Genes that mediate breast cancer metastasis to lung
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...Orthotopic implantation into the mammary glands of mice revealed that cells expressing the lung metastasis genes generated primary tumors that grew more rapidly than the corresponding parental cell line (Minn et al., 2005a)....
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...Intriguingly, the lung metastasis genes identified in this study were largely distinct from genes previously associated with metastasis to bone through in vivo selection from the same parental breast-cancer cell line (Minn et al., 2005a)....
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...cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) may also participate in metastatic progression (Dannenberg and Subbaramaiah, 2003; Minn et al., 2005a)....
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...This heterogeneity in metastatic potential—a hallmark of cells from advanced breastcancer patients—could not be explained by even subtle differences in expression of a previously described “poor prognosis signature” (Minn et al., 2005b)....
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...Additionally, the synthesis of prostaglandins by inflammatory cells expressing the inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) may also participate in metastatic progression (Dannenberg and Subbaramaiah, 2003; Minn et al., 2005a)....
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