GC-MS Technique and its Analytical Applications in Science and Technology
17 Nov 2014-Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques (OMICS International)-Vol. 5, Iss: 6, pp 1-5
TL;DR: This review elaborates the significant uses of GC-MS, a highly effective and versatile analytical techniques with numerous scientific applications to cater the field of applied Sciences and Technology.
Abstract: GC-MS is highly effective and versatile analytical techniques with numerous scientific applications to cater the field of applied Sciences and Technology. This review elaborates the significant uses of this technique. It is a very useful for quality control, analytical research, impurity profiling and maintenance for human welfare and development.
Citations
More filters
••
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper summarized recent studies on characteristics and sources of organic aerosols and assessed the current state of understanding of the organic aerosol pollution in China, concluding that OAs constitute ∼20-45% of the PM2.5 with an annual mean value of 5.2-44.5μg/m3 at sites across China.
90 citations
Cites methods from "GC-MS Technique and its Analytical ..."
...Major analytical procedures are listed in Table S4 (Chauhan et al., 2014; Fu et al., 2008; Yin et al., 2015)....
[...]
••
TL;DR: The results obtained in this study suggest an important antibacterial potential of red propolis subfractions, and reveal a cytotoxic effect against the non-tumour Vero cell line.
65 citations
••
TL;DR: Higher-tier risk assessment indicated that the fungicide spiroxamine poses a high acute risk to aquatic organisms, while possible acute risks were indicated for the insecticides deltamethrin and endosulfan.
Abstract: The area around Lake Ziway in Ethiopia is going through a major agricultural transformation with both small-scale farmers and large horticultural companies using pesticides and fertilisers at an increased rate. To be able to understand how this influences the water quality of Lake Ziway, water quality data was gathered to study the dynamics of pesticide concentrations and physicochemical parameters for the years from 2009 to 2015. Results indicate that for some physicochemical parameters, including pH, potassium and iron, over 50 % of the values were above the maximum permissible limit of the Ethiopian standard for drinking water. The fungicide spiroxamine poses a high chronic risk when the water is used for drinking water, while the estimated intake of diazinon was approximately 50 % of the acceptable daily intake. Higher-tier risk assessment indicated that the fungicide spiroxamine poses a high acute risk to aquatic organisms, while possible acute risks were indicated for the insecticides deltamethrin and endosulfan. Longer-term monitoring needs to be established to show the water quality changes across time and space, and the current study can be used as a baseline measurement for further research in the area as well as an example for other surface water systems in Ethiopia and Africa.
57 citations
••
TL;DR: An analytical guide map is presented as a guideline for choosing the most appropriated technique for a given analytical information required, as a guide for readers to find the most appropriate technique(s) for their investigation.
50 citations
••
TL;DR: Interestingly, with the increased high number of mileages ranged from 30,001 to 50,000 km, CO and NOx emission factor was observed to be declining, respectively, and could be attributed to the technological changes on new diesel vehicle models.
41 citations
References
More filters
••
27 May 2004
TL;DR: This chapter discusses theory and application of Gas Chromatography, as well as practical applications, which include clinical and Pharmaceutical applications, forensic science applications, and environmental applications.
Abstract: Preface.1. Introduction (Robert L. Grob).PART I: THEORY AND BASICS.2. Theory of Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob).3. Columns: Packed and Capillary Column Selection in Gas Chromatography (Eugene F. Barry).4. Optimization of Separations and Computer Assistance (John V. Hinshaw).5. High-Speed Gas Chromatography (Richard D. Sacks).PART II: TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION.6. Detectors in Modern Gas Chromatography (Luis A. Colon and Lisa J. Baird).7. Techniques for Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (John A. Masucci and Gary W. Caldwell).8. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis by Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob and Mary A. Kaiser).9. Inlet Systems for Gas Chromatography (Nicholas H. Snow).10. Gas Management Systems for Gas Chromatography (Reginald J. Bartram).PART III: APPLICATIONS.11. Sample Preparation Techniques for Gas Chromatography (Nicholas H. Snow and Gregory C. Slack).12. Physicochemical Measurements by Gas Chromatography (Mary A. Kaiser and Cecil R. Dybowski).13. Petroleum and Petrochemical Analysis by Gas Chromatography (Edward F. Smith, Mark E. Craig, and Clifford C. Walters).14. Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography (Juan G. Alvarez).15. Environmental Applications of Gas Chromatography (John L. Snyder).16. Forensic Science Applications of Gas Chromatography (Thomas A. Brettell).17. Validation and QA/QC of Gas Chromatographic Methods (Thomas A. Brettell and Richard E. Lester).APPENDIXES.Appendix A. Effect of Detector Attenuation Change and Chart Speed on Peak Height, Peak Width, and Peak Area (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).Appendix B. Gas Chromatographic Acronyms and Symbols and Their Definitions (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).Appendix C. Useful Hints for Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).INDEX.
738 citations
••
TL;DR: Five algorithms proposed in the literature for library search identification of unknown compounds from their low resolution mass spectra were optimized and tested by matching test spectra against reference spectra in the NIST-EPA-NIH Mass Spectral Database.
702 citations
•
03 Sep 1996
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a discussion of the fundamental principles of GC/MS, including conditions, derivatization, and interpretation of specific compound types: Acids.
Abstract: Preface. Part I: The Fundamentals of GC/MS: What Is GC/MS. Mass Spectral Interpretation. Quantitation. Additional Literature Pertaining to Part I. Part II: GC Conditions, Derivatization, and Mass Spectral Interpretation of Specific Compound Types: Acids. Alcohols. Aldehydes. Amides. Amines. Amino Acids. Common Contaminants. Drugs and Metabolites. Esters. Ethers. Fluorinated Compounds. Gases. Glycols. Halogenated Compounds. Hydrocarbons. Isocyanates. Ketones. Nitriles. Nitroaromatics. Nitrogen-Containing Hetrocyclics. Nucleosides. Pesticides. Phenols. Phosphorus Compounds. Plasticizers. Prostaglandins. Solvents and Impurities. Steriods. Sugars. Sulfur Compounds. Additional Literature Pertaining to Part II. Part III: Ions for Determining Unknown Structures: M 1 to M 200. Part IV: Appendices: Definitions of Terms Related to Gas Chromatography. Tips for Gas Chromatography. Derivatives Found Useful in GC/MS. Cross Index Chart for GC Phases. McReynolds' Constants. Simple GC Troubleshooting. Definitions of Terms Related to Mass Spectrometry. Tips and Troubleshooting for Mass Spectrometry. Atomic Masses and Isotope Abundances. Structurally Significant McLafferty Rearrangement Ions. Isotope Patterns for ClxBry. Mixtures for Determining Mass Spectral Resolution. Additional Literature Pertaining to Part IV. Index.
336 citations
•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: The Pfleger/Maurer/Weber reference work as mentioned in this paper contains more than 6,300 mass spectra and more than 2000 new drugs relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology, doping control, food chemistry, etc.
Abstract: Announcing a new volume of Pfleger/Maurer/Weber: Mass Spectral and GC Data of Drugs, Poisons, Pesticides, Pollutants and Their Metabolites. Unmatched in scope, quality and reliability, this collection is the result of a unique effort. The new Part 4 of this famous reference work contains - 2000 new mass spectra (more than 6300 in Part 1-4) - data of nearly all the new drugs relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology, doping control, food chemistry, etc. - nearly complete coverage of trimethylsilylated, perfluoroacylated, perfluoroalkylated and methylated compounds - data revision of already published volumes in this second edition - updated sections on sample preparation and GC-MS methods - tables covering all the data of Parts 1-4 with directions as to page and volume on/in which the data can be found as well as the appropriate entry numbers of the electronic versions (tables listed by names and categories). The complete set of Part 1-4 now comprises more than 6300 mass spectra and reaches far beyond the needs of clinical and forensic toxicologists. The inclusion of pesticides and pollutants makes this data collection invaluable for environmental chemists, occupational toxicologists and food analysts, too. The data of the supplement volume will also be provided as an up-grade of the computer libraries (PMW TOX3) by producers of mass spectrometers, e.g., Agilent Technologies, Thermo Finnigan, Perkin-Elmer, Shimadzu and Varian.
262 citations