Book•
Gas turbine theory
01 Jan 1973-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analysis of the performance of simple gas turbines for aircraft propulsion and demonstrate that simple gas turbine cycles can be used to achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. Shaft power cycles 3. Gas turbine cycles for aircraft propulsion 4. Centrifugal compressors 5. Axial flow compressors 6. Combustion systems 7 Axial and radial flow turbines 8. Prediction of performance of simple gas turbines 9. Prediction of performance - further topics Appendix A Some notes on gas dynamics Appendix B Problems Appendix C References Index
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01 Jan 2002TL;DR: This book is to supply the control engineer with a sufficient modeling background to design controllers for a wide range of processes, and deliberately break the tradition evident in many books in the control literature where the emphasis is on having a unified formulation specific to automatic control.
Abstract: No parts of this publication may be reproduced by any means, transmitted, or translated into machine language without the written permission of the author. Requests for permisson to reproduce parts of the book should be adressed directly to Professor Olav Egeland, Preface Modeling and simulation of dynamic processes are very important subjects in control systems design. Most processes that are encountered in practical controller design are very well described in the engineering literature, and it is important that the control engineer is able to take advantage of this information. It is a problem that several books must be used to get the relevant modeling information of a particular process, and it may take a long time to go through all the necessary material. The idea of this book is to supply the control engineer with a sufficient modeling background to design controllers for a wide range of processes. In addition, the book provides a good starting point for going into the specialist literature of different engineering disciplines. In this connection the references indicate where to start. The book also contains more material than what will normally be covered in the lectures of a typical course, so that students may return to the book at a later stage and find additional information about a particular subject. This will be more efficient than to extract the required information from a series of other books. In this sense the book will be of great value for practising control engineers. The development of new products and systems is often done in a team of experts with different backgrounds. It is hoped that this book will help control engineers to communicate with other experts in this type of team. To achieve this we have been careful to use standard terminology and notation from the different engineering disciplines in question. Here we deliberately break the tradition evident in many books in the control literature where the emphasis is on having a unified formulation specific to automatic control. The selection of the material is based on the experience of the authors in teaching and research at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. In addition to this, material has been selected on the basis of extensive industrial activity through research programs between university and industry, and product development in industry. In this activity there has been close cooperation with experts from other disciplines, and this has given …
363 citations
TL;DR: In this article, different biomass energy systems are analyzed regarding their energetic and economic performance related to fossil primary energy savings, and the performance of systems is expressed as a function of scale.
Abstract: Policy objectives to increase biomass’ contribution to the energy supply in industrialised countries are quite ambitious, but biomass resources are rather limited and expensive in many situations. Therefore, an optimal utilisation of resources producing a maximum of energy at minimal costs is desirable. A wide variety of biomass conversion options with different performance characteristics exists. Also, the economic and energetic performance depends on many variables, such as costs of logistics, scaling effects and degree of heat utilisation to name a few. Therefore, system analysis is needed to identify optimal systems. In this study, different biomass energy systems are analysed regarding their energetic and economic performance related to fossil primary energy savings. The systems studied contain residual woody biomass, logistics, heat distribution and combustion or gasification units producing heat, power or CHP. The performance of systems is expressed as a function of scale. This is done by applying generic functions to describe plants’ efficiencies and specific investment costs and by expressing costs and energy use of logistic and heat distribution as a function of conversion unit capacities. Scale effects within biomass energy systems are significant. Up-scaling increases the relative primary energy savings of the studied systems within the scale range of 0– 300 MW th−input regarded, while costs per unit of primary energy savings decrease or have an optimum at medium scales. The relative primary energy savings lay between 0.53 and 1.13 GJ fossil−saved GJ biomass −1 . With costs of 4– 20 GJ fossil−saved −1 systems are not profitable under Dutch conditions with residual wood prices of 3.8 GJ LHV −1 while firing waste wood with zero costs at the plant gate renders profitable operation possible. Favourable in both economic and energy terms are BIG/CC plants.
291 citations
TL;DR: The use of mainframe gas turbines for power generation has increased in recent years and is likely to continue to increase as mentioned in this paper and the proportion of power generation using combined heat and power is also growing mainly due to efficiency improvements and environmental benefits.
278 citations
Additional excerpts
...The simple cycle ideal efficiency (without use of a recuperator) is given by [7]...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the cost effect of introducing selected storage technologies in a large variety of autonomous electrical grids so as to ensure higher levels of renewable energy sources penetration, in particular wind and solar, is examined in detail.
237 citations
TL;DR: Remaining useful life values have been predicted here by using the hybrid PSO–SVM-based model from the remaining measured parameters (input variables) for aircraft engines with success.
223 citations