;DR: A dopant compensation in alloyed OIHP single crystals is reported to overcome limitations of device noise and charge collection, enabling γ-ray spectrum collection at room temperature.
Abstract: Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) bring an unprecedented opportunity for radiation detection with their defect-tolerance nature, large mobility–lifetime product, and simple crystal growth from solution. Here we report a dopant compensation in alloyed OIHP single crystals to overcome limitations of device noise and charge collection, enabling γ-ray spectrum collection at room temperature. CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbCl3 are found to be p-type and n-type doped, respectively, whereas dopant-compensated CH3NH3PbBr2.94Cl0.06 alloy has over tenfold improved bulk resistivity of 3.6 × 109 Ω cm. Alloying also increases the hole mobility to 560 cm2 V−1 s−1, yielding a high mobility–lifetime product of 1.8 × 10−2 cm2 V−1. The use of a guard ring electrode in the detector reduces the crystal surface leakage current and device dark current. A distinguishable 137Cs energy spectrum with comparable or better resolution than standard scintillator detectors is collected under a small electric field of 1.8 V mm−1 at room temperature. Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite single crystals with optimized combination of Cl and Br ions are used to fabricate γ-ray detectors operating at room temperature and competing with the performance of sodium iodide scintillators.
293 citations