Gender differences in the association of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity with adiponectin in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study
Aurelian Bidulescu,Jiankang Liu,DeMarc A. Hickson,DeMarc A. Hickson,Kristen G. Hairston,Ervin R. Fox,Donna K. Arnett,Anne E. Sumner,Herman A. Taylor,Herman A. Taylor,Gary H. Gibbons +10 more
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TLDR
The statistically significant inverse association of VAT and adiponectin persisted after additionally adjusting for SAT, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), suggesting that VAT provides significant information above and beyond BMI and WC.Abstract:
Adiponectin, paradoxically reduced in obesity and with lower levels in African Americans (AA), modulates several cardiometabolic risk factors. Because abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), known to be reduced in AA, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) compartments may confer differential metabolic risk profiles, we investigated the associations of VAT and SAT with serum adiponectin, separately by gender, with the hypothesis that VAT is more strongly inversely associated with adiponectin than SAT. Participants from the Jackson Heart Study, an ongoing cohort of AA (n = 2,799; 64% women; mean age, 55 ± 11 years) underwent computer tomography assessment of SAT and VAT volumes, and had stored serum specimens analyzed for adiponectin levels. These levels were examined by gender in relation to increments of VAT and SAT. Compared to women, men had significantly lower mean levels of adiponectin (3.9 ± 3.0 μg/mL vs. 6.0 ± 4.4 μg/mL; p < 0.01) and mean volume of SAT (1,721 ± 803 cm3 vs. 2,668 ± 968 cm3; p < 0.01) but significantly higher mean volume of VAT (884 ± 416 cm3 vs. 801 ± 363 cm3; p < 0.01). Among women, a one standard deviation increment in VAT was inversely associated with adiponectin (β = − 0.13; p < 0.0001) after controlling for age, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, education, pack-years of smoking and daily intake of alcohol. The statistically significant inverse association of VAT and adiponectin persisted after additionally adjusting for SAT, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), suggesting that VAT provides significant information above and beyond BMI and WC. Among men, after the same multivariable adjustment, there was a direct association of SAT and adiponectin (β = 0.18; p = 0.002) that persisted when controlling for BMI and WC, supporting a beneficial effect of SAT. Insulin resistance mediated the association of SAT with adiponectin in women. In African Americans, abdominal visceral adipose tissue had an inverse association with serum adiponectin concentrations only among women. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue appeared as a protective fat depot in men.read more
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Adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines, the key mediators in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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Sex differences in body fat distribution are related to sex differences in serum leptin and adiponectin
Tim Christen,S. Trompet,Raymond Noordam,Jan B. van Klinken,Ko Willems van Dijk,Hildo J. Lamb,Christa M. Cobbaert,Martin den Heijer,Ingrid M. Jazet,J. Wouter Jukema,Frits R. Rosendaal,Renée de Mutsert +11 more
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References
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Crossvalidation of anthropometry against magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in children.
Paolo Brambilla,Giorgio Bedogni,LM Moreno,Michael I. Goran,Bernard Gutin,Kenneth R Fox,Derek M. Peters,Paule Barbeau,M. De Simone,Angelo Pietrobelli +9 more
TL;DR: WC can be considered a good predictor of VAT as well as BMI of SAT, and the importance of ethnicity and gender on VAT estimation is not negligible.
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Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue: A Protective Fat Depot?
Stacy A. Porter,Joseph M. Massaro,Udo Hoffmann,Ramachandran S. Vasan,Christopher J. O'Donnel,Caroline S. Fox +5 more
TL;DR: Although adiposity increases the absolute risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, abdominal subcutaneous fat is not associated with a linear increase in the prevalence of all risk factors among the obese, most notably, high triglycerides.
PEDIATRIC HIGHLIGHT Crossvalidation of anthropometry against magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in children
Paolo Brambilla,Giorgio Bedogni,LA Moreno,Michael I. Goran,Bernard Gutin,Kenneth R Fox,Derek M. Peters,Paule Barbeau,M De Simone +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the state-of-the-art pediatrics departments in the US and Spain, including the following: Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy, Centro Studi Fegato, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy; Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoça, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of South California
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Depot-specific hormonal characteristics of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue and their relation to the metabolic syndrome.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the relationship between VAT and components of the metabolic syndrome and found that VAT contributes more to insulin resistance (HOMA IR) than SAT does, but not when insulin-suppressed plasma free fatty acids during oral glucose tolerance test as an index of insulin resistance are taken into consideration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The Jackson Heart Study
Jiankang Liu,Caroline S. Fox,DeMarc A. Hickson,Warren D. May,Kristen G. Hairston,J. Jeffery Carr,Herman A. Taylor +6 more
TL;DR: The results from this study suggest that relations with cardiometabolic risk factors are consistent with a pathogenic role of abdominal adiposity in participants of African ancestry.