Generation of nondiffracting Bessel beam using digital micromirror device
TL;DR: These observations demonstrate that the DMD offers a simple and efficient method to generate Bessel beams with distinct nondiffracting and self-reconstruction behaviors, and will potentially expand the applications to the optical manipulation and high-resolution fluorescence imaging owing to the unique nondIFFracting property.
Abstract: We experimentally demonstrated Bessel-like beams utilizing digital micromirror device (DMD). DMD with images imitating the equivalent axicon can shape the collimated Gaussian beam into Bessel beam. We reconstructed the 3D spatial field of the generated beam through a stack of measured cross-sectional images. The output beams have the profile of Bessel function after intensity modulation, and the beams extend at least 50 mm while the lateral dimension of the spot remains nearly invariant. Furthermore, the self-healing property has also been investigated, and all the experimental results agree well with simulated results numerically calculated through beam propagation method. Our observations demonstrate that the DMD offers a simple and efficient method to generate Bessel beams with distinct nondiffracting and self-reconstruction behaviors. The generated Bessel beams will potentially expand the applications to the optical manipulation and high-resolution fluorescence imaging owing to the unique nondiffracting property.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarizes the related theory, experimental techniques, and applications for wavefront shaping with DMDs in both statically shaping various spatial modes and dynamically compensating for the wavefront distortion caused by the scattering medium.
Abstract: A digital micromirror device (DMD) is a product of micromechanics. The DMD employs numerous micromirrors as the actuating components to switch small portions of light on and off. During the past few decades, such devices have been widely applied in digital light processing technology. The expanding range of applications makes the DMD increasingly important in various research aspects. Recent advances demonstrate that the DMD is potentially better than the traditional liquid crystal spatial light modulator in speed, spectrum sensitivity, and polarization modulation. These characteristics have been verified in a series of recently reported experiments. This review summarizes the related theory, experimental techniques, and applications for wavefront shaping with DMDs in both statically shaping various spatial modes and dynamically compensating for wavefront distortion caused by the scattering medium.
161 citations
TL;DR: This 3D-printing-based Bessel beam generation technique is useful not only for THz imaging systems with zero-order Bessel beams but also for future orbital-angular-momentum-based THz free-space communication with higher-orderBessel beams.
Abstract: We present the generation of arbitrary order Bessel beams at 0.3 THz through the implementation of suitably designed axicons based on 3D printing technology. The helical axicons, which possess thickness gradients in both radial and azimuthal directions, can convert the incident Gaussian beam into a high-order Bessel beam with spiral phase structure. The evolution of the generated Bessel beams are characterized experimentally with a three-dimensional field scanner. Moreover, the topological charges carried by the high-order Bessel beams are determined by the fork-like interferograms. This 3D-printing-based Bessel beam generation technique is useful not only for THz imaging systems with zero-order Bessel beams but also for future orbital-angular-momentum-based THz free-space communication with higher-order Bessel beams.
105 citations
TL;DR: A novel method to create perfect vortex beams with large topological charges using a digital micromirror device (DMD) through binary amplitude modulation and a narrow Gaussian approximation and the measurements show good consistency with the theoretical simulation.
Abstract: Optical vortices are associated with a spatial phase singularity. Such a beam with a vortex is valuable in optical microscopy, hyper-entanglement, and optical levitation. In these applications, vortex beams with a perfect circle shape and a large topological charge are highly desirable. But the generation of perfect vortices with high topological charges is challenging. We present a novel method to create perfect vortex beams with large topological charges using a digital micromirror device (DMD) through binary amplitude modulation and a narrow Gaussian approximation. The DMD with binary holograms encoding both the spatial amplitude and the phase could generate fast switchable, reconfigurable optical vortex beams with significantly high quality and fidelity. With either the binary Lee hologram or the superpixel binary encoding technique, we were able to generate the corresponding hologram with high fidelity and create a perfect vortex with topological charge as large as 90. The physical properties of the perfect vortex beam produced were characterized through measurements of propagation dynamics and the focusing fields. The measurements show good consistency with the theoretical simulation. The perfect vortex beam produced satisfies high-demand utilization in optical manipulation and control, momentum transfer, quantum computing, and biophotonics.
85 citations
TL;DR: The turbulence-induced transverse phase distortion limits the effectiveness of Bessel and Airy beams for applications requiring propagation over long distances in the turbulent atmosphere.
Abstract: We investigate, through simulation, the modifications to Bessel and Airy beams during propagation through atmospheric turbulence. We find that atmospheric turbulence disrupts the quasi-non-diffracting nature of Bessel and Airy beams when the transverse coherence length (Fried parameter) nears the initial aperture diameter or diagonal, respectively. The turbulence-induced transverse phase distortion limits the effectiveness of Bessel and Airy beams for applications requiring propagation over long distances in the turbulent atmosphere.
79 citations
TL;DR: This paper has proposed a method which can be used to generate a high-power Bessel beam and gives an innovative idea to form vortex phase by using discontinuous piston phase.
Abstract: Bessel beam is the important member of the family of non-diffracting beams and has many novel properties which can be used in many areas. However, the source of Bessel beam generated by the existing methods can be used only in a short distance due to its low power. In this paper, based on the coherent combining technology, we have proposed a method which can be used to generate a high-power Bessel beam. Even more, we give an innovative idea to form vortex phase by using discontinuous piston phase. To confirm the validity of this method, the intensity evolution of the combined beam and the Bessel-Gaussian beam at different propagation distance have been studied and compared. Meanwhile, the experimental realization has been discussed from the existing experimental result related to the coherent combining technology.
66 citations
References
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TL;DR: This research presents the next generation of single-beam optical traps, which promise to take optical tweezers out of the laboratory and into the mainstream of manufacturing and diagnostics and even become consumer products.
Abstract: Optical tweezers use the forces exerted by a strongly focused beam of light to trap and move objects ranging in size from tens of nanometres to tens of micrometres. Since their introduction in 1986, the optical tweezer has become an important tool for research in the fields of biology, physical chemistry and soft condensed matter physics. Recent advances promise to take optical tweezers out of the laboratory and into the mainstream of manufacturing and diagnostics; they may even become consumer products. The next generation of single-beam optical traps offers revolutionary new opportunities for fundamental and applied research.
4,647 citations
TL;DR: The first experimental investigation of nondiffracting beams, with beam spots as small as a few wavelengths, can exist and propagate in free space, is reported.
Abstract: It was recently predicted that nondiffracting beams, with beam spots as small as a few wavelengths, can exist and propagate in free space. We report the first experimental investigation of these beams.
2,919 citations
Journal Article•
2,441 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the recent developments in the field of cylindrical vector beams is provided in this paper, where the authors also discuss the potential of using these beams in other fields.
Abstract: An overview of the recent developments in the field of cylindrical vector beams is
provided. As one class of spatially variant polarization, cylindrical vector beams
are the axially symmetric beam solution to the full vector electromagnetic wave
equation. These beams can be generated via different active and passive methods.
Techniques for manipulating these beams while maintaining the polarization symmetry
have also been developed. Their special polarization symmetry gives rise to unique
high-numerical-aperture focusing properties that find important applications in
nanoscale optical imaging and manipulation. The prospects for cylindrical vector
beams and their applications in other fields are also briefly discussed.
2,361 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, exact nonsingular solutions of the scalar-wave equation for beams that are non-diffracting were presented, which means that the intensity pattern in a transverse plane is unaltered by propagating in free space.
Abstract: We present exact, nonsingular solutions of the scalar-wave equation for beams that are nondiffracting. This means that the intensity pattern in a transverse plane is unaltered by propagating in free space. These beams can have extremely narrow intensity profiles with effective widths as small as several wavelengths and yet possess an infinite depth of field. We further show (by using numerical simulations based on scalar diffraction theory) that physically realizable finite-aperture approximations to the exact solutions can also possess an extremely large depth of field.
2,283 citations