Gamma ray shielding properties of PbO-Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, the mass attenuation coefficients have been measured in (0.6-x) PbO-x Li 2 O-0.40 B 2 O 3 (where 0≤ x≤0.25 mol%) glasses for photon energies of 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV, with an overall scatter acceptance angle of 2.31°.
About: This article is published in Radiation Physics and Chemistry.The article was published on 2017-07-01. It has received 193 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Borate glass & Mass attenuation coefficient.
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TL;DR: A review on the application of lead as radiation shielding material, current safety issues related to lead, current work on radiation shielding materials and recent development of new lead-free shielding materials in nuclear medicine is presented in this paper.
171 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive study of photon interaction features has been made for some alloys containing Pd and Ag content to evaluate its possible use as alternative gamma radiations shielding material.
164 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new series of heavy metal oxide (HMO) glasses in the 10WO3-xMoO3-(90-x)TeO2, x = 10 −40 −mol% system have been developed using melt quenching technique to investigate their potentiality for radiation shielding applications.
163 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the mass attenuation coefficients, radiation protection efficiency, and half value layer of the prepared borate glasses with respect to gamma photons (in the range of 0.356-1.33 µm) were investigated.
Abstract: In an attempt to develop a novel gamma radiation shielding glasses, we prepared borate glasses contains a high concentration of heavy metals like Bi2O3 and MoO3 with the composition of 20MoO3-(80-x)B2O3-xBi2O3, were x varied from 30 to 45 mol% using tradition melt-quenching-annealing method. A structural investigation such as XRD and FTIR were characterized to confirm the amorphous structure of the prepared glasses and prove the availability of all chemicals included in these compositions after the melting process. Furthermore, optical studies on these glasses were investigated to prove the transparency of the fabricated glasses. Attenuation characteristics (mass attenuation coefficients, radiation protection efficiency, and half value layer) of the prepared glasses with respect to gamma photons (in the range of 0.356–1.33 MeV) were investigated. The mass attenuation coefficients and radiation protection efficiency results increased with increasing the Bi2O3 content and this improves the attenuation ability for the prepared samples. The radiation protection efficiency also revealed that the glasses have the maximum capability in attenuation gamma photons at 0.356 MeV. The mean free path with the prepared glasses was compared with some concretes which is reported in the literature and with some commercial glasses to assess their potential for use in gamma radiation shielding products.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of polymer materials for radiation protection, with focus on the role of the nanofillers, is discussed and the effectiveness of polymeric materials for the absorption of fast neutrons.
Abstract: The rising use of radioactive elements is increasing radioactive pollution and calling for advanced materials to protect individuals. For instance, polymers are promising due to their mechanical, electrical, thermal, and multifunctional properties. Moreover, composites made of polymers and high atomic number fillers should allow to obtain material with low-weight, good flexibility, and good processability. Here we review the synthesis of polymer materials for radiation protection, with focus on the role of the nanofillers. We discuss the effectivness of polymeric materials for the absorption of fast neutrons. We also present the recycling of polymers into composites.
141 citations
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TL;DR: Theoretical calculations have been performed in order to obtain the mass attenuation coefficients and the linear attenuation coefficient at photon energies from 10 keV to 1 GeV for ordinary, hematite-serpentine, ilmenite-limonite, basalt-magnetite, steel-scrap and steel magnetite concretes as mentioned in this paper.
689 citations
01 Jul 2002-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms
TL;DR: In this article, the attenuation coefficients of glasses in the system were determined at 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV photon energies using a narrow beam transmission method.
Abstract: Mass attenuation coefficients of glasses in the system: xBi2O3(1−x)B2O3 (x=0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.55) were determined at 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV photon energies using a narrow beam transmission method. Appreciable variations were observed in these coefficients due to changes in the chemical composition of glasses. These coefficients were then used to determine effective atomic numbers of glass samples, which were found to be constant with bismuth concentration and energy.
276 citations
TL;DR: Gamma-ray shielding competence of silicate and borate heavy metal oxide glasses has been investigated using linear attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers and exposure buildup factors (EBF) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Gamma-ray shielding competence of silicate and borate heavy metal oxide glasses has been investigated using linear attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers and exposure buildup factors (EBF). The gamma-ray EBF were computed using the Geometric Progression (G-P) fitting method for photon energies from 0.015 to 15 MeV, and for penetration depths up to 40 mean free paths (mfps). The macroscopic effective removal cross-section for fast neutron has been calculated for energy range from 2 to 12 MeV. It is found that bismuth silicate glass has superior shielding properties and is suitable for replacement of lead glasses. The present investigation is very useful for gamma-ray and neutron shielding and design for lead-free shielding glass in radiological engineering.
202 citations
01 Jan 2008-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms
TL;DR: The attenuation coefficients of barium-borate-flyash glasses have been measured for γ-ray photon energies of 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV using narrow beam transmission geometry.
Abstract: The attenuation coefficients of barium–borate–flyash glasses have been measured for γ-ray photon energies of 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV using narrow beam transmission geometry. The photon beam was highly collimated and overall scatter acceptance angle was less than 3°. Our results have an uncertainty of less than 3%. These coefficients were then used to obtain the values of mean free path (mfp), effective atomic number and electron density. Good agreements have been observed between experimental and theoretical values of these parameters. From the studies of the obtained results it is reported here that from the shielding point of view the barium–borate–flyash glasses are better shields to γ-radiations in comparison to the standard radiation shielding concretes and also to the ordinary barium–borate glasses.
181 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the gamma-ray exposure buildup factor (EBF) values and neutron shielding effectiveness of bismuth borosilicate (BBS) glass systems in composition (50− x )SiO 2 :15B 2 O 3 :2Al 2 O3 :10CaO:23Na 2 O: x Bi 2 O 4 (where x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ǫ%) were calculated.
157 citations